Each construction, whether it is the construction of a house, a country cottage, a summer residence or a garage, requires the correct calculation of materials, in particular the number of bricks in 1 m2 of masonry. This will provide an opportunity to optimize costs. Having completed the calculations, you will be able to purchase the building brick for the construction of the entire facility in full. When carrying out the calculation, the percentage of defective or broken material should be taken into account. Typically, this factor is 7% of the procurement lot. In addition, it is necessary to determine the thickness of the walls of the future structure. It depends on the climatic conditions of the area where the building is located. It is better to purchase products from one batch, as in another they may have differences in shades.
Standard dimensions and their name
Brick, which has a normal format and is marked with the NF marking, is characterized by dimensions of 25 x 12 x 6.5 cm. According to Gosstandart, a face measuring 25 x 12 cm is called a bed. A side with dimensions of 25 x 6.5 cm is called a spoon, and 12 x 6.5 cm is called a poke.
Varieties of bricks
When calculating how many bricks are in 1 m2 of masonry, the type of product from which construction will be carried out should be taken into account. Only in this way can the exact amount of material be calculated.
Building brick happens:
- single, measuring 250 x 120 x 65 mm;
- one and a half - 250 x 120 x 88 mm;
- double - 250 x 120 x 138 mm.
During the construction, all varieties of this material are used, but a single look is best for cladding. A building with such decoration looks most aesthetically pleasing.
Masonry Methods
The brick consumption depends on the methods of laying the building material. The fastest and most economical method to build a house is to build it “in half a brick” (the spoon is located out). The wall in this case will have a thickness of 12 cm. When building in this way, the amount of brick per 1 m2 of masonry is saved up to two times. However, a house built using this option needs to be insulated.
The bricklaying method is when the material is pushed to the outside. Then the wall thickness is 25 cm. The consumption of brick per m2 of masonry in this case increases. Walls with this method are able to withstand any load distributed evenly.
The building will be more durable, the walls of which have a thickness of 38 cm. This is the size of the brickwork “one and a half”.
The most popular method is the construction of cottages or other buildings with walls of 51 cm. This thickness is obtained with the method of laying "two" bricks.
Buildings with walls of 64 cm are more durable, durable and do not need to be insulated. Thickness is formed by bricklaying “in two and a half”.
If you carry out the laying of a full-bodied product with air layers, a width of 5 to 8 cm, its consumption is reduced by approximately 20%. It is possible to reduce the amount of material used for well laying of walls, which is laid out in two parallel rows “in half a brick”. They are interconnected by vertical or transverse jumpers. The formed wells are filled with insulation material. To reduce precipitation, dry filling is poured with a lime solution through 35–45 cm.
Calculation of a building product
After determining the wall thickness of the future building, they begin to calculate the amount of brick needed for its construction, multiplying the length along the perimeter by the height of each surface. Then, the openings of doors and windows are subtracted from the result and the area of the brick wall is obtained .
The basis for the calculations is the standard amount: 480 pieces of brick, measuring 250 x 120 x 65 mm, per 1 m 2 . All calculations during the construction of various buildings are based on this indicator and the method of masonry. The erection of the wall "in half a brick" using the punch method requires twice as much material consumption as the spoon method.
To find out the number of bricks in 1 m2 of brickwork, it is necessary to divide 480 into 4 (length of the product is 25 cm, 4 pcs. Per 1 meter). We get 120 pieces. For the construction of a warm house, the consumption should be multiplied by 2 or 2.5 times, and for the erection of the fence to be reduced by half.
Calculation of facing material
There are types of material that differ in their dimensions from the usual standard sizes.
The standard of the glazed product is 220 x 105 x 48 mm, and the large-format product is 327 x 102 x 215 mm. This is a very fragile brick and it is used halfway. It is difficult to make its exact calculation. And yet, the number of bricks in 1 m2 of masonry will be 95 pieces, and large-format - 14 pieces.
Facing products do not have certain standard sizes. Therefore, the calculation of the amount per 1 m 2 is made separately for each type.
Brick calculation using mortar
When carrying out calculations, a mortar seam is taken into account, the standard thickness of which is 1 cm. But everyone uses it not the same way. And in order to calculate accurately, it is necessary to subtract 10% of the number of products per 1 m 2 - and the result is ready. This applies only to standard dimensions. When calculating a facing or double brick, the error will be 5%. Brick consumption per 1 m 2 of half-brick masonry using mortar will be:
- red building - 54 pcs.;
- standard facing - 85 pcs.;
- large format - 13, the amount increases every 3 meters by 14 pcs.
So, to determine the amount of brick to build, you must:
- Calculate the perimeter of the structure.
- Calculate the area of external walls (multiply the length by the height of the wall and take the area of the openings of windows and doors).
- Choose a laying method.
- Determine the number of products for construction (multiply the area of walls by the number of bricks in 1 m 2 of the selected masonry).