All social phenomena and processes have a characteristic internal structure. The most complex social system is society, and people act as its elements. Their social activity is dictated by individual qualities, occupied by social status, performed functions, social values and established by this system.
The social system is presented in the following aspects:
- a lot of individuals whose joint interaction is dictated by general circumstances (village, city, labor collective, family, etc.);
- social community;
- hierarchy of statuses and social functions,
- social organization;
- a set of values and norms,
- culture.
All aspects are closely intertwined. Therefore, we can say that the social system is an organic unity of three aspects: culture, social community and social organization.
In a social community, social processes occur precisely thanks to its basis - a set of people with the conditions of their life (interests, needs, education, etc.). A social community functions and develops based on the interaction of individuals and social ties.
Social communication, in turn, is expressed by the compatibility of the functioning of elements or objects. Two types of connections are distinguished here: genetic (structural, causal) and formal (relating only to the plane of knowledge).
Social communication is usually understood as a set of factors determining the joint activity of individuals in individual, specific societies to achieve certain goals. Such relationships are usually long-lasting and independent of personal qualities. These are the connections between individuals and the processes and phenomena occurring around them. Such connections lead to new social relations. This is how a social system is formed, the concept of which is closely related to the concept of "social structure". The social structure divides society into so-called layers (by position, by the method of production). The main elements in it are social communities, classes, groups (socio-territorial, socio-demographic , ethnic, professional).
The social system carries the sum of all social processes and phenomena that are in relationships and relationships with each other and create a certain common object of social policy. Elements of this system form separate processes and phenomena. The social structure is included in the field of phenomena of the social system, combining two components: social composition with social connection.
An important goal of state policy is to build a system of state support, the essence of which is to subsidize certain categories of society, through the allocation of budgetary funds or the use of extrabudgetary funds.
The social security system (SS) originated in the thirties of the last century. The first mention of it appeared in the USA, initiated by the Act
on social security "in the 1935th year.
The right to JI, enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is reflected in the form of a set of legislative measures and interconnected organizations. Protection of low-income and disabled people is carried out in two directions:
- social help;
- social Security.
JIs include pensions, benefits, vocational training for people with disabilities with their further employment, medical care and rehabilitation of people with disabilities, etc. The root of performance lies in a well-thought-out financing mechanism. Insurance funds collected through taxes are a source of social insurance payments. In addition, appropriations and budget funds are used.
The task of social services is to provide people in need with all forms of social services.