It is impossible to overestimate the need to drain melt and storm water from the entire structure and from the roof surface. Today, manufacturers offer for sale a wide range of products that can fulfill the role of such a system. Such designs are durable, easy to install, have an attractive appearance and have a wide color spectrum. If you have some skills in construction, then installing a drainage system will not cause any special difficulties. In addition, each manufacturer today provides instructions for the work, which helps to organize the drain independently.
Component systems and materials used
Any gutter has the form of a system that provides for the presence of pipes and gutters, the diameter depends on the load of wastewater per linear meter of the roof surface. Fixation of the gutters is carried out for construction using hooks and brackets, the gutters and pipes are connected using funnels. Fix pipes to the house with clamps. The building may have different architectural features, depending on this, the system may include:
- plugs and connectors of gutters;
- pipe lugs;
- corner elements of the gutter;
- pipe elbows.
The angular components of the gutter are designed to bypass the building at the inner and outer corners. But the pipe bends are required for the design of bends. Tips for pipes give completeness to the entire structure. If you will be installing gutters, then you can choose a rectangular or circular section of the elements. The width of the gutter will depend on the area of the roof and varies from 100 to 200 mm. The diameter of the pipes can be equal to 75-120 mm. As a rule, metal or plastic is used to make the gutter system . Galvanization is almost never used because it is subject to corrosion processes. Titanium and copper can act as materials for the drainage system, but in this case the elements will cost more. Before installing the gutter system, it is important to consider the materials and color of the roofing, as well as the external walls of the building, the architectural concept of the building, the amount of annual rainfall, the configuration of the roof and its total area.
Location of drains
Installation of gutters should be made taking into account the length of the overhang of the roof. If the overhang has a length of up to 10 m, then 1 drain is required, whereas if this parameter is larger, then two drains should be prepared. The installation and location of these elements will depend on the type of roof.
Tool preparation
To carry out the installation of the drain , a certain set of tools should be prepared, among them:
- rope;
- rivet mites;
- rubber and metal hammers;
- scissors for metal;
- drill with a battery or a screwdriver;
- pencil;
- hydraulic level;
- tool for bending hooks.
General rules for installing the drainage system
Where to begin? Installation of the drainage system should begin with the installation of hooks. They can be long, adjustable or short, and are attached to the bottom board of the crate, on top of the rafters or to the rafters. For each such technique, different types of hooks should be prepared. The next step will be to calculate the angle of their inclination. The recommended slope should be approximately three meters per meter. Hooks should be placed nearby, numbered, and then mark the fold line. Next, a tool for bending hooks is used, with it the elements need to be bent according to the markup. The first hook is installed in such a way that the step between the extension of the roof and the outside of the gutter is approximately 25 mm. The hooks should be installed at a distance of 0.9 m, while the angle of inclination should be equal to the limit of 2 to 3 mm relative to the horizon. Installation should begin from the edge of the cornice, from where the slope will go relative to the horizon. The last and first hooks should be located from the edge of the edge of the roof of 150 mm. If their installation is carried out not on the frontal board, but on the rafters, then grooves should be made. This will allow you to compare the surface of the hooks with the crate or rafters.
Methodology
The installation of the drainage system in the next step involves marking if holes in the funnel should be made in the gutter. When cutting material, you can use a hacksaw. The funnel should get the necessary shape with the help of ticks, and the burrs should be disposed of. The cut-off point of the material is treated with paint to prevent corrosion. When cutting metal, it is not recommended to use a grinder. The funnel is fixed to the external bend of the gutter, the terminals are clamped from the inside. The next step is to install the gutter plug with a rubber mallet, but this method is sometimes replaced by hand-pressing technology. The design should be installed on the hooks by the method of pressing each hook.
Guidelines for connecting gutters
When installing the gutter system with your own hands, it is important to properly connect the gutters. This can be done with connecting locks. A gap of 3 mm should be left between the ends, and the sealant must be applied with three lines of sealant, one of them should be centered, while the rest should be on the sides. The back of the lock should be fixed to the inside of the gutters. The lock should be pressed to the outside, which will achieve a snug fit gaskets. Then it should be snapped in and fixed with clamping terminals. Sealant residues must be disposed of.
Possible mistakes
The rules for installing the gutter system say that if you increase the distance between the brackets, this can cause the gutters to sag. Among other things, you may encounter overflow if the edges of the roof do not coincide with the central part of the gutter. Too large a gap between the gutter line and the extreme part of the roof can cause overfilling and splashing.
Features of installing a plastic drain
Plastic roof drains are installed according to a certain technology, it provides for the first stage of the installation of funnels, which are divided into water inlets, storm and roofing. The next step is to install the hooks, and then the holders are fixed, which are installed 2 cm from the funnel. It is necessary to check the slope with the help of a nylon thread, and with respect to the funnel, the angle of inclination should be 2 °. When plastic gutters are installed for the roof, where the wall length varies from 10 to 20 m, the gutter can have a simple or double slope. In the first case, the funnel should be located at the end of the ramp, while in the second it goes to the middle or from the middle.
A simple slope provides for the location of the middle trough at the highest point, while with a double slope at the highest point there should be two extreme troughs, while the water will move to the funnel in the middle. If the length of the gutter is more than 22 m, then three funnels or a more powerful system will be required. The next step is to install the gutter connector, which can be compensatory or conventional. The gutter connectors must be located between the brackets, and the distance between them should be equal. At the next stage, the master cuts the gutter into individual blanks of the desired length, and protects the cut points. Then you need to connect the funnel of the gutter, the last of which is laid on the brackets.
Conclusion
How to install the hooks of the drainage system was described in detail above, but if you do not plan to carry out these works yourself, you can familiarize yourself with the prices of professional services. For the installation of the drain specialists will take 350 rubles. per linear meter, as for the installation of peaks and ebbs, the cost will be 230 rubles. per linear meter. The prices for installing a drainage system are not too high, so homeowners often resort to professional help.