One of the main questions when designing a new cottage or cottage: from which is it better to build a house? There is a huge selection of materials. They differ in operational characteristics, cost, installation features. To choose the best option, you need to find out about all the offers of the building materials market. Each of them needs to be considered in detail before starting construction work.
What to look for when choosing?
In the process of designing a new building, you need to make a choice of material for building a house. The durability of the building, the comfort of living in it, as well as the total cost of the work on its construction will depend on its correctness. To avoid making a mistake, you need to consider the main factors that affect the choice of building materials.
The owners of a suburban area are primarily interested in the issue of value. Costs should be minimal. However, it is not worth saving on quality. If the budget is limited, light materials should be preferred. For example, it can be a house made of foam blocks or a frame structure. In this case, it will be possible to reduce the cost of building the foundation. Lightweight walls suggest the arrangement of a less powerful base.
The second important factor when choosing materials is their heat-insulating qualities. They should be as tall as possible. If the walls let heat through, a significant amount of money will be required for heating. Therefore, when choosing, take into account the features of the climatic zone, as well as the properties of the material. Often cottages, dachas need additional thermal insulation. This increases the cost of construction. In warmer regions, you can build a house from materials that do not need additional insulation.
When deciding which material is best to build a house from, you need to consider another important factor. Each option that is currently on the market has a fast installation. If the blocks are large, less time and effort will be required to erect the building. Small blocks significantly increase the period of construction work. The least labor costs today are characterized by frame panels.
You also need to consider the subsequent costs when decorating the facade and walls indoors. If the materials from which the cottage was built are smooth, the surfaces will not require additional decoration. It also reduces the final cost of construction. There are building materials that differ in aesthetic appearance. However, they are not afraid of the influence of weather conditions. Such walls do not need decorative decoration.
Brick building
Brick has been a traditional material for building houses for many hundreds of years. Today there are many of its varieties. What brick is better to build a house of? This question is often asked by the owners of the suburban area in the planning process of construction work. Such a cottage or cottage can be used up to 150 years. Brick is not afraid of adverse weather conditions, temperature changes. At the same time, the masonry technology has been honed for centuries, worked out to the smallest detail.
Brick may be different. Most often, ceramic or silicate varieties of it are used in the construction process. The first type of material is red. It is made of clay. It is burned at high temperatures. This material is very durable. It does not pass water, does not emit harmful substances into the environment.
There is a ceramic brick solid and hollow. The shape of the holes may be different. The more voids in a brick, the higher its heat-insulating qualities. Solid blocks are characterized by increased strength. Support structures are erected from them.
Often build a house of white brick. It is also called silicate. This building material is made from lime, sand and some other additives. This type of brick can also be solid or hollow. The walls of it need additional decoration. Otherwise, they will quickly collapse under the influence of rain, snow and wind. A white brick house is built quite often, since this material is of acceptable cost.
Also, the brick is front and ordinary. The second group of materials is intended to create internal masonry. This brick may have slight defects and cracks on the surface. This is not considered a marriage. Ordinary brick allows you to create the main masonry, which is characterized by high load-bearing abilities.
Front brick is of high cost. Increased demands are put forward on his appearance. The facing brick should not have cracks, chips. With its help create a decorative finish. Therefore, such a brick is distinguished by a flawless appearance.
Advantages and disadvantages of brick
What material is better to build a house from? This question is often asked by the owners of the site. Brick is sometimes one of the best options. He has many positive qualities. The brick has high strength. This indicator is indicated using special markings. There are bricks with strength from M75 to M300. The higher this indicator, the greater the load the material can withstand. For a basement or foundation, blocks of the M175 or M150 brand are used. The walls are most often built of brick M125.
Presented material may be frost resistant. This characteristic is also indicated in the marking. For warmer regions, it is enough to purchase a brick with frost resistance class F15. In the middle lane, you can make the cladding of the building from blocks F50.
The advantages of brick include its attractive appearance. If you choose a material that is resistant to adverse weather conditions, you can not do decorative cladding. At the same time, brick is a durable material. Structures of almost any complexity are built from it. The walls are distinguished by good thermal insulation performance.
The construction of country houses, cottages involves the use of bricks because of its environmental indicators. Mold and fungus do not form on the walls. The material is also resistant to corrosion. Brick walls do not allow noise into the room. This material is fireproof. The average cost of a brick (together with the payment for the work of the master) is a lock of 4.5 thousand rubles / m with a thickness of 380 mm.
