Building a house is a complex, multi-stage process. To perform all the work correctly, you will need to take into account many nuances. It is necessary to follow all the points of the preliminary draft, paying due attention to each of them. There are a number of tips on how to build a house. Using professional advice will make it much easier to prevent mistakes. In the article we will consider them in detail.
How to choose a site?
How to build a house from a log house, blocks or other materials? There is a phased instruction, which must be followed by professional builders. This process begins with the preparatory work. It is no less important than the erection of the house itself. It will be necessary to decide where to build the house, what it will be, how much money and materials you need to allocate for its construction.
First of all, you need to choose the right site. All subsequent work depends on this. It is important to know before buying what features the soil is characterized by, how close the ground waters are to the surface. In the agency through which the plot is most often acquired, the information may be inaccurate. Therefore, you will need to independently inquire about this, also find out what utilities are located on the site.
Considering how to properly build a house from timber, aerated concrete, brick or other materials, the following can be noted. Each object is built on a foundation. It may be different, depending on the geological features of the site. To identify them, it is best to order a specialized company to carry out relevant intelligence work.
Before buying a plot, it is advisable to talk with neighbors. From them you can learn many important facts that the agency may be silent about. Blindly believe everything said in such companies is not worth it.
If the slope of the plot is significant, you will have to build additional retaining walls for the house, and this is already very costly. Therefore, it is preferable to purchase a plot with a flat surface.
Do not buy unfinished housing. This does not facilitate the process of building a house. In this case, problems may arise when choosing a project that will need to be tied to an existing foundation. If the base is in unsatisfactory condition, it will have to be strengthened, which will lead to additional costs.
It is profitable to acquire land in a club village. Here the streets are cleaned, snow is cleared, etc. After acquiring a plot, it is recommended to immediately fence it off. Next, it is determined in which zone the construction site will be located, garbage will be stored. The earth can be protected in advance from concrete, waste products of combustion.
Project selection
Correctly building a house from aerated concrete, timber or other material - this means: an optimally selected project, a clear budget estimate. Depending on the type of material, the number of storeys of the building is determined .
In order to save budget funds on the project, it is necessary to take into account a number of recommendations. Professional builders argue that building a house according to the standard plan will cost much less. Custom development is more expensive.
The project must be purchased from a reputable company with a good reputation. Only after you have in your hands all of its sections, agreed upon in the relevant authorities, can you begin construction. It is desirable that the height of the ceilings in the rooms is normal. For living rooms, this figure is at least 3 m, and for the basement - 2.8 m.
Before starting to build a house, it would be correct to pay attention to some features of the project. It is advisable that it has one or more dressing rooms, a sauna (maybe a small one), a separate wash basin in the garage. This greatly increases the comfort of the residents.
During the preparatory work, the decorative decoration of the premises is also considered.
If the building is non-standard, this entails additional costs during construction. Therefore, it is better to choose a house of rectangular or square shape with one or two floors. It depends on the preferences of the hosts.
Many developers claim that two-story houses are more beautiful, they allow you to choose a different layout. The costs of building the foundation, roofing will be less, since the structure in this case is more compact. In addition, the heat loss of the two-story houses is lower, and a wonderful view of the surroundings opens from the upper windows. If the site is relatively small, such a building will save space.
The absence of stairs in the premises speaks in favor of one-story houses, which is important if the house has elderly people or small children. It is more profitable to build an attic than to build a second floor.
Landscape design
How to build a house from a brick or log house? It is important to think through every detail. Landscaping is no exception. Better to entrust this work to professionals. In this case, the house on the site will be located correctly in accordance with the cardinal points. Also, this will ensure high-quality insulation, comfort indoors.
Also, during the creation of landscape design, it is planned to lay all the necessary engineering communications. A detailed scheme of pipelines and power systems is created.
During the development of the site plan, attention is paid to soil drainage, retaining walls, if necessary, as well as flat areas for recreation and parking.
