Good sound insulation is required inside any room. This applies to any walls and partitions in the building.
As you know, sound waves propagate and pass through obstacles. To delay them, you need to reduce their pressure. For this, special materials are used. They are selected depending on the sound insulation index. The most popular today are special panels.
Mineral wool panels
The structure of mineral wool is fibrous. It is made from silicate melts, which are made from rocks, slags, various mixtures.
The advantages of such panels include:
- good heat and sound insulation;
- incombustibility;
- ecological cleanliness;
- resistance to mold, fungi, bacteria;
- lack of shrinkage (the dimensions of the panels do not change during the entire period of operation);
- lack of deformations when exposed to temperature;
- lack of corrosion activity (that is, metal objects that come in contact with mineral wool do not rust).
Of the disadvantages of soundproofing sandwich panels, the following are distinguished:
- loss of thermal insulation properties over time;
- hygroscopicity;
- large mass;
- vapor permeability;
- the need to wear a respirator during installation;
- the ability to carry out installation only in the absence of precipitation.
All these nuances must be taken into account.
Fiberglass panels
Such material is also called glass wool. It resembles mineral wool. This is due to the fact that mineral fibers are included in the composition. Production technology also has similarities, which affects the properties of materials.
The advantages include:
- good heat and sound insulation;
- elasticity and strength;
- resistance to aggressive chemical compounds;
- light weight;
- incombustibility;
- environmental friendliness;
- resistance to vibrations.
The disadvantages of soundproofing panels for walls include:
- hygroscopicity;
- caking;
- sintering when exposed to high temperature (more than 400 ° C);
- weathering.
Such features must be considered when choosing such panels.
From expanded polystyrene
Panels are made from polystyrene and its derivatives. It turns out gas-filled material.
The advantages of such plates include:
- good heat and sound insulation;
- resistance to bacteria, mold, fungi;
- long preservation of properties, even if the material is in contact with water for a long time;
- lack of deformations with sharp changes in temperature;
- light weight;
- incombustibility;
- environmental friendliness;
- good adhesion to most materials;
- durability.
But at the same time, styrofoam soundproofing panels for walls can provoke an allergic reaction. Another minus is that they eventually become colored under the influence of ultraviolet rays. They can be damaged by rodents and birds. In addition, they are fire hazard.
ZIPS panels
ZIPS (soundproof panel system of the frameless type) are 2-type panels with a thickness of 4-12 cm and a finishing layer of plasterboard 1.25 cm. To fix the products, vibration damping units are built in, where you need to screw the dowels.
Such sandwich panels include sheets of gypsum fiber with a layer of fiberglass (a variant called "Shumostop") or mineral fiber ("Shumanet") for sound absorption.
Types of ZIPS panels
Their varieties are as follows:
- ZIPS-floor system. Designed to reduce shock and airborne noise. Includes a sandwich panel with vibration mounts, as well as Soundline-dB. This is an acoustic material of 3 layers. In addition, plywood coating is provided. Before installing such panels, you must carefully level the floor.
- ZIPS-III-Ultra. There are 4.25 cm thick sandwich panels (they contain gypsum fiber and Shumostop), as well as acoustic gypsum board. This is best suited for plaster, brick, concrete partitions, walls.
- Soundproofing wall panel ZIPS-vector. The total thickness is 5.3 cm. At the same time, sandwich panels occupy 4 cm. There is a layer of gypsum fiber and "Shumostop". Best of all, such a system copes with household noise.
- Soundproof panels ZIPS-module. A sandwich of 7 cm is used for such a system. As a result, the entire thickness is 8.3 cm. In the sandwich panels, both gypsum fiber and mineral fiber are used. This system is used not only for residential buildings, but also for rooms with more intense noise (restaurants, shopping centers, offices, etc.).
- ZIPS system. In this case, the sandwich panels are 12 cm long. They include gypsum fiber sheets and Schumanet. The entire thickness is 13.3 cm. Such a system is usually used for sound insulation in public places.
- ZIPS floor vector. 4 cm sandwich panels. They contain staple and gypsum fiber. There is a layer of acoustic triplex, as well as 1.8-centimeter plywood sheets. The entire thickness is 8 cm.
- ZIP-module. Sandwich panels of 7.5 cm. All thickness - up to 11 cm.
ZIPS panels are a unique material for noise absorption. The minimum index of additional sound insulation is 9-11 dB. The total figure is 34.7. If you use the ZIPS system, you get about 48 dB at a frequency of 100 Hz.
In addition to the positive effect of the use of such a system, the advantage is the absence of the need to make a frame.
The products are very convenient to install, and the installation itself is quick. Due to the vibration-isolating nodes in the panels, such a system absorbs not only sounds, but also vibration. As for the shortcomings, they emit a high cost and a decrease in the area of space after installation.
Decorative
Decorative soundproofing panels are perfect for residential, industrial, office and commercial premises. This is a new generation of decoration material. Such panels provide heat and sound insulation. After their installation no additional finishing is required.
