Despite centuries of research, the Earth is still full of mysteries and secrets. Uncharted places remained even on the continents, but the oceans, of course, occupy the first place in the number of mysterious puzzles. Scientists have not even established the exact age of the earth's oceans, but we have a very vague idea of what is at the bottom of the deepest depressions. And the deepest ocean, and everyone else will give us many more amazing discoveries.
The smallest of the four oceans on Earth is the Arctic. This mass of ice water washes the Arctic, as well as the northern parts of Eurasia, Canada and the United States. Despite the cold, this ocean is rich in fish and krill. This is where whales come to feed for a short summer. The third place in this rating is occupied by the Atlantic Ocean - its average depth is 3926 meters. "Silver" went to the Indian Ocean with 3963 meters of medium depth. Which ocean is the deepest is easy to guess: of course, the Pacific. The average indicator of its depth reaches 4281 meters. But the Mariana Trench, the deepest place of the Earth, is not in the Pacific Ocean, but in the Atlantic, near the Guam Islands, and totals 10,790 meters. The depth of the oceans is determined using a device that catches sound waves reflected from the bottom .
We know little about the bottom of the oceans. Scientists-oceanographers have found that the oceans, including the deepest, are covered with silt up to 3600 meters deep - soft sediments from the remains of small marine inhabitants. Sludge deposits at a depth of six kilometers and below turn red. Oceanographers call them “red clay”, since volcanic ash is mixed with biological deposits in them.
The deepest ocean of the Earth is surrounded by all five continents. The western border of the Pacific Ocean is marked by Australia, Eurasia and the Malay archipelago located between them. Its eastern border runs along the shores of both Americas, and in the south "quiet" waters wash the icy shores of Antarctica. The border between the Pacific and the Arctic oceans is marked by the Bering Strait and lies between the Seward and Chukotka Peninsulas. From the Atlantic, the deepest ocean is separated by an imaginary line connecting Cape Horn and the Antarctic Peninsula. The most conditional is the border of the Pacific and Indian oceans. Starting on the Hindustan Peninsula, it passes through the islands of Java, Sumatra and New Guinea, and ends on the northern coast of Australia.
The Pacific Ocean leads not only in depth. Of all the Earth’s oceans, the Pacific occupies the largest area equal to almost 180 thousand square kilometers. At least ten thousand islands are scattered over this considerable area, and the largest underwater ridge on the planet is located in the bowels of the ocean, dividing it into two unequal parts. Its western part is warmed by warm currents, and the eastern “freezes” the Peruvian current. The western part is much larger than the eastern, so the Pacific Ocean is also considered the warmest on Earth. This vast area covering several natural zones is rich in flora, and many representatives of the fauna live.
The Pacific Ocean is the deepest on Earth, but the oceans are not only on our planet. The deepest ocean in the solar system is located on the planet Europe. This small planet revolves around the gas giant of Jupiter. In size, Europe is slightly smaller than the moon. Its center is the iron core, and the surface is covered with an ice shell of many kilometers thick. According to a recently confirmed hypothesis, under the ice layer is an ocean of a hundred-meter depth, occupying the entire planet. Scientists suggest that the Europian Ocean consists of water that does not freeze due to the powerful tides born of the attraction of Jupiter. They do not exclude the existence of biological life in this ocean.