Sovereignty is the most important category of state and international law. Recognition of the population, for which a certain territory is historically assigned, as an independent legal unit, is associated with the provision of significant powers to the people.
Theorists argue about the content of the concept of "sovereignty." Defining it as internal and external independence of the state does not seem entirely correct. In this case, internal independence is not called into question, since the people delegate power to representative bodies, thereby endowing them with administrative powers.
Difficulty is the characterization of the definition of "external sovereignty." This is due to the problem of the very possibility of talking about the independence of a country in the context of globalization. Close foreign policy interaction, trade, economic activity - all this strengthens the interdependence of states from each other. It turns out that formally each country can conduct foreign policy as it sees fit. But in fact, a sovereign has a significantly lower political weight if it does not belong to the international community formed by modern economic leaders.
Having decided to join this or that union, the state becomes compelled to conduct not only foreign, but also internal policy in a certain way, achieving compliance with the standards established by the organization.
One of the conditions for adoption in a particular community is the harmonization of national legislation with the provisions of an international treaty (s). As a rule, these documents raise the requirements for the degree of protection of
natural human rights, but the very fact of a forced change in the national legal framework due to economic and political necessity casts doubt on sovereignty. This state of affairs leads to the need to find a definition of the category under study that is more adequate to modern realities.
So, the sovereignty of the people gives them the opportunity to form representative bodies. The latter are endowed with power, thanks to which they can conduct domestic and foreign policies on behalf of and in the interests of the population . Thus, in the narrow sense, the concept of sovereignty boils down to the ability of a state to interact with other countries in the international arena on behalf of its people: accept treaties, enter into alliances, etc.
The emergence and recognition of new states has two types of prerequisites. The international community can recognize the independence of education, which was part of another, larger carrier of sovereignty. This practice was carried out in the post-Soviet period, when immigrants from the USSR gained independence. Sovereignty is in this case a recognition of the independence of education, which has the experience of "statehood". Examples of such countries are Georgia, Armenia, Latvia, Estonia and others.
The second way to gain independence status is to recognize the sovereignty of education, which, accordingly, does not have the experience of being an independent state. So, in the territory of present Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan, before leaving the Union, there were no formed entities of the same name.
Particularly noteworthy are countries whose sovereignty is partially recognized. For about 20 years, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, the Transnistrian and Nagorno-Karabakh Republics have not been recognized by the international community as independent subjects of foreign policy relations.