In a set of measures aimed at the prevention of criminal acts, targeted impact on the individual, educational work occupies one of the leading positions. Moreover, this type of exposure can be used both for children and adolescents, and for people in a more mature age.
The main methods of educational work are:
- trainings, talks and lectures;
- joint activities and individual lessons;
- recommendations of literature and films;
- sporting events.
When choosing one method or another, it is necessary to take into account the conditions in which the person is brought up, the level of his personal development, his readiness to accept information, the adequacy of the techniques and techniques used, the degree of activity of the subject in the process, in other words, “inclusion”, and a number of other factors.
In ordinary life, the upbringing process is literally “inscribed” in all spheres (family, educational institution or team at work, friends, acquaintances, friends, media, etc.). At the same time, imperfections or detrimental effects on a person are not always possible to notice and nip in time. It is in this case that educational work becomes the most difficult. To change the prevailing stereotypes of behavior, to show the inconsistency of the norms adopted in the reference (significant) group is the task of the educator.
Such difficulties are encountered by specialists whose activities are related to
educational activities in closed institutions
(correctional colonies, boarding schools for “difficult” teenagers, etc.). Educational work in these cases has a number of nuances. We briefly touch on some of them.
Educational work with “difficult” children
The basic principles of this interaction were laid down by the talented teacher Makarenko. Despite almost a century-old history, they have not lost their relevance and remain very effective measures. The main principles of building the educational process are as follows:
- Parenting with the “+” sign (trust in the pupil, focusing on actions with the “+” sign, taking into account the views and self-interest of the child / teenager, helping and stimulating the search for positive traits in your personality, protecting the interests of the pupils and helping to solve problems).
- The principle of social conformity of upbringing (taking into account all the social factors that have had and are affecting the personality of the pupil, building a system of harmonious interaction on the part of all social and significant social institutions, helping to correctly perceive and analyze information from various sources).
- Individualization (careful attention to changes in the personality of each child, the choice of means and methods in accordance with individual characteristics, the success of one pupil should not be achieved by negative impact on others).
Educational work with children, built taking into account these principles, will achieve obvious success for the teacher or administration of institutions.
Another type of activity is educational work with prisoners. Its peculiarity is a number of restrictions that are imposed on people by the specifics of the place of stay. In a colony, for example, not all methods can and should be used. When choosing a method of work, it is necessary to take into account not only the personal characteristics of each prisoner, but also the type of colony regime, the term of the sentence imposed, and the type of detention.
The organization of sports and cultural events, watching films and reading literature are used as the main methods in these conditions. A striking indicator of successful work will be not a formal compliance with the standards that are required from a prisoner, but a sincere desire to participate in social activities,
positive dynamics in human interaction in the internal environment, a change in behavioral reactions, etc. Ideally, educational work should not stop even after a person leaves the prison. The impossibility of adaptation in everyday life can nullify the efforts of both teachers and the person himself.