Each property owner inevitably faces a cost item such as utility bills. Some owners may suspect that the sources of livelihood supplied to the apartment or house are overused for a month. To be able to control this process, you need to know the technology, how to calculate electricity consumption .
In this case, we can distinguish devices that cause large bills. With the right calculations, you can develop a plan to reduce costs. The technology of this process will be discussed in detail below.
Modern technology
Before calculating the electricity consumption , it is necessary to familiarize yourself with some of the features that modern electrical engineering has. Scientific developments in the field of the search for economical technologies have led to the creation of devices, tools that consume significantly less energy than their predecessors.
For example, the Soviet refrigerator required 2 times more energy than modern varieties with similar characteristics. Therefore, the first thing you should pay attention to is what devices are installed in the apartment. If they are old-style, it is necessary to develop a plan for their gradual replacement with new equipment.
Today, to determine the energy-saving qualities of devices, there is a certain scale. It includes the letters A, B, C, D. The first letter indicates the most economical characteristics of the device. If the device is marked with the letter G, this is a technique that consumes a lot of electricity.
Load calculation
There are several ways to calculate the energy consumption in a home. The first of these involves determining the power of household appliances. How to calculate power consumption by capacity should be considered in more detail.
For the methodology presented, it will be necessary to create a table in which all electric consumers who are in the apartment will be indicated. Next, you need to write out, according to the instructions of the manufacturers, the power of all devices.
Then the capacity is summed up. As a result, the result is the amount of electricity that all electrical appliances require if they work simultaneously. However, this situation is extremely rare. Each type of equipment only works for a certain amount of time. Therefore, real consumption differs significantly from the nominal value declared by the manufacturer.
Calculation formula
There is a certain technique that helps to understand how to calculate the energy consumption. The formula is quite simple. It looks like this:
P = M * B * C, where P is the consumer’s electricity consumption per month, M is the device’s power, B is the device’s operating time per day, and C is the number of days the equipment worked.
In the table next to the power, the real consumption values for each appliance are entered. Calculations are made on the basis of testing, as well as the instructions given for each device.
The use of a special device
Asking the question of how to calculate the energy consumption by the power of equipment , one should consider such an option as the use of special metering devices. There are stationary and local varieties of this technique.
In the first case, the meter is installed directly in the distribution panel. It measures the power consumption of all appliances connected to a common power point.
Local devices are designed to control each individual unit of equipment. On the one hand, you can get real information about the consumption of electricity by one device or another, but on the other hand, you have to consider the total value of all measuring devices. The owners of the house choose the best option on their own, at their discretion.
Main consumers
In a modern house or apartment there are several main consumers of electricity. They work almost every day, thereby accounting for most of the total cost of paying for energy.
First of all, it is necessary to allocate a refrigerator. It is included in the network 24 hours a day. His work, of course, is controlled by special devices. But this is one of the main consumers of electricity. Further on this list is an electric boiler (if it is in the apartment). It also occupies a significant place in total costs. After these two devices follow: computer, TV, as well as lighting devices.
To understand how to calculate the energy consumption for lighting , as well as the operation of all household appliances, it is necessary to pay special attention to the main consumers. It should also be noted that during the heating season for many owners this list is also supplemented by electric convectors, radiators and other similar equipment.
Lighting costs
It should be noted that if there is an overspending of electricity, as well as the need for measures to reduce electricity costs, it is first necessary to pay attention to the type of devices used in everyday life. A striking example is lighting fixtures.
To understand how to calculate power consumption by lamp power , you should compare different devices. Old varieties of illuminators consume significantly more resources. For example, to illuminate a small room, incandescent lamps with a power of about 100 watts were previously used.
Today, other devices are used for such purposes. An energy-saving lamp is able to produce the same radiation flux as the device presented, but consume only 15 watts.
If you add up the sum of all the old-style consumers used in the apartment, and then calculate the savings from the use of LED, fluorescent lamps, the choice becomes obvious.
Refrigerator
Today, perhaps, there is not a single family that would not use a refrigerator. This equipment is considered one of the main consumers of electricity. Therefore, during its development, technologists try to find the most economical principles of its work.
Many manufacturers indicate the average value of energy resources that a refrigerator can consume per year. This number for small models is about 250 kW, and for volume models up to 500 kW. The monthly consumption, respectively, is 21 and 45 kW.
Other household appliances
To make it easier to understand how to calculate electricity consumption , it is necessary to consider the average values consumed by household appliances in normal conditions. An average computer consumes about 30 kW per month while working about 2 hours a day.
A washing machine can consume at 4 washes per month in medium conditions about 10 kW. But with an increase in the frequency and intensity of its actions, this indicator will increase.
Iron and electric kettle are almost at the same level in energy consumption. They are not used so often. But even boiling the kettle 5 times a day, for a month you can pay for 20 kW of electricity. Iron, which is used 6 times a month, can consume 15 kW in 30 days.
These facts should be taken into account when calculating electricity consumption. If the owners began to receive large bills for energy, you should know how to calculate electricity consumption. This will help reduce costs in the future.