Constitutional law of Russia is customarily considered in 3 aspects: as a science, a branch of law, and academic discipline. As a science, it studies the constitutional norms that arise in relation to their action relationships and institutions. As a branch of law - with the help of constitutional norms it regulates relations in society. It also acts as a discipline based on science.
Subject and Methods
Constitutional law of Russia regulates the most important relations in all spheres of public life: in the economy, politics, social and spiritual fields. Moreover, only fundamental principles, fundamental rights, duties and freedoms are established in the norms. The source of this right is the Constitution, which establishes the constitutional foundations of the Russian Federation - the structure of the state, the organization of state power, relations between the state and people.
As methods are used: permissions, establishment of rights, prohibition, responsibility, assignment of duties, etc.
Features of constitutional norms
- regulate only the most important relationships;
- the only source is the Constitution;
- all legislative acts must comply with them.
Constitutional and legal relations: subjects, objects and content
Subjects may include;
- Russia
- her people;
- state authorities;
- public associations ;
- legal entities, etc.
Object - relations regulated by constitutional law.
The content of legal relations is constituted by the rights and obligations arising in connection with the operation of constitutional norms.
Constitutional law of Russia is the main of the existing branches, consisting of legal norms, regulating relations arising in connection with the need for unity of the whole society and fixing the constitutional foundations of the Russian Federation, its federal structure, the status of citizens, and the organization of state bodies.
Constitutional norms
Regulation is carried out through the norms that are enshrined in the Constitution of the country, have the highest yursila and direct action. Legislative acts of the Russian Federation (codes, laws, decrees, etc.) must not contradict them.
Constitutional rights and freedoms
The Constitution is devoted to them chapter 2, consisting of 47 articles. They are all subdivided into groups into:
- political;
- personal
- economic;
- cultural;
- social.
Politicians include the right to elect, to be elected, the right to hold demonstrations and rallies, to participate in the administration of affairs at the national level, etc.
To personal - the right to life, personal inviolability and freedom, to judicial protection, freedom of speech, thought and conscience, privacy.
To social, economic, cultural - the right to private property, to work, rest, freedom of creativity, education, freedom of enterprise, etc.
The Constitution guarantees the equal rights of citizens regardless of gender, race, religion and belief, etc.
An environmental group is also starting to form.
Any citizen of the Russian Federation has a set of rights: those that are generally recognized, which are enshrined in international acts; and inherent only to citizens of this state. The rights of citizens determine the content and meaning of legislation, the activities of the executive and legislative branches.
Personal rights form the basis of their legal status and for the most part are not subject to restriction. They should not be violated by other persons, and if this happens, the law provides for liability.
The constitutional law of Russia is the main industry, the constitution of the state and the organization of state bodies are regulated with the help of the Constitution, they establish relations between the state and the individual, are general and are specified in other branches of law.