Fixing the foundation to the foundation is often carried out if necessary to expand the area of the house. Such a need arises even when initially there were not enough funds to build a house of the required area.
Features of the work
Before starting work, it is necessary to remember that even if a new foundation is built using the same technology and using the same materials as the old one, it will still shrink. This indicates the need to ensure between the two foundations of the sedimentary seam, its presence is mandatory. It can be argued that this will definitely prevent the formation of cracks on the walls of the main building. In order to correctly build the foundation, it is important to know the type and method of its implementation under the main building. If we are talking about a tape base, then you should know the width of the foundation. When connecting a new design to the old foundation of a columnar type of work, it is possible to start work only after it is possible to find out the dimensions of the supports and the depth of their laying.
Specialist recommendations
Fixing the foundation to the foundation should be done only taking into account the fact that the foundations should be identical. It is not recommended for the purpose of saving to build a foundation that will be cheaper than the old one, this is due to the fact that the shrinkage of different designs will be different. In order to determine the width, a steel bar should be used, which is to be bent at an angle equal to 90 0 .
In the course of pairing the foundations of buildings, it is necessary to take into account that in the spring there is a decrease in the bearing capacity of the soil, which entails an increase in the level of its moisture, and at the same time, the shrinkage capacity is further increased.
Fixing the foundation to the foundation should be done to ensure a gap, the width of which should be within 20-40 cm. In this groove, you should arrange the segments of the reinforcing bars.
Preparation of tools and materials
During the work, the master may feel the need to use the following materials and tools:
- scrap;
- steel reinforcement;
- formwork;
- shovel;
- waterproofing material, which may be roofing material or roofing;
- concrete.
Base reinforcement
To carry out the expansion of the base, a concrete solution should be used, sometimes reinforcement is added to its composition. If necessary, firmly mate two parts, one of which is the main one, and the other is new, in order to get a monolithic structure, it is necessary to carry out reinforcement work. This type of work should be carried out before pouring the base with mortar. During the reinforcement, it is necessary to weld the reinforcement of the parts that are part of the foundation. There is an alternative solution, which implies the need for drilling reinforcement bars into the old foundation.
The technology of work on the connection of foundations
Fixing the foundation to the foundation must begin with the preparation of the trench for the new foundation. It is necessary to dig a hole in parts, it is not necessary to expose the foundation along the entire length, this can cause deformation processes of previously built concrete foundations. The main house can be strengthened by applying inclined supports, while reinforcement should be used to strengthen the main foundation. For this, several holes are equipped that are necessary for fixing steel rods. Between the old and new bases it is necessary to lay roofing or other waterproofing material.
If there is a need to change the depth of the foundation, it is necessary to arrange special steps, the height of which should not be more than 50 cm. The starting step should be one meter away from the foundation. After that, you can begin to dig a trench, the depth of which should be equal to the depth of the first foundation. Now the walls and bottom of the ditch are leveled, cleaned of stones. After mounted formwork from wooden boards. Crushed stone is poured into the bottom, rammed, and then everything is poured with concrete. Once concrete has gained strength, formwork can be removed.
Fastening the beam to the base of the house
If you need to fix the beam to the foundation, then you should initially do the preparatory work. Why, during the preparation, a beam is mounted in the grillage of a tape or slab structure. It has to make holes in advance. Fixing is done by using locknuts screwed onto the stud. The fastening of the beam to the base can be carried out as follows. After it is possible to fill the base, bolts should be immersed in its upper layer, their bases may be bent or conical. Between the fasteners, a distance of 0.5 m should be left, but no more. Two bolts must be used per beam. After hardening the tape or plate, you can begin to prepare the beam. Why are holes for studs prepared in it? Then the grillage is checked for horizontal. Roofing material is laid on top of the grillage, and beams are already mounted on it. Their fastening is done on studs. For high-quality fastening, use steel angles. They are mounted on self-tapping screws.
Put a wide washer on the bolt stud and then tighten the locknuts. If you install the beam in this way, you will achieve strength and reliability.
Fixing the column to the base
If you decide to mount the columns to the foundation, then you can use a rigid or hinged mount. It can be chosen independently by the master who performs the work. If the latter type of fastening is used, then the end section will be rotated. Whereas with rigid fastening, bolts are used that prevent rotation of the sections, giving the unit stiffness characteristics. If there is a need to make the support of the column from above, then the abutment should be rigid, but the abutment on the side should be hinged, while a certain number of bolts are removed, the fasteners remain exclusively in the lower part of the interface. Thus, you can choose the most suitable node for attaching the column to the foundation.
Fastening the frame to the base
If there is a need to strengthen the frame to the base, then embedded studs should be used. The fasteners are recessed into the hardened concrete at a distance of 1.5-2 m. The waterproofing is covered with a surface, after which the underlay is screwed.
The fastening of the frame to the foundation is accompanied by the use of embedded studs in order not to disturb the geometry of the lower trim during work. It is possible to slightly change the method of fastening, which involves laying the underlay on the basement through waterproofing. A hole is made through the punch through the board in the plinth in the amount of several pieces, their dimensions should be equal to 10x150 mm, after which the reinforcement bars of 190 mm are clogged through the board.
Once you know how the racks are fastened to the foundation during the construction of a frame house, you can begin to work. Knowledge will allow the master to do all the work correctly.