In narrow long corridors and on stairs in one place it is inconvenient to turn on the light, since it takes half the way to pass in the dark. A simple solution is the inclusion of double-pass switches (PV). When this amount is not enough, use a cross switch, the connection diagram of which is presented below.
Unlike walk-throughs, it has four contacts, not three. With its help, one of the two lines closes.
Operating principle
The cross device can only work when the polarity of the supply is switched, for example, when it is necessary to reverse the electric motor. Here the principle of operation is extremely simple: if you apply voltage to the input, when switching the keys on the output, the "plus" and "minus" will change places.
In fact, the device is a line switch - one turns off one by one and the other turns on. It is always installed between PV. The device contains a pair of input and output contacts. In one position of the key, the first input and output wires are closed to each other. Accordingly, the latter are also closed. When the key is switched, the first input wire closes to the second output, and the second input wire closes to the first output. It is only important to connect the contacts correctly, otherwise the system will not work correctly.
Cross circuit breaker, wiring diagram
The switch is installed together with two walk-throughs, since it is not used alone in the home network. Most connections are made through a junction box.
The cross-pass switch is the connecting part between the pass-through switches: it consists of 2 wires from one and the same goes to the second.
On the reverse side of the crossover device on each pair of terminals, the arrows indicate the input and output.
Cross Switch Features
How the device works:
- connection is made through a four-wire cable;
- if several switches are used, they are all connected in the same chain to each other, where the outputs of the previous one are connected to the inputs of the subsequent one;
- when creating complex contact groups, a cable with a large number of cores is used;
- electricians prefer to use several simple circuits instead of one complex.
Cross circuit breaker selection
In the store, the buyer may have problems with the choice of passage and cross switches. Outwardly, they look like a conventional type of device, and they are easily confused with each other. The main difference is the number of contacts: a simple switch has two, a walk-through switch has three, and a cross switch has four. If a two-key model is selected, in each case the number of terminals doubles.
An overhead model is purchased for open wiring, and for hidden wiring, with a recessed box. Podrozetniki get to the switches immediately in the store. The loop-through and cross-over devices are selected the same in appearance and type: rotary, keyboard, lever or touch. The power of contacts should be no lower than that of the load.
Regarding the choice of the manufacturer, Legrand circuit breakers have proven themselves well, although many may not be happy with the high prices.
Devices are the best solution when controlling lighting from multiple locations.
Cross circuit breaker instruction
The work is carried out in several stages:
- Development of electrical connections.
- Stroke gasket.
- Junction box wall mounting. Its dimensions should ensure the creation of at least 7 connections, as well as the passage of other wires.
- Disabling the current supply to the installation site by the machine in the electrical control panel.
- Cable routing from the junction box to the panel, switches and fixtures.
- Connection of the zero core to the lamp contacts.
- Connecting the phase conductor to the contact of the first passage switch, and then according to the diagram. The wires between the switches should be connected strictly in pairs.
- Connecting contacts from the last PV to the lamps through the junction box.
If the connections were made without marking, you can find paired PV wires. To do this, first the extreme PVs are connected to the network, and then, switching each key, the phases on two of the four wires that go to the output are located with the indicator screwdriver . The remaining two wires should be connected to its other pair of terminals.
Dual switch
The double cross-over switch, as well as the passage switch, contain two independent contact groups. They are designed to control lighting on two separate lines that are not interconnected.
In fact, the two-key cross-over switch is a pair of devices combined in a common housing. Each line is connected in the same way as previously stated. It is advisable to first make the wiring to one lamp, and then to another. At the same time, the connection circuits should not be interconnected. The control system of two light sources becomes complicated when a double cross switch is used. The connection scheme is not particularly complicated, but there are many contacts, and they can create confusion. If some electricians mount it, then with a subsequent repair, others are unlikely to figure this out.
The number of connections in the junction box increases significantly, and the problem arises - hide everything inside it. In addition, cable marking is also more complicated. On sale you can find two - key switches Legrand. The model is quite rare and not always available. Electricians usually try to divide a similar circuit into two simple ones.
Conclusion
When it is necessary to increase the number of lighting control points by more than two, a cross switch is used. The wiring diagram must necessarily contain loop-through devices, unless it is necessary to change the polarity of the power supply. A multiple-point lighting switching system is not complicated. Here it is important to correctly mark the wiring and not get confused in the connections.