When the most necessary buildings are built at the summer cottage, you can proceed with the construction of the gazebo, in which the whole family will like to spend time. For its construction, wood, metal and brick are most often used. Of course, brick gazebos are expensive, but they last longer and do not need special care (wooden structures need periodic treatment with flame retardants and other compounds). Before the construction, you need to draw up a working draft, select high-quality materials, purchase them, think over the design and decoration of the building. Before you build a gazebo, you must determine all its pros and cons.
Advantages and disadvantages
A brick-built building has many important advantages:
- durability (will last many decades);
- does not require special care (this was discussed above);
- beautiful appearance, which can vary depending on the type of brick used;
- fire safety, allowing you to place a barbecue in the gazebo;
- the ability to spend the night even in winter (applies to gazebos of closed type).
Disadvantages of a gazebo made of brick:
- difficulties with laying, because only a professional bricklayer can lay out the brick smoothly and beautifully (an inexperienced builder will ruin everything);
- high cost of material;
- there is no way to move the building to another place.
Arbor Location
When choosing a construction site for a future gazebo, you need to take into account the features of the soil, the presence of other buildings, etc.
To begin with, the selected site is freed from trees and shrubs with large roots. If in the future it is planned to plant plants along the perimeter of the arbor, then they should not have a branched root system (this affects the foundation).
On marshy soils under the brick arbors, a pile foundation is installed. If the profile of the relief follows a curved line, it will have to be leveled (cut off excess soil and compact it).
The entrance to the building is best located on the leeward side.
An ideal option for roofing a gazebo made of brick (photo below) is a light tile that comes with the necessary slope. It is better not to use a flat roof, otherwise snow and rainwater will accumulate on it.
A distance of 5 m is maintained between the gazebo with the barbecue and the apartment building. Also, there should not be any ponds nearby.
Types of brick arbors
After choosing a place, you need to determine the type of arbor. They are open, half open and closed.
An open gazebo is a simple building, consisting of a foundation and walling with a maximum height of 1 m. Very often they are decorated with lattice, forged elements. Perfectly complement the composition of climbing plants.
Half-open brick arbors, photos of which can be seen below, imply the laying of one or two load-bearing walls. As a result, it turns out to be open and at the same time protects well from the weather. Such a structure can be equipped with barbecue. Forged elements and plants look beautiful between the supporting structures.
Closed gazebos can be used at any time of the year (suitable for spending the night). So that it is not cold in them, you need to additionally sheathe the walls with insulation, put quality windows and heating appliances. It should be borne in mind that all these additions require serious costs.
Design
The next stage of work is design. You can do everything on your own and get an absolutely unique design. Brick gazebo projects can be drafted in programs such as AutoCad, Archicad, Corel Draw, etc. If difficulties arise with their use, then you can make sketches manually or seek help from professionals.
On paper, the gazebo should be presented from different sides: front, back, side. You should also display it in a section with an indication of the nodes and additional structures. The integrated units of the device and fixing the foundation, walls, rafter structures and roofing material are a separate sheet. At the end, a specification is drawn up, which indicates all the structures, their sizes and quantity. A photo of the project of a brick gazebo can be viewed below.
Still, to carry out design work, certain knowledge and skills are needed so that the building looks good against the background of other buildings, combined with wildlife. Finished projects can be found in the catalogs of construction companies on various sites.
Foundation construction
One of the most basic gazebo designs is its base. In most cases, a columnar, strip, monolithic or pile foundation is used. The choice of one or another option depends on the type of soil and its mobility (special firms can perform the calculation). If the arbor is made of bricks with your own hands, then you can choose a shallow strip foundation.
Stages:
- Surface marking. To begin with, stakes are installed in the corners of the future building, they will be lighthouses and show the outside of the foundation. Inside each corner, 300-400 mm are measured and again the stakes with stretched twine are set.
- Digging a trench. Using the installed beacons, they dig a hole to a depth that should be greater than the depth of freezing of the soil (depending on the region). For complex areas with dense rocky ground, crowbars are used.
- Preparing a sand pillow. At the bottom of the trench sand is poured, leveled and covered with plastic wrap, which will protect against air gaps.
- Foundation device. On the perimeter of the prepared pit, formwork is mounted (any boards are suitable), then reinforcement is laid and concrete is poured (should protrude 250-300 mm above the ground surface). Even if the simplest arbor is built of brick, you need to put metal pipes in the corners - they will serve as its future support. Before proceeding, let the concrete dry for three to four days. If it starts to rain, the foundation can be protected with a film.
Walling
For the laying of building envelopes, brick laid in the project is used. It can be of any shape, size and color. The material is selected depending on the design, purpose and preferences of the owner of the building. When buying a brick, you should check its compliance with all the requirements of GOST, as well as the availability of various certificates.
So, the foundation is ready to absorb the load. It is moistened and covered with a uniform layer of solution (made from cement, sand and water in a ratio of 1: 3: 0.5). Brick laying is carried out in different ways - it depends on the type of arbor made of brick.
