When a child reaches the age of four, it is time for parents to think about the level of their intellectual development. To correctly assess the situation, mothers and fathers should learn about what children should know at 4 years old. This is very important, as today's baby will become a first grader tomorrow. However, before entering the school, the preschool child has to pass a difficult test developed by teachers together with psychologists. This article will help to understand what a child at 4 years of age with FGT should know.
Features of the physical development of four-year-old children
The growth of girls and boys of four years ranges from 96 to 106 cm. Their weight is 14-17 kg, and the circumference of the chest varies from 50 to 55 cm. In the fifth year of life, children continue to grow actively and constantly gain muscle mass. They are showing increasing interest in what is happening around them. They are attracted by everything new and unknown. Four-year-olds are so absorbed in the knowledge of the world around them that sometimes it is impossible to get through for lunch or dinner.
During this period, the kids have a great desire to be like their parents. They try to imitate them in everything. That is why girls are happy to help mothers with housekeeping, and the boys are ready to spend hours with their fathers in the garage. Now children physical labor does not cause, as before, negative emotions. They are hardworking, agile and more confident in their abilities. In addition, easy household chores are an excellent exercise that develops coordination of movements.
At 4 years old, the child is already running fast enough and at the same time practically does not fall. He has excellent control over his body and is able to keep his balance. It is at this age that you can start teaching your favorite child to ride a two-wheeled bicycle. Moreover, four-year-olds can easily run pretty long distances without stopping for them. They jump back and forth well, but playing with a rope for them is still problematic.
Features of the psychological development of four-year-old children
Children of four years more and more often show attempts to free themselves from excessive parental care and become more independent. By this time, they had already acquired enough physical skills so as not to resort to the help of adults during the game. They themselves can come up with an occupation, establish certain rules and strictly follow them. On how much parents support this or that initiative of their precious child, the formation of his character traits depends in many respects. Children to whom mothers and fathers from early childhood provide an opportunity to choose hobbies (running, drawing, wrestling, swimming, music, etc.), grow up as enterprising people who are not afraid to take justifiable risks.
One should not hinder the child’s beginnings, arguing that he is still too small and simply can not correctly assess the situation. If you do not interfere with the baby's free imagination, he will acquire such valuable qualities in life as determination and perseverance. If adults, on the contrary, make it clear to the child that his games are meaningless, his actions are stupid or stupid, he is likely to withdraw into himself, become secretive and incredulous. In addition, he will be afraid of everything new and unknown. His indecision will become an obstacle to success and prosperity in the future.
Knowledge of the world
What should children at 4 years old know about the world around them? What skills should they possess? Answering these questions, experts argue that at this age, pre-schoolers can give their last name and first name, as well as list the names of immediate relatives and friends. It’s not difficult for them to say how old they are and to show it on their fingers. In addition, the kids should not be lost if they are asked the question in which country and city they live. Children begin to realize the difference between different seasons: it snows in winter, grass melts in spring and it grows hot in summer, birds sing, flowers bloom, fruits grow on trees, foliage falls in autumn, and very often the weather is cloudy and rainy. Moreover, four-year-olds can list several names of trees and plants, they distinguish wild animals from domestic animals, fruits from vegetables.
How developed is the thinking of a child of four?
To answer the question of what a child should know at 4 years old, pay attention to how he thinks. To do this, carefully observe the baby during his daily games and try to note the following points:
- Can he assemble a pyramid consisting of 7 rings, and at the same time not ask for help from an adult?
- Can a child find an extra item from any group presented to him?
- Does he find it difficult to find a pair of subject?
- Does the baby answer the questions: "Why do I need a door in the apartment?" "How many hands does a man have?" "How many puppies does the puppy have?"
- Is the child lost if he is asked to find opposite words, for example, a tree is tall and a bush ... (low); the stone is heavy, and the leaf ... (light); the brick is solid, and the blanket ... (soft)?
- Is it easy for him to find 3-4 inconsistencies in the pictures?
If a preschool child performs these simple actions effortlessly and with interest, then he copes with what a child should know at 4 years old, and the development of his thinking is age-appropriate. That is, there is no reason to worry.
How careful are four-year-olds?
It is still quite difficult for children of four years to sit in one place and concentrate on performing one task for more than 15 minutes. Therefore, even if parents know what children should know when they are 4 years old, testing them can be problematic. At this age, preschool children are restless and are in constant motion. However, it would be wrong to say that they are inattentive and simply impossible to deal with. Four-year-olds can masterfully imitate the movements of an adult: raise their hands up, release them down, clap their hands, etc. Looking at the picture, they are able to correctly assemble a simple constructor. They are interested in finding differences and similarities between toys, playing a game, according to the rules of which it is necessary to detect and show identical objects, to put puzzles of 3-4 large pieces. Each individual task the child must complete, without distraction, for 5-7 minutes.
What is a four year old child able to remember?
Before you ask yourself what children should know at age 4, you need to find out how much information they can remember. Moreover, what the child is invited to remember, he must understand. Otherwise, the information will be useless, since the baby will not be able to use it in everyday life. To check how developed the memory of your child is, ask him to do the following:
- Repeat exactly the few syllables you uttered: ka-sa-mi; pi-sa-well-ki, etc.
- Unmistakably complete the task, which consists of several successive commands: go to the room, open the closet, take the toy from the lower shelf and bring it to you.
- Remember 5 items offered to him for 2-3 minutes. After that, removing one of these items, ask the child to name one that is missing.
- Repeat in a certain sequence several digits: four - two - five; three - one - four.
- Know by heart and be able to tell a few short poems and puzzles.
- Be able to retell a simple fairy tale.
- To be able to tell and describe recent events with him.
Additionally, you can ask a psychologist what a child should know at 4 years old. In the kindergarten, attended by your beloved child, there is certainly an experienced specialist. Turning to him will be useful.
What should children at 4 years old in math know?
When the child barely starts talking, some caring parents immediately try to teach him to count. They do not care at all that at such an early age the baby is primarily the need for caress and care of relatives. An excessive desire of parents to teach a child everything and at once sometimes leads to very unpleasant consequences. However, the four-year-olds have already grown enough, their speech in most cases sounds intelligible and understandable, they carefully listen to what adults are saying to them, and are very easy to learn. Engaging with them is a pleasure.
So, what should a child of 4 in math know? A preschooler should be able to:
- Show single items in the room, as well as those of which there are several pieces.
- Make a distinction between simple geometric shapes.
- Distinguish the right hand from the left.
- To be able to explain in words which objects are more and which are less.
- To be able to compare 2-3 subjects in their size.
What should children of four years be able to do in accordance with the Childhood program?
Parents who are very scrupulous in preparing their precious child for school, probably know the educational program called "Childhood." It is a software and methodological product developed by leading experts of the country with the goal of comprehensive development of preschool children. Here is what a child at 4 years old should know about the Childhood program:
- Show curiosity, express your opinion without fear, share your impression of what you see.
- With joy and interest to explore everything new, ask a lot of questions.
- Try to be as attentive as possible and notice every change that occurs in his environment.
- Understand the meaning of words that denote certain properties of objects.
- Being sociable, easy to engage in dialogue with people.
- Know the main types of professions: doctor, policeman, fireman, teacher, engineer, constructor.