If you want to keep the car in good condition as long as possible, it is recommended to create the appropriate conditions in the garage. It is possible to reach them through ventilation. When the budget is limited, car owners decide to take up natural ventilation, which does not include the purchase of additional equipment. Effective air exchange is also necessary in order to remove toxic fumes and exhaust gases, as well as to remove the formed condensate.
Features and layout
The most common ventilation system in the garage is natural. Under such conditions, air flows penetrate in and out through artificially created openings. But you need to choose their diameter correctly, it is necessary to carry out the calculation. To equip ventilation should be prepared:
- hammer drill;
- grinder;
- protective grilles and caps;
- plastic pipes.
An angle grinder is needed for cutting pipes. To make holes, you need a hammer drill. Sewer can act as plastic pipes. For example, we can consider the norms for a room measuring 6 x 3 m. The holes should have a diameter of 27 cm.
More about the nuances
The scheme provides for the presence of holes in the walls where air ducts will be inserted. Holes are 15 cm from the floor. An outlet pipe will be located on the opposite wall. She is led out of the roof. If there is a desire to improve air exchange, the roof over the pipe should be made higher. The minimum height is 50 cm. The ventilation scheme in the garage according to this principle is effective only in the cold season, while in summer air circulation can be negligible or even absent.
Key Features
When calculating ventilation, it is important to determine system performance. For this, the value of air exchange and its multiplicity are calculated. After reviewing the relevant regulatory documents, you will be able to find out how much air should enter the room to satisfy one person's oxygen needs in an hour. This value is 60 m 3 . The number of air volume changes can be determined by multiplying the normalized air exchange ratio by the room volume.
Based on the calculations, a ventilation scheme is compiled based on the physical properties of air at different temperatures. Airflow will enter the room, and initially its temperature will be lower. He enters at the bottom of the room, gradually warming and rising to the ceiling. There are exhaust grilles.
If the natural ventilation in the garage will have openings with an air supply valve, then additional openings are located closer to the floor. Ducts will be on top. The design of the system involves the calculation of the cross section of the channels. The circulation of flows is carried out by external factors. To ensure intense traction, a larger cross-sectional area of the duct will be required than when installing forced ventilation.
About channel length
The speed of movement of flows through the channels will depend on their length. The organization of natural circulation is not always justified. To enhance traction, you can use mechanical action - deflectors. Their design is simple, and they are located at the outlet of the ducts. Deflectors have some features of mechanisms that contribute to rarefaction of air in the radius of action, which increases the speed of air flows.
When designing a system, an important feature is the influence of the temperature outside. In summer, natural ventilation almost stops working, because the temperature difference inside and outside is insignificant.
Ventilation recommendations
If you have a question about how to properly make ventilation in the garage, then you should familiarize yourself with the technology. According to her, in the walls it is necessary to lay channels through which circulation will take place. In the wall, the cross section of the channel can be approximately 140 mm.
The thickness of the masonry of the exhaust duct is 1.5 bricks. If the channel thickness is less, a reverse thrust effect may occur. If there are several rooms, then horizontal bends are arranged from the main channel, the diameter of which is smaller and can be 100 mm. The wiring can be made of plastic pipes.
Installation of a system in the basement garage
If you need ventilation in the garage, how to properly make it, you can find out from the article. When the garage is located in the basement, there is often damp and condensation accumulates. Therefore, ventilation in such a room is absolutely necessary. On opposite sides there are holes that are covered with grilles so that rodents do not get inside.
Better ventilation can be done using pipes. Their diameter varies from 8 to 15 cm. You should purchase:
- thermal insulation;
- gratings;
- visors.
The latter will provide protection against rainfall. One end of the pipe, through which air flow will be provided, is installed in the hole with a deviation from the floor of 35 cm. The upper end is discharged through the base and is placed along the wall. The length of the outer part should be 60 cm.
About aesthetics and functionality
For a more aesthetic appearance, the pipe is made invisible. The supply pipe is installed in a hole under the ceiling. It is led out through the floors, and it ends at a height of 60 cm from the roof. Condensation may accumulate in the exhaust pipe. In this case, it will drain into the basement. There you need to install a container where the liquid will collect. Pipes for the system can be made of asbestos cement.
Ventilation device in a room with a basement
Ventilation in a basement garage is arranged in much the same way as described above. In brickwork, a canal is made for this with a section of not more than one brick. The same channel will be made of blocks laid on the side face. The scheme is quite simple, but it provides intensive air exchange in the cellar.
