Do you consider yourself a modern person? Actually believe that you can handle any complexity and problem? In principle, we can assume that the way it is. But, as practice shows, the average person can be proud of his omnipotence only as long as he does not leave his usual habitat. Check it out?
Section 1. How to light a fire without matches? Relevance of the issue
21st century in the yard. We learned to fly to the moon, using the Internet you can find almost any information, and foreign languages can already be learned without leaving your computer. All this is called scientific and technological progress.
What about simpler but more vital things? Have you ever wondered if a modern person can survive, say, in the wild? Does he know how to light a fire without matches or how to build at least a temporary shelter from the rain? Sadly, the answers to these questions are likely to be negative.
In general, if we turn to statistics, it turns out that most of the city dwellers can’t light a fire even with a lighter, and they don’t even know about various ways of producing fire.
That is why you should not forget about the survival school. You never know where and when it can come in handy. There is an opinion that every man should know how to draw fire without matches, but women should also listen to our today's advice. This is, you see, the most important skill for survival.
Section 2. We list the main ways to solve the problem.
How to get fire without matches in the forest? Is this even possible?
It is absolutely clear that any moisture or moisture will spoil all initiatives. There would seem to be nothing to argue about. Even the younger schoolchild knows that in order to get a bonfire in the forest without matches or when using them (at this stage it is not so important), you will need dry rags or leaves, which, by the way, will be useful ropes, gauze, crushed bark or dry moss, etc. Let me note that this is only a minimal set of components. So to speak, the most affordable for the average layman.
From a scientific point of view, there are four main methods to solve the problem:
- chemical;
- textbook (using a lens);
- using friction force;
- solid.
Now let's talk about each of them in more detail.
Section 3. Chemical method
Probably, some of us still remember from school that a reaction of potassium permanganate and glycerin can cause a flammable mixture. If you have access to these components for the "preparation" of fire, feel free to act! In this case, you can easily solve the problem of how to light a fire without matches in the field. Enough only 1 g of potassium permanganate, sprinkled on previously prepared rags, and a couple of drops of glycerin. But I would like to warn you right away: as soon as you put the glycerin in, remove your hand faster, because the fire will immediately devour the proposed “gifts”.
Section 4. How to light a fire without matches. Long, but reliable - a textbook way
Using a lens from glasses, binoculars, a telescope, a convex bottle, an aquarium or other shaped glass, you can focus the sun's beam to create a bonfire. For example, Robinson Crusoe from a well-known and beloved book from childhood before getting fire without matches (what matches and a lighter can be on the island?!?), He carefully used watch glasses.
Section 5. Ready to work hard? Tedious way
It is possible to make a bonfire by the force of friction, although this is a very tedious and not always successful result. To begin with, onions are made from soft wood, but the rope will perfectly perform the role of a bowstring. Any pointed stick will act as a “drill.” The support should be made of dry hardwood log, for example, pine or oak.
The starting material is first cleaned of bark. Then you need to drill a hole in it 1-1.5 cm deep and carefully cover it with a tinder. The drill must be wrapped with a bowstring, inserted with one ring into the hole, tightly lay the tinder around. Only after that, firmly pressing the drill with your palm, you need to quickly move the bow with your right hand. This should be done perpendicular to the drill. Important: in order not to damage the palm, a gasket made of fabric is placed between the drill and hand, it can be replaced with tree bark. After the tinder is smoldering, it must be well inflated and put the kindling, which is prepared in advance.
Section 6. The Hard Way
For this method, any stone can serve as a material. It is convenient enough to knock out a spark with a steel knife or other metal objects. The success of such an activity is hard to predict, because it all depends on luck and a very dry basis for a fire.
Section 7. “Diligence and labor will grind everything”
It is this saying that it is recommended to take advantage of those who, in spite of everything, nevertheless decided to learn the science of how to make fire without matches.
It should be immediately warned that making fire by friction is the most difficult method. He's definitely not for the faint of heart.