It is important to ensure the preservation of green spaces, which cannot be planted over communication systems. You can also envisage which plants to place in sunny areas and which in the shade.
Projects of both the house itself and landscape design are coordinated with the relevant architectural authorities. To build a house with your own hands correctly, you need to get permission, and this requires a master and cadastral plan with a scheme for future housing. In this case, the project is recognized as complying with certain norms and rules and may be legalized.
How to choose building materials?
Correctly build a house from aerated concrete is much easier than from other materials. It is important to master the laying of walls, and the remaining steps are performed by standard methods. It is worth making the correct calculation, making an estimate of the costs. In accordance with the plan, the required amount of all building materials is calculated. Do not save on them. Otherwise, the building will not meet all the requirements, it will not be durable, strong. Exterior and interior decoration will not be attractive.
All building materials that are of high quality must have certificates, manufacturers warranties. They must always be requested from the seller. Subsequently, the availability of relevant documentation helps to resolve contentious issues, if any.
It is better to purchase everything you need in advance. Otherwise, the construction process may be delayed, because the required materials will not be enough. We need to think through everything to the smallest detail.
It is advised to purchase ready-made solutions, as they have special additives in the correct proportions. Thermal insulation materials must be selected from environmentally friendly materials. It is worth remembering that even polystyrene can bite the mouse. If there is such a threat, you need to choose bulk materials for insulation, so that pests can not create their nests here, gnaw passages.
Considering how to properly build a house roof with your own hands, it is worth noting that slate is not recommended for roofing materials. It is quite heavy and will increase the mass of the entire building. It is better to choose light, modern materials for decoration. They have high quality, durability.
Foundation
Having solved all organizational issues, we are building the foundation of the house correctly. This is the basis of the entire building. The durability of the structure depends on its quality. Otherwise, the operation of the house will become unsafe. If the facade is fragile, not corresponding to the weight of the building, the building will not serve for a long time.
If you want to save on the construction of a new house, do not build a basement. It is best to make a basement or create a tiled foundation. Another rational method is the installation of holes for supplying various communications even at the stage of foundation construction.
It is better to think through everything to the smallest detail even at the stage of creating the project.
Considering how to properly build a house from foam blocks, you need to consider that the type of foundation depends on the weight of the building. Also be sure to take into account the type of soil on the site. Most often, buildings are erected on a strip or column foundation. It can also be pile or tiled.
Standard projects of a house of brick, stone, foam blocks imply construction on a strip foundation. In this case, a trench is excavated, which corresponds to all partitions of the building. Next, a sand and gravel cushion is arranged, a layer of waterproofing is lined. After that, cement mortar is poured into the formwork. The foundation must provide for the presence of ventilation holes.
The pillar foundation is suitable for a small, relatively light country house. It can be built of timber or beams using frame technology. In this case, holes are excavated in the ground, into which a sand-gravel pillow is poured, and waterproofing is lined. You can make columns of cement or brick.
A pile foundation will be appropriate if the soil is loose or groundwater comes close to the surface. In this case, long metal piles are driven into the ground.
It is important to equip the foundation below the level of soil freezing in the area. Otherwise, the foundation may be destroyed in the winter.
Box Building Tips
How to build a private house with your own hands, you will need to consider in detail. To perform the necessary work, you need to prepare all the tools. Without a building level, level, plumb, as well as a two-meter level can not do.
It is imperative that the walls (regardless of the type of material) are perfectly vertical. Even a slight slope will lead to adverse effects. Overlapping should be perfectly horizontal.
In order to properly build a house out of timber, the material must be quality dried. Otherwise, significant deformations will appear over time. Therefore, saving on the quality of the timber is highly not recommended. Moreover, all elements of the natural array must be treated with a flame retardant and antiseptic. This is a mandatory safety requirement.