A metal mesh should be installed on the channel. In different corners of the pit are pipes. One duct is responsible for the inflow, and the second for the exhaust. Such a system works in any basement located not only under the garage, but also in the open.
Ventilation in the garage pit will be more intense if the end of the supply pipe is 45 cm from the floor. The end of the exhaust pipe is located under the ceiling. Pipes can be made from anything, namely from:
- tin;
- polyvinyl chloride;
- asbestos cement.
Pipes outside
The exhaust duct is fixed so that one end of the duct is located from 150 to 200 cm from the floor. The outer end is discharged 45 cm above the roof. A supply duct is installed in the opposite corner. Outwardly, the pipe is discharged by 30 cm. The outlet channels should be covered with rain caps. To control the ventilation of the cellar, it is necessary to install dampers that allow you to adjust the air flow in the cold season. This eliminates the hypothermia of the room.
Installation of a chimney in the garage cellar
The ventilation of the cellar in the garage can include the installation of an exhaust pipe in two ways: through and through the wall. In the first case, the pipe is discharged through the ceiling and roof, in the second - the lower part of the exhaust pipe is horizontal and rises up outside the garage. The length of the exhaust pipe must be selected so that after its installation the upper cut is above the highest point of the roof in one meter. The total length of the exhaust pipe should not be less than 3 m.
When ventilating the cellar in the garage, it is recommended to install a deflector on the upper part of the pipe, which will improve the air exchange rate by creating a vacuum. In addition, this will protect the cellar from dust and precipitation. You can achieve the greatest efficiency if you purchase a deflector with an outer diameter 2 times the diameter of the pipe. The lower section of the housing of this unit should be a few centimeters below the section of the ventilation pipe. The simplest deflector is a product in the form of a cone made of plastic or iron. You can make it yourself.
The lower section of the exhaust pipe should be located as high as possible under the ceiling of the cellar. When installing ventilation in the garage in the basement area, the supply pipe must be installed so that about 0.5 m remains from its lower cut to the floor. The same distance must be maintained between the upper cut and the ground level. When choosing a pipe, you must consider its diameter, so that for every square meter of area there is about 15 mm. For this reason, asbestos or plastic sewer pipes are often used, the diameter of which reaches 200 mm.
Plastic looks more attractive, but its mechanical strength is slightly less. This material has less significant weight, is easier to seal and easier to cut. Tin ducts are sometimes used, although they are cheap, they are not a rational choice, as they are easily damaged and fail.
Ventilation device in a metal garage
Many today are concerned about how to make ventilation in the garage. If the walls are made of metal, then the installation is carried out by a similar method of ventilation in a conventional garage. However, a number of nuances should be observed. For example, the inlet in the upper part is located at some distance from the gate lock. This eliminates hacking of gates through ventilation openings.
Be sure to install protective grilles on the supply air vents. The viewing hole in the iron box is usually absent, so the upper holes will be enough for air exchange. The intake flow can be carried out through a loose vestibule and under the influence of the wind. Condensation may appear on the surfaces of the metal garage in the absence of ventilation. In addition to high-quality ventilation, you can eliminate the accumulation of condensate by the method of floor insulation.
How to improve the natural drawing intensity
If you want to arrange ventilation in the garage with your own hands, you can install a deflector or provide heating of the exhaust pipe. Cold air masses are more significant in comparison with warmed air. The latter enters the highest point and exits through the exhaust ventilation duct. In order to improve the heating of the air in the upper layer inside a cold garage, it is necessary to make the exhaust duct black. The walls of the duct as a result of this will absorb the maximum amount of solar energy and heat the air inside the channel. As a result, it will move upward more intensively.
If you plan to improve the intensity of the system using the pipe painting method with a ventilation device in the garage, you should not insulate the ventilation duct. You can prevent the icing of the exhaust duct and maintain air exchange with a 40-watt incandescent lamp. Its cartridge is brought under the opening of the vertical channel and left turned on. The lamp will generate heat, which will be enough for the air to move at a speed of 0.4 m per second. In this case, the duct duct must be wrapped with insulation material, which must not come into contact with moisture.
There is not much heat from the lamp, and it may not be enough for the full length of the exhaust pipe, because the air cools down. When installing ventilation in the garage, it is not worth using LED and fluorescent lamps to improve air exchange, because they generate less thermal energy and are suitable only for lighting.