Survey work is, first of all, the identification of technical grounds for preparation for the start of construction, engineering surveys, development of construction projects, preparation of working and budget documentation. This set of works can be performed both during capital construction and during reconstruction of structures, the need for their technical re-equipment.
Classification
Currently, design and survey work is conditionally divided into several types:
- Topographic and geodetic work - aimed at collecting and providing data when compiling situational maps of a particular site. The preparation of maps and detailed plans allows engineers to obtain basic ideas about the existing terrain and identify possible problems that will have to be encountered directly during construction.
- Geological survey work is the study of the geological features of the structure of the working area, the characteristics and qualities of soils.
- The third type of survey work is hydrological survey related to design. Such measures include determining the location of groundwater, studying their quality, origin, suitability for technical needs and drinking, and diagnosing the aggressiveness of the composition.
The main tasks of the survey work in preparation for the construction
The implementation of the survey works allows us to solve the following series of problems:
- preparation of a developed geodetic network for construction needs;
- updating large-scale plans, topographic schemes;
- preparation of terrain plans in graphic and digital, volumetric version;
- collection, processing and analysis of available data about the object;
- site assessment, measurements, measurements;
- processing the information received, drawing up work sheets, conclusions, reports.
How to create an order for survey work?
If it is necessary to carry out survey work, it is important to seek the help of reputable services that have experienced trained specialists. Having decided on a construction company that is capable of high-quality design and survey work, it is necessary to correctly set the main and secondary tasks. Next, the program of activities necessary for the implementation is determined and agreed upon.
The cost of survey work is formed on the basis of documentation with a list of pre-planned tasks that contain information about the amount of work needed, their nature, timing. At the end, the parties to the agreement receive a package of necessary securities.
Preparatory work
During the preparatory phase of the survey, first of all, the formulation of technical tasks takes place, design documentation is prepared. As a basis for the implementation of such events, codes of existing materials on the object for past periods are usually used. However, a project can be developed on the basis of recent data.
Further, on the basis of the processed information, a program is prepared for conducting survey work in accordance with the tasks set. The official permissions are issued for the implementation of the planned tasks.
Field work
Field survey work is the most important stage that requires the formation of objective data, on the basis of which important calculations are performed, plans for sites and objects are drawn up, and reporting papers are prepared.
At this stage, the following occurs:
- survey of the area;
- outlines a general work plan;
- important areas are identified for the technical and material support of planned activities;
- a geodetic reference grid is organized;
- a topographic survey of the area, as well as existing underground utilities ;
- the project is submitted in kind, after which the relevant acts are drawn up.
Office events
Off-site survey work is a whole complex of tasks, which includes the final processing of the results obtained in the course of research, calculation of coordinates, estimation of measurements and, first of all, their accuracy.
Based on the results of off-site events, a digital model of the object is developed, on the basis of which the drawings necessary for the implementation of the tasks are created. It provides comprehensive information about the site, existing facilities, terrain, underground and ground communications.
The final stage
At the end, technical reports are prepared, which contain detailed information about the object. The text part based on the results of office work must necessarily contain all the necessary drawings.