One of the effective ways to improve the protective characteristics of structures, materials and structures is the use of soil compositions. These include a bitumen primer, also called a primer. This should include mixed compositions created on the basis of polymers and bitumen. Such mixtures have a high protective ability and low viscosity. After application, it is possible to obtain a well-protected surface that can be eliminated from microroughnesses.
Main characteristics
The main purpose of the primer is the isolation of the basement and concrete foundations, pipelines and cement-sand screeds. Bituminous primer can reduce the absorption of water into the material, as a result, you can save on building materials. In the process of manufacturing a primer, a whole set of components is used, among them:
- molten bitumen;
- plasticizer;
- filler.
The finished primer differs from bitumen in that it does not become brittle at low temperature. Primers during application provide adhesion to the treated surface. They can be used not only as an independent insulation, but also during the installation of rolled materials. In this case, the composition acts as an adhesive mass and allows you to seal the seams.
The bitumen primer is easy to use, because you can dilute it to the optimal consistency with white spirit or gasoline. Such mixtures are sold in sealed tin buckets. The primer composition can be used partially, and leave the unspent mixture for later use.
Application Features
Instructions for applying the primer indicate that working with it does not imply any particular difficulties. It is important to remember only that the quality of the coating will depend on how correctly the surface was prepared. As for cement-sand and concrete substrates, they must be dusted off.
The primer mixes well until a uniform consistency is obtained. The mixture should not have seals or lumps. If necessary, it can be diluted and achieve a higher hiding power. To apply a bitumen primer, use a roller or wide nylon brushes.
In the process, you need to try to form an even layer without smudges. If you couldn’t avoid them, you need to straighten them out right away. The optimal result is ensured by application according to the spill technology with subsequent spread of the composition on the surface. It is recommended to use a rubberized mop for this.
Instructions for application on metal surfaces
The technology of applying soil to metal surfaces provides for the following algorithm of operation. The base must be cleaned to metal using a wire brush. If extensive pockets of corrosion remain after this, a rust converter should be used.
Application should be carried out by roller in one or more layers. The distribution of the bitumen primer under the polymer coating is carried out by a mop. The primer is made according to state standards 6617-76, having familiarized yourself with which you can understand that the application is carried out outside of facilities or structures in dry weather. Technological requirements include the need to protect the surface from excess moisture during the day, such conditions should be adhered to until the surface has completely dried. If the primer is applied indoors, then good ventilation should be ensured.
Important to remember
When applying mastic, safety precautions must be observed, because the material contains combustible components. Therefore, the use of a primer is allowed only far from sources of open fire and only with the use of personal safety equipment, gloves and glasses should be highlighted among them. It is important to ensure that the fire fighting equipment is present at the facility.
Varieties of bitumen primers
The bitumen primer, the GOST of which was mentioned above, plays the role of passive protection. This type of insulation protects surfaces from external factors, including temperature changes, excessive humidity and ultraviolet radiation. Three varieties of primers are currently known. Among them are bituminous mineral primers, which have asphalt and dolomitic limestone, as well as crushed dolomite, which acts as a filler.
Bitumen-polymer primer is the second type of primer, which is made with the addition of powdered or atactic polypropylene. Using rubber aggregates, bitumen-rubber primers are made from rubber wastes. Among these ingredients are finely divided shock absorbing tires. For the plasticity of the primer under adverse climatic factors, plasticizers are introduced into the composition. The material eventually gains a lack of fragility.
Description and field of use of the bitumen-rubber composition "Technonikol No. 20"
This bituminous rubber primer is a finished material from petroleum bitumen, processing aids, modified polymer and mineral fillers. Among the ingredients are organic solvents. After drying, the mastic acquires a high-strength coating, which can be operated at a wide temperature range. The mixture is intended for the repair of roofs and the installation of mastic roofs, as well as protective layers of the roof and waterproofing of building structures, structures and buildings.
The consumption of bitumen primers can vary from 3.8 to 5.7 kg per square meter. If we are talking about the installation of a waterproofing layer, then the consumption will be reduced to 2.5 kg per square meter. You can use the mixture at temperatures ranging from -20 to +40 ° C. Within 24 hours, the composition is maintained at a temperature of +5 ° C. Use it near open flames is prohibited. It is important to carry out work in intensively ventilated areas. Masters should use personal protective equipment and avoid contact with the primer in the eyes and on the skin.
Description of the primer "TechnoNIKOL No. 01"
If you need a primer, the TechnoNIKOL bitumen primer will be a pretty good option. It is a ready-to-use composition of high quality petroleum bitumen. The softening temperature is 70 ° C and above. The primer allows you to arrange a durable and reliable waterproofing system. Priming allows you to increase the adhesion of the canvas and waterproofing material with a waterproofing base. This eliminates carpet tearing under wind load.
Among the additional advantages of the material should be highlighted:
- quality components;
- readiness for use;
- quick drying step;
- high penetration;
- the ability to use at low temperatures;
- quality control;
- high production culture.
The mass fraction of non-volatile substances can be equal to from 45 to 55%. Drying time is approximately 12 hours at a temperature of 20 ° C. The composition does not contain extraneous and heterogeneous inclusions. Conditional viscosity is from 15 to 40 ° C. Before use, the primer is mixed until a homogeneous mass is formed. Before processing, the surface must be cleaned of the remnants of old waterproofing, sand and dust.
Conclusion
High-quality bitumen primers, which are placed under a rubber or polymer coating, are made today by foreign and domestic brands. The market offers a wide range of similar compositions, among them options that will match the characteristics of certain surfaces. Bituminous coating can be applied quite simply, however, despite this, it is important to follow the technological requirements. Only then will it be possible to achieve a positive result - the layer will turn out to be uniform, strong and durable.