However, this material has a number of disadvantages. The brick structure is heavy. Blocks are quite difficult to stack. Their size is relatively small, so the walls are built long enough. The cost of a good master who can create the masonry correctly is high. Also, the construction budget is increasing due to the arrangement of a powerful foundation.
Brick walls almost always require additional thermal insulation. It also increases construction costs. Today, there are many new, modern materials that surpass brick in many ways.
Building out of blocks
Today, new materials are used for the construction of cottages and cottages, which are distinguished by high operational qualities. They gradually displace the familiar brick. There is a wide variety of blocks. The average cost of these materials (taking into account the work of the master) is about 3.5 thousand rubles / m. Large dimensions are common for these types of materials, which significantly speeds up the construction process. These include:
- aerated concrete;
- foam concrete;
- cinder blocks;
- arbolite;
- expanded clay blocks;
- natural stone (shell rock).
Foam and aerated concrete differ in almost the same technical characteristics. These materials are used in private construction. They differ only in their internal structure. Aerated concrete is made of cement, sand and lime. A gasifier (powder) is added to the mixture. It ensures the presence in the structure of through channels of small sizes. Foam blocks, on the contrary, have closed pores. Therefore, the material does not absorb moisture and does not need additional finishing.
Most often, the construction of one-story houses from aerated concrete is carried out. These are small cottages that subsequently need the right decoration. One and two-story houses are being built from foam blocks. The surface of the walls does not need complex decoration. The insignificant cost and simplicity of the construction of various buildings with their own hands make the materials presented in demand.
However, gas and foam blocks have a number of disadvantages. These are quite fragile materials. Therefore, you need to work with them carefully. Gas blocks are water permeable. Without additional finishing, this material quickly collapses. These materials need additional decoration at home, both inside and outside. At the same time, chemical elements are included in the composition of the materials. However, they do not stand out even with increasing temperature. In this case, the foundation must be strong enough.
However, houses from foam blocks are built quite often. Buildings from these materials are built much faster and easier than from brick. This is a frost-resistant material that is able to pass steam no worse than natural wood. The ideal geometry of the blocks reduces the cost of decoration.
Cinder blocks and expanded clay blocks
Considering the options from which it is better to build the walls of the house, you should pay attention to such material as cinder block - a relatively inexpensive option. It is fireproof, resistant to the development of fungus and mold. When all the requirements are met during construction, the walls will be durable.
However, it is rarely used in construction. These blocks are characterized by high thermal conductivity. Additional costs will be required to create a high-quality, powerful insulation layer outside the walls.
Another disadvantage of cinder blocks is the large weight. It is also quite fragile material. It is characterized by low moisture resistance, sound insulation. Therefore, much more often in the construction of cottages or other buildings they prefer other materials.
The construction of country houses is more often carried out from expanded clay blocks. At the same cost, this material has less thermal conductivity. This allows you to reduce the cost of insulation. Expanded clay blocks are environmentally friendly, high strength. They are made of clay, baked in a special way, as well as cement mortar.
Buildings up to 3 floors high can be built from expanded clay blocks. In this case, it does not take much effort and time. The blocks are quite large. In the premises of this material, the correct microclimate is established. This is due to the ability of blocks of expanded clay to pass steam.
Expanded clay houses are erected quite often. The composition of the material does not include synthetic additives. This allows you to use the material for the construction of almost any residential premises.
Other types of blocks
One of the options for building a summer house or a private house is a shell rock. This is a natural material that is of high cost. It is advisable to choose such blocks for the construction of walls only in those regions where limestone is mined. In other areas, the cost of building a house of natural stone will be high. This material can be purchased at a price of about 5 thousand rubles / m³.
Shell rock is extracted from sedimentary sea rocks. This is a fairly fragile material. However, it has a number of advantages. Natural stone blocks are highly soundproof. They do not let heat out. When fulfilling the established construction methodology, the walls will be durable and strong.
Shell rock is also characterized by high vapor permeability. This allows you to maintain the right level of humidity in the house. The material is natural and therefore environmentally friendly. In the process of its formation, an array of shell rock is impregnated with salt water. A large amount of iodine is absorbed into it. The house, built from blocks of natural origin, has a special atmosphere. It has a beneficial effect on the human body. A large amount of iodine also helps protect the home from radiation.