Brick walls need to be built from varieties of materials that are not exposed to adverse weather conditions. The thickness of the walls depends on the climate. To mix the cement mortar, it is recommended to use a concrete mixer.
Foam blocks require high-quality external decoration. This is a fairly lightweight and easy to process material. It is characterized by high thermal insulation characteristics.
After the construction of ceilings, they should not be loaded immediately. For the decoration of the building from the outside, only high-quality modern materials are used that can give an aesthetic appearance to housing. At this point, estimates are not worth saving. It is simpler, faster and cheaper to build walls using frame technology. This is a fairly common option, which is very popular today. The cost of erecting a box in this case is half the price.
Roofing
There are several recommendations on how to properly build a house roof. Experienced developers agree that the most reliable is a gable or single-pitch construction. The less it has joints, kinks, the less chance of leaks. Roofs with a complex configuration require repair much more often.
It is also worth noting that structures with a large number of elements are more expensive. Therefore, in order to save money, a simple design should be provided for in the plan. It will be practical, easy to maintain and durable.
Considering the recommendations on how to properly build a house from blocks, bricks, it is worth noting that the rafter system is most often built from wooden beams. When installing a roofing pie, it is also necessary to mount dormer-windows.
If the attic will be equipped, it will be necessary to qualitatively insulate the roof. For this, thermal insulation with a thickness of at least 25-30 cm is used. To prevent the weight of the structure from increasing, it is worthwhile to use soft roofing materials for decoration. In this case, the crate will be solid, made of boards. The metal tile will weigh more than this material. In addition, raindrops will drum on solid material. This creates discomfort. To avoid this, you need to mount a noise insulation layer, which leads to additional costs.
Even on roofs with a slight slope, snow restraints are installed. The slope angle of the slopes is selected in accordance with the climate in the area. Wind and snow load are taken into account.
Facade
When studying how to build a house out of brick, foam blocks, other materials, you should pay attention to the facade decoration. For a log house, this is not required. This material is characterized by good thermal insulation qualities. But for stone - you need to perform additional decoration. For a house of foam blocks, this is a must. This material is lightweight and easy to handle.
When using plaster, a beautiful facade finish is obtained. It is also necessary to create a layer of thermal insulation, waterproofing. This will avoid the occurrence of heat loss. The house will not heat up in the warm season and cool in the winter. For the facade, special paint is used. It does not fade, does not collapse under the influence of moisture. It is better not to use stucco like horizontal bark beetle for the decoration of the facade. Dirt will accumulate in the recesses.
If you plan to decorate the facade with green spaces, hooks and special supports are created for them in the wall. They will hold the curly stems of plants or directly flowerpots.
Interior decoration
Considering how to build a house, it is worth paying attention to the interior decoration. To perform all the "wet" work in the room, you will need to choose the appropriate period. It should be warm and dry outside. This ensures that fungus and mold do not flourish in the house, and the decoration does not exfoliate.
How to build a house? Experienced developers argue that interior decoration needs to be given sufficient attention at the planning stage. In the nursery and bedroom, it is worth giving preference when finishing with natural materials. They should not emit toxic substances. In the nursery, do not glue the wallpaper, as the kids can easily damage them.
Not everyone likes painted walls. Handprints, fingerprints can quickly appear on surfaces.
In the hall and corridors it is better to line the floor with ceramic tiles imitating parquet. It is much more practical. Such a coating will be durable, easy to maintain. In this tile is not afraid of moisture.
For the ceiling, it is better to choose a suspended or suspended structure. They will hide all communications under the finish.
Stairs
Among the many recommendations on how to build a house, there are tips that developers give about the arrangement of the stairs. Adequate space should be allocated for it. The stairs will carry furniture, so it should be wide enough. At the same time, moving around such a structure should be safe, especially when there are children.
The frame is best made of metal. Steps can be made wooden. The angle of inclination of the stairs should be 30-40º, and the height of the steps is 15 cm. Two-march structures are the most convenient during operation.