Tomatoes have always been the most frequently grown crop in the Russian regions. One of the most popular varieties of tomatoes for the greenhouse are the following: Hurricane F1, Blagovest F1, Typhoon F1, Kostroma F1, tomato Bull's heart, Novelty of Prenistria and others. But even experienced gardeners can make mistakes when growing them. In this article, you will learn how to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse correctly.
We are preparing a greenhouse
First of all, you should prepare a greenhouse.
To do this, thoroughly disinfect it in the fall, in the spring, rinse the glass both inside and out. Two weeks before planting seedlings, cover the film greenhouse with a new film, so the soil warms up faster, then spill the soil well with water, this will reduce the concentration of previous fertilizers. Next, disinfect the soil with a solution of copper sulfate, which is prepared at the rate of 1 tablespoon per 5 liters of water, and dilute the solution in hot water, and then fertilize.
In the spring, about two weeks before planting seedlings, fertilize the soil. Carefully read the instructions for breeding mineral fertilizers written on the packaging. You can fertilize the soil with complex fertilizers "Kemira" or "Mortar." Tomatoes for the greenhouse will grow better if you add part of black peat to the bucket to retain moisture in the soil.
Planting seedlings .
Typically, in Russia, tomato seedlings are planted in a greenhouse in early May. If your greenhouse is covered with a second layer of film, then you can plant seedlings on April 25th. Carefully inspect the soil, if it is loamy and poorly warmed, then plant seedlings no earlier than May 15. Also consider the air temperature, it should be at least 14 degrees heat.
Until the seedlings are planted, you can plant the first greens along the edges of the beds: lettuce, Beijing cabbage, radishes and others.
To maintain the desired temperature, equip the greenhouse with two thermometers. Before planting seedlings, spray it to prevent the appearance of brown spots and late blight. Spraying is done with a one percent solution of vitriol and copper chloride.
Next mark the wells. In each well, put a piece of humus, baked ash and crushed superphosphate. Then fill the wells with water. Ordinary seedlings are planted vertically, and overgrown in an inclined direction. Do not compact or water the soil to prevent the appearance of a surface crust. After a few days, the grown tomatoes are tied up.
Garter Tomatoes.
Tomatoes for the greenhouse are tied with twine to a special wire that is attached under the roof of the greenhouse. So the distance between the plants will increase, they will be easier to form, and the fruits will receive enough sunlight. For the formation of tomatoes, do not forget to remove the lateral shoots of the plant, pinch them at the growth point and remove part of the leaves. Remember that medium and tall tomatoes in a greenhouse are formed in different ways.
Features of growing tomatoes in a greenhouse.
Tomatoes are self-pollinating culture. Lack of sunlight, low air temperature can make fertilization difficult. High light on the contrary will contribute to the growth and formation of pollen. The optimum temperature regime is 23-26 degrees of heat. Low light and high humidity can lead to falling of the flower and the lack of fetal setting. In the morning you need to ventilate the greenhouse, such a measure will improve pollination of plants. Once a day, gently shake the plants and water the tracks to moisturize the air.
Tomatoes for the greenhouse are watered rarely and plentifully, mainly in the morning. In spring, watering is done once every 10 days, in the summer 1 time per week. It is necessary to water the plants under the root with cool water. After watering, open the greenhouse and ventilate it. For a good harvest, do not forget to regularly feed tomatoes.
Tomatoes for the greenhouse ripen in late August, but do not forget that the late harvested fruits can rot and blacken. In addition, tomatoes can ripen when stored properly. Remember, a good tomato crop can be obtained only by observing the rules of cultivation and with careful care of seedlings.