Today, the construction of prefabricated structures and buildings is in great demand. LSTK technology is very popular because it has low cost, high quality, and most importantly - the minimum installation time. In the article we will consider options for frame hangars, their features, advantages and disadvantages.
The advantages of frame structures
It is worth discussing the benefits of these buildings. You can highlight the following points:
- Fairly low cost.
- Simplified design, minimum lead time.
- There are practically no costs for repair and maintenance of the frame structure.
- Installation, as well as the dismantling of structures, is very simple.
- At any time, you can redevelop the interior space.
- Modern and relatively aesthetic appearance.
- The structure is durable and reliable.
If you still doubt whether it is necessary to build such a structure, pay attention to the appearance of the structures that are given in the article. It will be cheaper to make a prefabricated hangar than to engage in capital construction.
The main types of construction
Four types of metal hangars can be distinguished:
- Arched structures from LSTK.
- Tent type hangar from LSTK.
- Polygonal hangars from LSTK.
- Frame constructions with straight walls.
Arched construction
This type can be called "classic." He is very common. During the construction of the frame, you can use any suitable materials. But the construction of the frame is not a mandatory step. Such hangars have an oblong view, the roof and walls are connected and made in the shape of an arch. Therefore, from here the name of the design went. It is allowed to erect structures of any length, only there are requirements for the maximum width. It should be no more than 20 m.
In height, the arched hangar should be equal to half the width. This is a prerequisite that must be observed. When building an arch hangar, it is necessary to use metal profile pipes. With their help, a frame is created. Sheathing must be carried out using a metal profile. It is mounted outside the building, from the inside all the sheets of the metal profile must be insulated.
Using the frame, you will reliably protect the building from gusts of wind, as well as from the effects of a large mass of snow in winter. As for the frameless arched hangars, they are created according to a special model. Sheets of a metal profile must be formed in the form of an arch. But such designs can be observed low resistance to external factors.
Polygonal Designs
Such constructions of hangars are not much different from those considered above. You could even say that this is a certain subspecies of the arched structure. The shape of this design is similar to half an ellipse or a semicircle. Direct crossbars, which are the frame of the structure, fit into it. Here is just one feature of this type of hangar. Height is not associated with width. To build such a hangar, it is necessary to use several types of pipes at once, which should be distinguished by high reliability and strength.
To make a warm hangar, you need to use additional elements and a sandwich panel. It is also allowed to use tent coverings. Please note that it is unrealistic to independently carry out the construction of frame structures that were discussed above. Frames are formed and manufactured in factories, the construction itself must necessarily be carried out under the supervision of experienced specialists.
Tent hangars
The next view is a tent. It is also fast-built, LSTK technologies are used. As for the design, it is much simpler than in the first two cases. There are also no restrictions on width and height. In order to increase reliability and durability, the frame must be strengthened with spacers or cross beams.
It is allowed to complete such hangars with professional flooring, awning, sandwich panels. These hangars cope very well with strong gusts of wind, they do not accumulate snow. In addition, the main advantage of this design is that it can be built on the floor. As a result, get a building in 2-3 floors.
Direct Wall Structures
The latter type, which is actively used in construction. You need to know that this is the most low-cost and simplest design option. Such hangars can be carried out in various forms. There are single-pitch, asymmetric, even with an arch-shaped roof. Such a framework is the simplest; it is also built using LSTK technology.
Connections are made using high strength bolts. Moreover, the construction of frame hangars of this type of any height, width and length is allowed. Direct-walled and frame structures are reliable and time-tested structures, their price is very affordable. Of course, the appearance is slightly worse than that of the arched frame hangar of the prefabricated type.
But it is worth paying attention to the fact that the hipped and straight-walled hangars have a simple design. Therefore, you can even build them yourself. The main thing in this case is to correctly calculate the possible snow and wind loads.
Initial stage of construction
First you need to perform the design of the structure. Work through all the elements of the process, do not miss any nuances. Remember that without a high-quality completed project, building a hangar is unrealistic. In the documentation, it is necessary to lay all the calculations that relate to the maximum permissible loads on the structure. This is especially true of frame tent hangars, which need maximum strengthening.
It is recommended to trust the development of the project only to professionals. It is advisable that they have extensive experience working with tasks on LSTK technology. Project development is allowed in the ArchiCAD program. All drawings must be done according to SNIPs and GOSTs.
Do it yourself design
For the construction of a frame hangar, you need to use the following regulatory framework:
- GOST 23118-99.
- SNiP III-18-75.
- SNiP II-23-81.
- SNiP 3.03.01-87.
- SNiP 2.03.11-85.
- SNiP 2.0.07-85.
- SNiP 22-01-99.
When designing frame hangars, you need to take into account all the nuances that relate to the manufacture of the foundation, supply of communications, installation of the roof and the main frame.
All details should be worked out as much as possible at the very initial stage - during design. Be sure to indicate in the project for what purpose the hangar is intended. In this case, the architect will be able to correctly determine the foundation option. In addition, based on these data, you can calculate all consumables and building materials. All this is selected strictly individually, depending on what will be the maximum load on the entire building.
If all project documentation is completed correctly, then you can significantly reduce the cost of building a hangar. If you order a project from professional architects, you will receive two packages with drawings. KMD - these are the main drawings according to which metal structures for the construction of a hangar will be manufactured at the plant. KM - for those enterprises that manufacture metal structures using LSTK technology.
Hangar construction
First you need to decide where the future building will be located. On average, hangars have a width of 5 m, they are about 20 m in length. It is imperative to take into account that the terrain must be dry and perfectly even. At the initial stage, you need to establish a foundation. This is often a site made of concrete. This is a good alternative to the foundation in the construction of frame hangars.
In addition, such a base is very easy if necessary to remove and move to another place. After that, it is necessary to make holes in the site with which the hangar will be fixed.
Metal construction
Before you begin installing the hangar, you need to make sure that the detailed drawing is completely ready. The simplest type of construction is a hangar with vertical walls. But, as you know, only arched construction has attractiveness and convenience. That's just you can not design and build it yourself. It is best to order a turnkey frame hangar. Of course, you can make a semblance. To do this, profile pipes need to be bent to make an arch.
But to do it yourself is very difficult, since it is unlikely that you will succeed in bending equally five, or even ten pipes. As a result, the structure will turn out plain, crooked, the sheets will go unevenly. As for the spans for the arch, it is necessary to install them one and a half meters from each other. In this case, you guarantee normal structural strength. All elements of the arch must be connected using strips of steel or profile pipes. Thick-walled pipes are used in the manufacture of the entrance, and also serve as the basis of the frame.
The structure is covered with a profiled sheet on top. If you install insulation from the inside, then you can operate the building at any time of the year. At the end, installation work is carried out to assemble the roof truss profiles. Try to perform all actions carefully, strictly adhere to the given project. In this case, you will be able to create a high-quality and reliable structure that will last you for many years. At this, the manufacture of a frame hangar can be considered completed.