In general, there are various methods that allow you to get fire by friction. However, the most important aspect is the type of wood used for the plank and spindle.
A spindle is a stick that you twist to create friction between it and the board. Juniper, cypress, aspen, willow, cedar, walnut are considered the best materials for planks and spindles. To use a tree for fire production by friction, as, in principle, any other, the wood must be taken exclusively dry.
Section 8. Hand Drill Method
Honestly, he is the most primitive, but also the most basic and difficult. All that is required in this case is a tree, tireless hands and determination.
Build a tinder jack. As tinder, a material flammable from a single spark, it is best to use:
- birch bark;
- dry grass
- pine needles;
- wood shavings;
- polypore (chopped and dried mushrooms);
- wax paper;
- fluffy cotton;
- burnt cotton;
- fir cones.
Make an incision by cutting a small indentation on the plank. Under this neckline, it is worth putting a bark to catch a coal arising from friction. Start rotating by installing the spindle in the recess. Generally, it should be approximately 50 centimeters long for this method to work properly. Rotate the stick between your palms until a corner appears.
As soon as the spark appears, quickly transfer it to the pre-prepared tinder nest. Blow it carefully, everything is ready - the fire is burning.
Section 9. The Way of the Fire Bow
It is considered the most effective way of producing fire, which is based on friction. In this case, you will need to use onions and augers.
Make a tight bow. To do this, pull a rope, belt, string on a stick. Then make a hole in the dry tree. Next, quickly and long twist the shaft in the hole with a bow. As a result, you should get a black powder. As soon as a spark appears in it, it must be transferred to the tinder.
Section 10. Flint and Flint
In general, it should be noted that this is an old and reliable backup option for those who do not know how to make fire without matches in the forest or in the open.
In principle, a good idea is to take flint with you all the time. Matches can get wet and will be useless. And so you can still get a spark from a piece of flint.
Flint remains the ideal option. In addition, you can always improvise using quartzite and a steel blade of any knife.
But that is not all. According to experts, you will definitely need a charred piece of fabric, which can be replaced with a dry piece of mushroom, birch bark.
- Take the stone and cloth.
- Place a piece of stone between the thumb and forefinger, while its edge should protrude 7 centimeters.
- Grip the fabric firmly with your thumb and flint.
- Start carving sparks. To do this, beat the flint with steel or a knife blade several times, you will see that sparks will fly away on the fabric, thereby causing a glow.
- Put a sparkling cloth in the tinder and gently blow it to light a fire.
Section 11. Using a lens
In general, all methods based on obtaining fire using lenses are considered the easiest. Before you start a fire without matches, you just need to focus the sun's rays on a specific place.
For this purpose, also suitable:
- magnifying glass;
- glasses;
- binoculars.
By the way, if you add a little water to the lens, the light beam will become more intense. Try to tilt the glass so that the rays are focused to a point with the smallest possible diameter. Put a tinder in this place, soon you will be able to get fire.
The only drawback of this method is that it only works in the presence of the sun. And at night, you have to use other methods.
Section 12. Creative Approach
Not sure how to light a fire without matches? Try to do it in an original way - and have fun yourself and surprise your friends.
So, in addition to the traditional methods, there are three completely unusual, but rather effective methods that are based on the refraction of rays.
- Balloons and condoms. If you fill a balloon or condom with water, they will turn into a lens. True, they should be kept at a smaller focal distance from the tinder - by 1-2 cm.
- Fire from ice. Get fire from a piece of ice. This method is extremely useful for winter camping. But for the method to work, the ice must be completely transparent and about 5 centimeters thick. Then give the ice a lens shape, polish it with your hands until smooth and use it like traditional lenses.
- Coca-Cola and chocolate. You will need an aluminum can and chocolate. Moreover, the bottom of the first should be polished by the second, toothpaste is also suitable. After grinding, a parabolic mirror will be obtained. It remains only to catch the sunlight and put the tinder where the rays are focused.