The walls of the open building are laid out in half a brick. Each element is placed with the long side along the wall. Bricks are pressed end to end. Each subsequent row is laid on the mortar and the sutures are ligated.
Decorative walling can take the form of a lattice. To do this, the masonry is performed so that the bricks do not cling to each other.
Do-it-yourself closed brick gazebo made of brick (photo can be seen in the article) is laid out in one brick. In the first row, the elements are located long side across the wall. In the second row, they already go along - such a feature will help to retain heat inside the building in frosty weather.
If the frame is made of metal pipes, then a brick is laid around them, which helps to form smooth and durable columns. In the absence of load-bearing walls, it is possible to strengthen the structure with beautiful wooden and metal elements.
Floor device
To get a durable and beautiful gazebo made of brick, you need to make a quality floor. It is done in many ways:
- pour a concrete screed located on top of the sand and gravel layer;
- lay geotextiles and mount wooden logs sheathed with boards;
- spread paving slabs on a sandy base.
Concrete screed is considered the strongest and most durable, so we will consider this type of floor in more detail. To begin with, the fertile soil layer is removed inside the building, sand with crushed stone is covered with a layer of 200 mm. Leveling and pouring with concrete mixture is carried out (its surface should be perfectly smooth). The finished structure is covered with polyethylene, which will protect against the appearance of cracks. It can be removed in a week.
Roof device
The roof of the gazebo can have any shape and take cover with any material - it all depends on the wishes of the owner of the site. Most often, it resembles a tent made of boards, covered with tiles, decking, slate, etc.
To make a gazebo of brick with any roof, you need:
- in the center, install a temporary pillar that will hold the entire structure until it is fully secured;
- attach to the upper end of the pillar rafters;
- mount cross-links at a short distance from each other (depending on the load on the roof);
- beat the crate over the structure with a pitch of 350-400 mm;
- lay waterproofing, roofing material and attach to the crate using roofing screws;
- protect joints with special overlays and ridge elements;
- if necessary, insulate the gazebo - the thermal insulation is located on the same level with the rafters and is protected by a windproof film.
Arbor decoration
The gazebo is built, you can proceed to its internal and external decoration. If you successfully beat everything, then later on its background you will get amazing photos. Beautiful brick arbors are obtained if their appearance is combined with the surrounding buildings. Inside the structure, it is necessary to lay the flooring, plaster the walls, sheathe the ceiling, and if necessary, mount a fireplace. Outside, the decoration is carried out, weirs are attached and the blinds are poured.
To keep the floors beautiful for as long as possible, it is worth laying paving tiles. They are also laid out with stone, boards, cement-bonded boards. All walls are leveled and plastered on both sides (layer thickness - 10 mm). From the inside they can be finished with tiles, plastic panels or clapboard. The front part is plastered and painted with water-based paint. Pergolas used in the winter period are necessarily insulated with polystyrene foam (thickness - 100 mm). In this case, a section of the wall will look like this: wall, insulation, reinforcing mesh, adhesive cement, putty, water-based paint.
Any building needs a blind area - it will protect the foundation from the accumulation of rainwater. Its optimal width is 500 mm, and its thickness is at least 100 mm. The structure is located below floor level and goes downhill towards the street. To make a blind area, you need to prepare the formwork from boards or a metal profile. At its base should be a sand pad 100 mm thick.
Gazebos with barbecue
From the photo of the gazebos made of brick with barbecue, it is clear that it is best to make them open or half-open. But many experts argue that with the right calculation, it is possible to build a closed building, which will please the owners all year round. The brazier can be either a lightweight structure or laid out with bricks along with the main building.
Various foundations are suitable for a gazebo with barbecue:
- continuous (solid concrete site is poured);
- tape (monolithic, precast or precast monolithic);
- pile (more suitable for large buildings, as it can withstand heavy loads).
If the choice fell on a solid foundation, then in open arbors, it can serve as a floor. Closed buildings will additionally need a screed. Monolithic and precast monolithic foundation requires a formwork device, into which concrete is poured. The prefabricated foundation is laid out with ready-made blocks - the fastest way to build the foundation of a building. Piles are rarely used and only for overall structures. In addition, their use is expensive in terms of materials and equipment used.
In principle, a gazebo with barbecue is built in the same way as a regular one. However, there are several nuances:
- built-in barbecue is being built simultaneously with the supporting structures (columns, walls);
- independent construction is possible, but special attention is paid to the main components - the furnace and chimney (they must comply with all fire safety standards);
- from the inside, the stove is laid out from refractory bricks;
- if there is not a solid foundation under the building , then the foundation is calculated and mounted under the barbecue.
Braziers are not only brick, but also:
- cast iron (strong, durable and excellent for capital buildings);
- electrical (safe, easy to use, allow cooking without open flame);
- metal (lightweight, durable, inexpensive, portable anywhere);
- collapsible (simple, inexpensive, but easily deformed).
Brick pavilions seem to many to be an ordinary summer house for families. But they also protect well from sunlight, precipitation, and wind. If you make all the walls load-bearing, insulate them and the ceiling, check the compliance of all structures with fire safety standards, arrange furniture, you can sleep in it even in winter.