Modern construction, as a rule, uses one of the three main structural schemes - frame, frameless and combined. Wireframe
the scheme is used in the construction of industrial buildings, and frameless and combined - mainly for residential.
Frameless circuit
The frameless scheme is such a structure in which the main structural element is the supporting wall; in combination, it can be a protecting and dividing element. Depending on the location of the walls, frameless schemes are divided, in turn, into longitudinal, transverse and mixed types.
Bearing walls are usually located around the perimeter of the building and in the middle. In addition to strength and the ability to withstand significant loads, the supporting wall, which is also a protective element, must have heat-saving characteristics. what
As for the walls inside the building, they, in addition to holding elements located on top, divide the space into sections. Therefore, internal load-bearing walls should have such characteristics as high sound insulation and the ability to dampen the
shock wave.
Wall materials
For the construction of buildings, various building materials are used, however, it is not difficult to choose several undoubted leaders. First of all, it is, of course, reinforced concrete. As a rule, the bearing wall in any traditional high-rise building is made of this building material. If we were talking about a frame building, then there would be no doubt - wall panels would be hung on load-bearing elements - columns - and would fulfill their protective and protective function. However, to withstand tremendous loads, you can’t do with ready-made concrete panels - therefore, any internal load-bearing wall of the house is a monolithic reinforced element; the same applies to external load-bearing walls.
Another building material that is often used in the construction of non-industrial buildings is, of course, brick. The “well” technology is often used when a kind of fencing is made of brick (two parallel rows with space in the middle), and the distance between them is filled with lightweight concrete or other filler, depending on what characteristics it should have
future design. However, in order to facilitate the process of building construction, ready-made brick blocks are made, so everyone chooses the best option for their own home. In order for the load-bearing
brick wall to withstand significant loads without deformation and destruction, the masonry is reinforced with steel rods or nets. The location of the reinforcement depends on factors such as
wall thickness and type of masonry.
Wireframe diagram
However, load-bearing walls can also be found in a building with a frame design. Any industrial structure certainly has an extension - an administrative building with two or three floors. Despite the fact that the main supporting elements in the administrative building are columns, the so-called “stiffness diaphragms” give strength to the structure - the walls are thicker than partitions, which take on a certain load transferred from the elements located on them.