If you are thinking about which heat source to use in the winter in a house where there is no access to the gas main, you can pay attention to Russian long-burning pyrolysis boilers. Even if you have access to the gas supply line, the cost of fuel can be quite high. To use coal or firewood is very inconvenient, and electricity is expensive.
When to use a pyrolysis boiler
If you have the opportunity to use compressed briquettes or wood as fuel, then the installation that uses the principle of pyrolysis combustion works as the optimal solution. The efficiency of such a device is quite high, however, acquiring an industrial model may be problematic, since the prices of these units are high today. If you belong to those craftsmen for whom the manufacture of such a design is a simple process, then it is worthwhile to examine this issue in more detail.
What is pyrolysis combustion
If you are interested in a pyrolysis boiler for long burning, then this can be called very justified. It is not very convenient to use firewood as fuel, since under normal conditions they are consumed quickly, and a significant part of the heat is simply not used. This entails the need to load them into the furnace or boiler constantly. Pyrolysis, however, involves the creation of conditions under which fuel is consumed very slowly, giving off a large amount of heat. A similar effect can be achieved when the process proceeds at a low oxygen level. This allows you to get combustible gas, coke and ash. The gas in the described installation is mixed with oxygen and burns at high temperatures, generating a large amount of heat. Thus, the principle of operation of the boiler includes two stages. First, with a limited intake of air, wood burns, after which the gas-air mixture reacts. This two-stage principle of operation uses not only a pyrolysis boiler for long burning, but also wood-burning stoves, as well as solid fuel generators.
If you have a pyrolysis boiler, you will need to correctly adjust its operation, which eliminates the possibility of damage to the heating system of the house. The high cost of factory units can be called justified, this is due to the fact that when they are created, high-quality material is used that can undergo high temperatures. We are talking about 8 mm alloy steel, heat-resistant iron and fireclay clay, but this list can not be called complete. The second factor that affects high cost is a fairly sophisticated management system that ensures efficient operation. In order to achieve the maximum combustion effect, it is necessary to take into account the initial moisture content of the wood and the heating temperature, since the process of water evaporation affects the amount of energy released. To control the process, you need to control the amount of air that is supplied to the device. The long-burning pyrolysis boiler has a fan, due to which air is supplied. For its work, access to electricity is mandatory. The presence of this element turns the device into an electrically dependent unit. When disconnected, an uninterruptible power supply or similar device is used.
Design features of the pyrolysis boiler
If you will make a pyrolysis boiler for long burning, then you should familiarize yourself with its features. Among the main elements, one can distinguish the combustion chamber, pipes for the removal and supply of water, the place of installation of the fan, openings for air, smoke channels, as well as regulators. For a private house, it is recommended to use equipment with a capacity of 40 kW. If this indicator is necessary to reduce or increase, then you must change the parameters of the unit. If we are talking about a small house, then the power can vary from 25 to 30 kW. If you make small units, then you can save not only money, but also time.
Preparation before assembly
The best long-burning pyrolysis boiler is the one you make yourself. After all, you will definitely know what features it has, which means you can handle the repair if necessary. To make such a complex device, it will be necessary to prepare a wide range of materials and tools, among them an electric drill, electrodes, a grinding wheel, the diameter of which is 125 millimeters, 4 mm metal sheets, a set of profiled pipes, a fan, and a welding machine. In the latter case, it is best to use a DC model. You will need a grinder, a cutting wheel, the diameter of which is 230 millimeters, as well as a set of pipes of different diameters. The master will have to prepare several steel strips, each of which should have a different thickness and width.
Specialist advice
Long-burning pyrolysis boilers, the prices of which can be 40,000 rubles, should be made of sufficiently thick steel, for this, 4 mm sheets should be used. But in order to save money for the case, you can use 3 mm steel.
Technology of work
In this type of boiler, the feed opening should be slightly higher than conventional solid fuel boilers. It is important to install a restrictor to control the amount of air entering the fuel chamber. With it, it will be possible to report briquettes and firewood in a timely manner. For the manufacture of the limiter, you can use a pipe whose diameter is 70 millimeters, its length must exceed the length of the unit body. Homemade pyrolysis boilers for long burning should have a steel disk that is attached to the bottom of the limiter by welding. This disk will form a gap with the walls of the pipe, it should be 40 millimeters. To install the stopper in the device cover, make a hole. As for the fuel inlet, it should have a rectangular shape. It is closed with a door, which has a special metal plate, it will ensure a reliable fit. Below should be a hole for removing ash. The pipe along which the coolant will move inside the boiler must have a bend, which will improve heat transfer. It is possible to regulate the volume of coolant that enters the boiler through a valve, it is installed externally.
What to look for
Domestic pyrolysis boilers of long burning after manufacture can be started, the absence of carbon monoxide in the combustion products will indicate that the design is functioning correctly and performed accurately. During operation, you will need to regularly monitor the condition of the seams, cleaning the structure from accumulated soot and ash. Experts advise using pyrolysis boilers with air heating systems, replacing them with water heating. Air will flow through the pipes, returning along the floor. Such a system will not freeze when the temperature drops, which can happen when the owners of the house leave. In this case, you will need to drain the coolant.
Conclusion
On sale you can find pyrolysis boilers of long burning “Atmos”, their cost can be equal to 65 000 rubles. However, you can make such equipment yourself.