Drainage systems are water traps. They are mounted where you need to divert excess water. Conditions for water drainage are created in the trench into which the drainage pipes fit. These conditions include the creation of sand and gravel cushions between which a drainage pipe is laid. To prevent sand and gravel from mixing during operation, they are separated by geotextiles, which do not rot, pass water and trap particles of soil and sand. The entire drainage cake is also insulated with geotextile to separate it from the ground.
made of polyethylene. Asbestos cement or concrete may be used. It has a perforation through which water enters the soil from it. To protect against siltation, it is wrapped with geotextiles. Trenching is done so that there is a bias towards the spillway. As a spillway, the nearest pond or water well can be used, from which water is periodically pumped. Since the drainage system is a kind of filter, this water can be used for technical needs.
When protecting the foundation of the house, they dig a trench 20 centimeters below the foundation with a slope of 3-4 degrees. Sand is poured into it with a layer of 5 cm. You can lay out the bottom and walls with geotextiles before filling the sand. Lay another geotextile strip into which gravel with a particle size of 20-40 mm is poured with a layer of 5-10 cm. Then a perforated pipe is laid wrapped with the above-mentioned material. Again, crushed stone is poured with a layer of 30-40 cm. From above, crushed stone is covered with what was used before filling the sand into the bottom of the trench and a finishing layer of sand is poured. After that, the trench is covered with soil. After a while, he will sit down and have to pour it.
To drain water from the site using open systems. This is a system of trenches into which water leaves the soil. In some cases, with a deep occurrence of subsoil water, which makes the upper soil layers unstable, vertical drainage is used, pumping water out.
In more complex cases, the project takes into account the causes of flooding of the territory and the facilities built on its basis should eliminate the causes of flooding. In this case, the shape and size of the territory with the peculiarities of groundwater movement are taken into account. The capacity of aquifers and their filtration properties are important. The sources and receivers of groundwater are determined. Predictions of rise and decline as a result of the implementation of protective measures are made. Options are compared and a drainage system is selected.