Heat distributors allow taking into account consumed heat energy with maximum savings in terms of payment. At the same time, there is a tendency to lower heat consumption. In order to correctly and successfully implement such a scheme, it is necessary to take into account three aspects that are interrelated. Firstly, the regulatory and technical framework is being developed and approved. Secondly, reliable and cost-effective regulatory and accounting tools are selected. It is also necessary to treat heat consumption rationally and consider its payment depending on actual use.
Grounds for installation
An appropriate law has been adopted at the state level, according to which individual heat meters must be installed in reconstructed and erected residential buildings.
The relevant regulations allow the installation of heat distributors . Apartment meters are used for horizontal wiring of heating systems; they are installed on the heating input. In the case of vertical wiring, these devices are not suitable for two reasons: they are too expensive to install on each radiator element, and they also do not capture tiny expenses and temperature changes to be measured on each heating device.
How does the device work?
Heat distributors after 4-5 minutes measure the temperature of the radiator at a specific point, the results are stored in non-volatile memory as the thermal difference between the area of the battery and the air in the room. Therefore, the readings are identical to the amount of heat that came from the radiator during the accounting period. The data are taken into account in arbitrary units, which are subsequently multiplied by the radiator coefficient corresponding to the specific type and dimensions of the device.
With the same temperature readings in the room, as well as on the surface of radiators of different sizes, these distributors will be identical. However, the heat transfer of a large device is higher. To correct this moment, the specified coefficient exists. Each manufacturer has registration tables of this indicator for all types of radiators. Information is included in computer programs for recalculation, which is automatically recorded when paying.
Heat metering
Every year, the readings in the apartments are taken, and the dispersion of the total amount according to the actual indicators is performed. For residents, a balance is drawn between the size of payments, taking into account indicative rates and the final payment. The final amount is credited for the use of heating in the next year. Consequently, with personal heat meters, the amount of payment for heating depends on the actual use in homes. Heat distributors are checked at intervals of 10 years.
The payback period of such installations for a two-room apartment is no more than one year with a service life of thermostats up to thirty, and distributors up to ten years.
Organizational rules
There are several rules that will help organize apartment-based metering using a heat distributor for the battery. These include:
- Mandatory installation on heating units of thermostatic regulators.
- Corrective and distributing units should be equipped with at least 75 percent of the rooms.
- The spent heat energy for heating a residential building should in fact be taken into account by a meter common to the house.
- In the housing office, it is necessary to recalculate for citizens according to the testimony of accounting devices.
Radiator Type Options
Any radiator heat distributor can be used for various wiring of the heating system, and it is much cheaper than a meter. The device is easy to install, maintain, the operational period is at least ten years without additional verification.
Vertical buildings include more than 90 percent of the available housing stock and most residential buildings under construction. In such designs, except for distributors, there are no other effective apartment-based accounting technologies.
It is worth noting that the device in question takes into account only part of the heat received from the battery in the room. Some share is lost due to heat transfer through the external wall partitions. These losses depend not only on the intended design and construction solutions, but also on the outside air temperature.
Mounting
For correct operation, heat distributors in the apartment must be correctly installed. Most manufacturers have developed and implemented installation technologies for various types of heating units sold in the relevant market.
A distributor cannot be installed on some devices for technical reasons:
- Devices inside which there is steam.
- Models placed in the floor screed.
- Modifications that give off heat from the ceiling of the room.
- Units where there is a built-in electric fan.
- Adjustable devices with air valves.
- Devices where it is impossible to stop the flow of coolant.
- Products related to outdoor air.
A specialist who performs professional installation of valves, in each specific situation can determine other restrictions that do not allow installation.
Financial highlights
On a two-pipe riser, regulators and heat distributors can be installed without problems. When wiring with a single pipe, bypasses will be required to install the heat control unit. Counters in the room are installed regardless of their availability. The unit cost is from a thousand rubles, the price of the system is from 5 to 6 thousand. It consists of a distributor, radio transmitter, valves, bypass. The device gives information about the amount of heat given to the room (kW / h). It is advisable from an economic point of view to install valves together with regulators.
According to the results of a full calendar year, the readings of each distributor, taking into account the radiator coefficient, will be similar to adjacent devices. After removing the information, residents can roughly estimate the amount of payment. With a rise in tariffs, expenditures will accordingly increase proportionally. Real savings can only be achieved with proper operation of thermostats by reducing the temperature of the radiators.
Features
The units under consideration have a number of nuances regarding models and installation. For example, a distributor for a warm floor is a part of the whole heat supply system of a home; it is distinguished by a special nature of functioning. Given that the coolant is circulated through all pipelines of the unit, its preparation is carried out separately. To isolate the underfloor heating water system from the "supply" and the "return", installation of a heat-insulated collector is provided , which is equipped with a pump group, a check valve and a distributor.
In addition, the units are divided by brand. There are many manufacturers, among which the brand "Pulsar" can be distinguished. It was developed by a German company, manufactured using European technology and has the following advantages:
- Aluminum adapter, the price of which is included in the price of the product.
- It is possible to remove data without entering the home.
- There is a free program that reads readings.
- Simplified setup and operation techniques are applied.
- An open exchange protocol and protection against external heating are provided.
In addition, the Pulsar heat distributor has an indication of its removal from the radiator, a summer shutdown function and the ability to verify readings by means of a checksum.