Electric radiator: types, classification, prices. Calculation of the required power

Over time, water heaters are a thing of the past, since they came up with a worthy replacement - an electric radiator. In this article, varieties of such household appliances, the principle of their operation and prices will be considered.

Principle of operation

An electric radiator heats the surrounding space through convection (creating a permanent air heat exchange in the room) or heat.

Heating devices are characterized by the fact that several elements interact at the same time in them. Electrodes made in the form of galvanized steel or copper plates are placed in an electrolyte. The current moving through the heating element rapidly increases its temperature. As a result, the resulting heat is transferred to the working fluid, which can be mineral oil. It is characterized by good heat transfer, due to this, this liquid effectively heats the surface of the heater to maximum performance.

Fields of application

Electric heating radiators are suitable in those rooms where, due to the cold outside, the temperature is low during the period when the heating season has not yet begun. It also happens that the heating system does not function properly.

These devices are relevant in buildings equipped with modern heating systems, where various interruptions often occur. For this reason, it is necessary to maintain the required temperature regime. In this case, we are talking about cottages, country houses and apartments with centralized heating.

Benefits

Electric heating has a number of undeniable advantages:

• Any electric radiator is powered by a standard 220 volts.
• From several radiators you can always make a multi-section system. And most importantly, this will not require large financial costs, and the premises will warm up as quickly as possible.
• Electric home radiators look aesthetically pleasing, so they fit perfectly into any interior.
• Heating appliances are compact in size, respectively, do not take up much space. Their installation will not require additional equipment and special skills. In addition, they do not dry the air.
• Radiators equipped with special software will be an ideal option for rooms that are limited in terms of mains supply. With a good power source, the radiators will function even without the direct involvement of a person.
• An electric radiator is environmentally friendly - during operation it does not harm the environment, does not create noise, and most importantly, there are no combustion products.
• These devices are safe in every sense.
• For each specific room, taking into account its area, you can adjust the optimal temperature and select the required number of sections.
• In winter, this is an ideal option, especially if an accident occurs on the heating network.
• Using these heaters, you can heat rooms where, according to safety rules, it is forbidden to use other sources of heat.
• If one device fails, the system will still function.

It is important to note that the heating system option must be chosen at the design stage of the building.

Classification

Currently, electric heating appliances are quite in demand, they are produced in many countries, respectively, the assortment on the market is very diverse. By location and size, these devices can be divided into:

• electric wall radiators;
• ceiling fixtures;
• outdoor devices.

There are other varieties - for example, narrow skirting devices, glass, ceramic radiators, as well as devices placed in the floor structure.

A type

By the method of transferring thermal energy and by design features, the following types of these devices are distinguished.

• Electric convector.
• Electric oil cooler.
• Infrared heater.
• Fan heater.

Electric convectors

The main advantage of electric convectors is the ease of installation and use (it is enough to have an electrical outlet nearby). In the process of their use, it is necessary to take into account the moment that the power of the heater should not exceed the power of the power source.

Convectors are designed according to the principle of natural circulation of air flow. In other words, the heating of cold air occurs inside the heating element of the heater, then it leaves the grill located at the top.

Devices of this type do not heat up to temperatures above 60 ° C. For this reason, they are used only to maintain a certain temperature in the room.

Oil devices

Electric oil heating radiators look like classic batteries, but their cavity is filled with oil heated to boiling point.

The main advantage of this unit is the ability to heat up to a temperature of 100-150 ° C and to heat the rooms well. However, there is a significant drawback - the risk of getting a burn from its surface.

There are various models of devices of this type: with installed thermostats and fans, which allow you to adjust the temperature in a room with a large number of sections. Therefore, choosing electric oil heating radiators, it is worth consulting with specialists.

Infrared radiators

These heating devices are presented in the form of rectangular panels that are fixed to the ceiling. Heating in radiators occurs by converting thermal energy into electromagnetic waves in the infrared spectrum.

When choosing infrared radiators, it should be borne in mind that the low power and small size of the unit will not allow heating a large room. Therefore, this equipment is purchased in large quantities, evenly distributing on the ceiling of the premises.

Heat fan

This device consists of two main elements: a fan and a heater. Due to the fan, the air flow passes through the heating element or a special chamber. The heated air is moved by the fan and enters the room.

The main advantages of this equipment are the rapid heating of the room and the maintenance of the required temperature over large areas.

There are more disadvantages: the fan heater cannot be used in rooms with high humidity, during its operation, oxygen is burned in the room, a significant energy consumption is recorded .

Which radiator is best for home?

Regardless of whether you live in a suburban private house or in a city apartment, the question of comfortable life in the cold season is especially acute. Buying and installing an electric heating radiator wall, ceiling or floor is the most effective way to protect against freezing in the colder months.

Power calculation

On average, a radiator with a power of 1 kW is required to heat a room measuring 10 m ² and a ceiling height of 3 meters. If it is planned to use the heater as an additional heat source, the power of the device is selected depending on the temperature difference, which needs to be compensated.

Also, when calculating, a number of the following factors should be taken into account:

• Thickness and material of exterior walls.
• The number of window openings, their location and size.
• Type of glazing.
• Ceiling construction (especially the ceiling of the upper floor and the first floor).

Thus, when purchasing an electric heating radiator wall, floor or ceiling, it is necessary to take into account possible heat loss. If you decide to approach the heating of the house thoroughly, it is still advisable to consult with specialists who will determine where and which appliances should be installed, and will take into account the architectural features of the building.

Electric radiator: price

Consider the most popular models of electric radiators and their prices. Using the table, you can also calculate how many appliances are needed to heat a room with a standard wall height, it is enough to know its area.

Conclusion

The range of modern heating equipment is quite wide - electric radiators, wall, floor, ceiling, convectors, infrared heaters, etc. Therefore, to summarize, it is worth noting that for heating one room you will need only one electric heater. And if you install it near the window, you can prevent excessive heat loss - the thermal curtain formed in this place will provide comfortable conditions in the room.