However, this material also has many shortcomings. Two or three-story houses are rarely built from it. In this case, it is required to create additional wall reinforcement. The blocks do not differ in good geometry. The material requires additional moisture protection.
Transporting blocks is hard. They are very fragile. This requires special care for builders when unloading and loading material, as well as when erecting walls.
So what is the best place to build a house? One of the best options is arbolit. These blocks are made of cement and wood chips. The material is strong, durable. It is characterized by low thermal conductivity. From it you can create buildings of 2-3 floors.
Arbolit is an environmentally friendly material. It is vapor permeable. In this case, the walls will isolate the room from external noise. The average cost of construction from wood concrete (taking into account the work of the master) is about 4.7 thousand rubles / m. At the same time, it is quite difficult to find a specialist who knows how to properly build walls from such blocks. The material requires the right finish.
Tree house
Today, the construction of warm wooden houses is very popular. This natural material has several advantages. Therefore, it is used in the construction of walls. Construction is carried out from timber or logs. Another option for using wood is the construction of panels. It is also called frame construction.
Wood looks very impressive. From it create both modern houses and buildings in the ethno style. It is an environmentally friendly material. It is characterized by high vapor permeability. Inside the wooden building, a healthy microclimate is established.
This material also has certain disadvantages. It requires special treatment before construction begins. Wood does not tolerate moisture. Her choice must be approached responsibly. Requires material that has been properly dried. Otherwise, it will deform.
Since wood is a natural material, fungus and mold can develop on it, it is susceptible to attacks by other pests. With the right choice of materials, as well as their appropriate processing, you can build a strong, durable house. Its walls will not require additional thermal insulation or plastering.
What tree is better to build a house from? In this regard, there are certain recommendations of specialists. One relatively inexpensive option is pine. It is a durable material that is characterized by low thermal conductivity. You can also build walls of spruce. This material is more loose than pine. Therefore, it requires special processing. However, pine is inferior to spruce in terms of thermal conductivity.
Often the walls of the house are built of larch. This material is characterized by low thermal conductivity. This type of wood is used for construction in an area that is characterized by severe winters. Larch is resistant to moisture. It is a strong, durable material.
It can also be used for the construction of cedar, oak and linden. When choosing wood, you need to consider the basic qualities of this material. Each tree species has its advantages and disadvantages.
Timber construction
In our country, the construction of a house from a bar is widespread. It has a lot of positive characteristics. This material undergoes certain processing. As a result, the log receives a clear geometric shape. The cross section can be rectangular or square. The walls are very smooth. This avoids their additional decoration.
The weight of the walls will be relatively small. This allows you to equip a less powerful foundation. Timber, like all wood, is an environmentally friendly material. Moreover, the structures from it do not give significant shrinkage.
Building a house from this material requires relatively little time. Construction can be carried out at any convenient time, regardless of the season. Walls from a bar do not pass noise from the street into the room. The thermal conductivity of the material is very low. The beam allows you to create a healthy microclimate indoors.
Houses made of timber have a number of disadvantages. This material requires additional processing. Wood needs to be coated with an antibacterial composition, and also protect the surface of the walls from moisture. The material is rotten. It can collapse, deform.
The material is fire hazard. If you purchase wood of insufficient quality, it can cause significant shrinkage.
Log construction
A classic construction is a wooden log cabin. From it you can build a cottage of any configuration. It is a strong, reliable material.Often erected houses from logs. The material is machined. As a result, it gets a perfectly flat surface. The section is round.
, . . . , . . . .
, . , . , . .
. . .
. . . , .
Frame construction
, , , . . 2,5 . ./ ( ). .
The construction of houses from panels involves the construction of a frame made of metal or wooden profile. On one side, sheets of OSB or chipboard are mounted on it. Insulation is placed inside the structure. The second side is also lined with OSB panels. The walls do not need complex decoration. At the same time, the room will be warm and comfortable.
The disadvantage of such designs is their fragility. At the same time, the material does not let steam through. It is required to create high-quality ventilation. Also, the durability of such buildings is much less than other types of materials.
Knowing what it is better to build a house from, you can choose the right material to create a strong, reliable and durable cottage or cottage.