Other benefits include:
- small thickness;
- light weight;
- multifunctionality;
- ease of installation;
- a large number of decorative coating options;
- universality.
As for the minuses, they include the need to sheathe all the walls of the room, since surface finish on only one side of the room will not improve sound insulation. Another disadvantage is the high cost. Decorative panels are more expensive than regular ones.
To simplify installation, they are made on the type of groove-spike. Thanks to this, any person can assemble the design, even without the appropriate skills. The result is a monolithic surface that reliably absorbs sounds.
The joints are invisible. The method of mounting panels depends on the condition of the surface. If it is flat, then use liquid nails. If there are defects, then first install the crate, to which the material is fixed with a stapler.
Isotex
The manufacturer of multilayer boards is a Finnish company. Their basis is the heat and sound insulating material Isoplat. Its thickness is 12 mm.
The upper finish is made of linen, vinyl or paper wallpaper. The latter can be painted and washed. Such plates are safe and environmentally friendly. They are made from natural wood using chemical compounds. Thanks to such panels, the echoing in the room is reduced.
The coating has a porous structure. It is resistant to sudden changes in temperature, humidity level, is not a flammable material.
The manufacturer produces decorative panels with textile cover in 4 colors. You can only clean them with the dry method.
The Decor line has a vinyl surface. You can choose from 6 color options. The surface is allowed to be washed. The “Interior” line is a panel with a coating of wallpaper that mimics textiles. 4 options are presented. The Timber line has a wooden texture. You can choose from 4 colors.
Features of the production of Izotex
To create the panels, wood chips from coniferous species are used. The mass is crushed and softened with water. Then pressed into the layers. Chemical additives are not used for bonding - only natural resin.
Since the panels are made of wood, they must be freed from packaging and left for a day in the room where the walls will be sheathed. This is required in order for the material to accept a level of humidity, which corresponds to the air in the room. The installation of the panels is carried out by two methods - using the crate and using glue.
Halltex
This is another Finnish manufacturer of decorative panels. They are created from crushed sawdust, which are combined without the use of additional chemicals. To fix the outer decorative layer, use adhesive products that are used in the food industry, so that they are completely safe.
Such panels can be used to decorate the home theater, as they improve the acoustics of the room. Suitable for seasonal homes because they tolerate temperature changes. But for decorating rooms with a high level of humidity (baths, saunas, bathtubs) are not used due to the fact that the base is wood. By the way, plates also have thermal insulation properties.
Their width is 58 cm, so installation does not take much time. The outer layer has several textures: paper, vinyl or textile. The panels are fixed either with brackets on the crate, or with liquid nails.
Cork sound insulation
Cork soundproofing the walls performs 2 important functions - reflection of sounds from the outside and their absorption from the room. In terms of parameters, such a 3 cm thick material can replace 15 cm reinforced concrete slabs. Sounds are reduced by 20 dB, therefore several layers are used. To increase efficiency, it is recommended to cover with cork insulation not only walls, but also the floor and ceiling.
The benefits include the following:
- long term of operation;
- not erased;
- suitable for different rooms - both residential and public;
- suitable for rooms with high humidity;
- not subject to fungus and mold, does not rot;
- ecologicaly clean;
- does not burn;
- It has good thermal insulation;
- does not absorb aromas;
- Does not create static electricity.
Plates are installed by bricklaying, when the middle of the next level is placed at the joints of the panels of the first layer. On top of the cork coating make decorative, although you can leave without it. The material looks beautiful, is soft and warm.
If the air humidity is increased in the room, then it is required to additionally use varnish. It has good cushioning properties due to the fact that the panels are made from crumb bark of cork oak.
Training
Before you begin installation, you need to remove all holes, defects, cracks, cracks on the walls. Thanks to this, the noise level is reduced already at the initial stage of work. Walls need to be leveled. Sound insulation of walls is usually installed on a wooden crate or metal profiles. This method is called wireframe. It is most common.
Frameless soundproofing of the walls takes less time, since it is not necessary to install an additional structure on which the plates will be fixed.
Mounting
After insulating the cables and preparing the wall surfaces, you can proceed with the following actions:
- Set up an acoustic backing. The material needs to be rolled along the wall, starting from the top and moving down. Then fix with dowels so that they can be removed later.
- Install panels. They are fixed through soundproof materials with plastic dowels into pre-made holes.
- Seal joints along the entire perimeter. Glue all joints together with a tape with soundproofing properties.
Only after this can sheathing be carried out with plates. They are fixed in the usual way - using universal screws. After installing soundproofing, it is the turn of the finishing cladding. Walls must be sheathed with drywall.
Conclusion
Soundproof panels for walls in an apartment, house or other room are represented by a variety of options. Each of them has both advantages and disadvantages.
When choosing, it is recommended to consider why products are purchased and in what conditions they will be used.
If in doubt, it is recommended that you first consult with a specialist who will help you purchase the best option and give practical advice on how to make soundproofing of the interior wall correctly and in compliance with technology.