The peculiarities of the Siberian climate make it impossible to grow fruit tree varieties in this area, for which the middle strip of Russia is the natural growth medium. Attempts to achieve a harvest or at least cultivate European species of fruit trees in this territory were made by the first immigrants from the Russian hinterland who decided to settle here. Unfortunately, planting apple trees in Siberia did not give positive results. Often, young seedlings could not endure the first winter colds and died, without even entering the flowering phase. It became clear that you need to create a completely new variety of wood that will be able to withstand low-temperature conditions for a sufficiently long period of time. The result of many years of efforts by breeders are several varieties of frost-resistant plants. Now planting apple trees in Siberia provides high productivity comparable to the fertility of trees grown in temperate climatic regions of Russia.
One of the varieties of cold-resistant trees that have worked well is Altai purple. This is a short tree, bringing apples weighing from 57 g to 74 g of a rounded shape. The color of the fruit has a greenish-yellow color with a characteristic reddish blush. Planting apple trees in Siberia of the species "Altai purple" will bring gardeners the maximum yield - up to 134 kg from one tree, which can be harvested already in mid-September.
Round fruits with a pleasant sweet and sour taste and a mass of 62-80 g will give the Yermakovskoye Mountain variety. These trees with a small crown can withstand frosts that reach -51 degrees. Unlike "Altai purple", this variety has a significant drawback - a very high degree of shedding of apples. The tree begins to bear fruit at the end of summer, from one plant it is possible to collect up to 93 kg, with an average yield of 35 kg.
Planting apple trees in Siberia using the "bayan" variety will provide the gardener with fruit for the 4th year after planting. This variety has a high degree of resistance to frost. The first apples can be harvested in early September. A feature that determines the degree of maturity of the fetus is the appearance of a purple coating on its surface. The size of the fruit is about 140 g. With a good harvest, up to 74 kg can be removed from one tree of the Bayan variety.
In order for the seedling to take root and subsequently begin to give the gardener a quality crop, the correct planting of the apple tree must be observed. For tall varieties with spreading crowns, the following conditions must be adhered to: seedlings should be located at a distance of 4 m from each other in a row, and between the rows themselves should be at least 5 meters. A hole for a tree is formed with a depth of 60 cm with a diameter of 1 m. Then superphosphate and potassium sulfate are added to the excavated soil - 60 g of each fertilizer per total soil volume. The same mixture is mixed with a pair of humus buckets. Planting apples and pears is no different. If desired, you can apply nitrofoska or azofoska in an amount of 100 g, but not more. Otherwise, an excess of mineral fertilizers can adversely affect the root system of the seedling.