Strong fires always bring many disasters. Against a raging flame, a person is often powerless. The chronicle of the largest fires in Russia was studied, which, as it turned out, was quite a lot.
The biggest fires in our country in the XIX-XX centuries
In 1837, the Winter Palace burned down in St. Petersburg. Many valuable works of art, manuscripts and chronicles perished. The glow from the fire was visible at 70 miles around. People died. After the fire, the palace was rebuilt for more than 2 years.
Back in the 19th century, large fires in Russia did not pass by the capital. In September 1812, after the famous Borodino battle, Kutuzov ordered the Russian troops to leave Moscow. The retreating Russian troops set fire to the city so that the French would not get it. Historians testify that the fire began on September 14 at Solyanka, behind the Yauz bridge, then the Educational courtyard, the wine yard, shops, and shops took up. Soon, the fire spread to all nearby areas and spread across the Moscow River. On September 18, the fire reached its climax, after which it was possible to extinguish. Flames raged for 5 days, devouring ¾ buildings, more than 120 temples, destroying the lives of thousands of people. Over the next 20 years, Moscow rebuilt after this disaster.
In a new history, in 1989, there was a terrible disaster near Ufa, which is considered the worst in the 20th century. Due to the explosion of the gas pipeline section, 2 passenger trains caught fire at the same time. About 600 people died in terrible fire, of which 181 children. Due to injuries, more than 600 people remained disabled for life.
Dashing 90s
Unfortunately, major fires in Russia occur annually. They often arise due to criminal negligence and take the lives of many innocent people. It is especially terrible when children die in smoke and fire.
The following are examples of major fires in Russia at the end of the 20th century:
- 2.03.1992. The collision of a passenger train with a freight train caught fire several cars. 45 people died from the fire.
- 06/12/1997. In a nursing home in the Sverdlovsk region, 16 people were killed by fire.
- 02/11/1998. The building of Rosmorflot caught fire. In total, more than 70 victims were counted, 12 of which were hospitalized with severe burns.
- In 1999, there were the largest fires in the Russian Federation in 10 years:
- 02.10 the building of the Samara Regional Office of Internal Affairs caught fire. A large number of people were affected. 25 people were killed, 52 were missing, 57 were seriously injured.
- On March 18, in the Vologda Oblast, in a psycho-neurological boarding school, a patient set up one of the largest fires in Russia, in which 21 people died, another 14 were taken to the hospital.
Fire in the Ostankino tower
On August 27, 2000, the largest fires in Russia replenished with another tragic story. It began at an altitude of 460 m in the television tower of Ostankino. At about 3 p.m., cable collectors began to work, and closer to 5 p.m., 25 m of cables had already burned down. The fire raged in earnest. The difficulty for firefighters was the height at which they had to work. By 19:00, 3 elevators crashed down from a height of half a kilometer. Killed people in one of the elevators.
Only 28.08 was able to cope with the disaster. Work on the air of many channels was resumed on 04-05.09.2000. The damage from this fire is estimated at several hundred million dollars.
The tragedies of 2002-2007
The terrifying major fires that occurred in Russia from 2002 to 2005 claimed many lives.
- 08/02/2002. There was a fire in Moscow in the Luzhniki market. The area of ignition was 1 thousand sq.m. One man suffered, who, fortunately, was promptly hospitalized, which saved his life.
- 04/10/2003. In a boarding school, which is located in the city of Makhachkala, there was a terrible fire. 30 children were burned alive, 119 were hospitalized. This is one of the darkest days in the history of the Russian Federation.
- 11/24/2003. A huge fire at the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Killed 44 people, injured discovered 180 people.
Over the next 3 years, major fires in Russia with a large number of victims were not recorded.
- 03/20/2007. Due to the fact that the administration did not correct some of the comments of the fire inspection, a nursing home in the city of Yeisk caught fire. Killed 62 people, including 1 nurse. Of all the medical staff, only she tried to save the lives of patients. 34 people were saved. As it turned out, almost all the dead died from a lack of oxygen.
The largest fires in Russia in clubs and restaurants
- 02/03/2007 year. A strong fire completely destroyed the Moscow entertainment center Slava.
- 03/25/2007. An explosion of pyrotechnics started a fire in the Moscow club "911". He claimed the lives of 11 people.
- 12/04/2007. The fire engulfed the Moscow restaurant "East Yard". The building has completely burned down.
- 02/07/2008. There was a fire in one of the elite Moscow clubs "Diaghilev." The fire area is 1.5 thousand square meters. meters.
- October 23, 2009, a fire began in a Samara cafe. The area was quite large, 1 thousand square meters. meters. By complexity, the fire fell under the second degree.
- 11/15/2009. In Naberezhnye Chelny, a bar broke out in the bar. 2 people were killed, 29 people were hospitalized, 8 of them with burns of 3 and 4 degrees of severity.
- 12/02/2009. On this day, the lame horse night club in Perm celebrated its eighth birthday. The administration decided to arrange fireworks right inside the hall. Sparks hit the low ceiling, and the fire ran down the foam walls, decorated with willow twigs and painted canvases. The panic seized people, and a stampede at the entrance began. Those who remained inside the building were poisoned by carbon monoxide. 156 people were killed, another 134 were injured. As a result of this large-scale tragedy, 15 children were left orphans.
- 03/09/2010. A strong fire began in the central club of Moscow under the name "Opera". He also fell into the second category of difficulty. One person died, one went missing.
In 2010, Russia experienced a large-scale fire of natural origin. Due to the heat wave, peat deposits and forests of Central Russia burned from July to early September. In total, almost 200 thousand hectares were covered by fire in 20 regions of the country.
According to official data of the Ministry of Emergencies, in 2010 large fires in Russia took the lives of about 12 thousand 900 people.
Recent story
In 2011, there were about 169 thousand fires in which 12 thousand people died.
It is known that in 2012 about 115 thousand fires occurred in Russia, and at least 8 thousand people died and 9 thousand people were injured.
- 06/21/2012. A serious fire occurred in the village of Zabolotye in the Moscow region on the territory of the plant. The area of fire was 5.6 thousand square meters. meters. There were no injuries.
- 09/11/2012. At the factory for tailoring in the suburbs, a fire broke out on the second floor. Killed 14 people.
- 09/29/2012. A fire broke out in the territory of the oil sludge processing plant near Khanty-Mansiysk. The fire area was quite large - 4 thousand square meters. m. 11 people were killed, six were injured.
The latest news about serious fires in the Russian Federation
In 2013, there were more than 150 thousand fires in Russia, the victims of which were more than 23 thousand people, of which more than 10 thousand died. The total material damage, according to rough estimates, amounted to almost 14 billion rubles.
There are no final data for 2014 yet. But today already recorded more than 110 thousand fires, which killed about 7 thousand people.
Goskomstat notes a positive trend to reduce natural fires. As a result of the severe fires of 2010, the state conducted a series of preventive measures - the destruction of dead wood, the flooding of old peat mines, and the generous financing of measures aimed at protecting forests from fires, especially in Siberia and the Far East.
The main causes of fires
Among the most common causes of fires can be identified:
- careless handling of fire, including childish pranks,
- improper operation of household electrical appliances and electrical equipment,
- violation of the rules for handling furnace heating ,
- arson, explosions,
- violation of fire safety rules for gas and gas welding,
- malfunction of industrial equipment, violation of production technology,
- spontaneous combustion of combustible materials as a result of their improper use and storage.