Heating wood-burning stoves for homes is a classic source of heat in our country. Since ancient times, a stove heating system was installed in houses, creating a comfortable and warm atmosphere for living, which is almost impossible to achieve in other ways. Today, despite the active development of other heating systems, stoves remain as popular and in demand.
So, for starters, consider the main types of furnaces for arranging a water heating system.
Wood burning machine
Based on the name, it can be judged that firewood is used as the main fuel. It is undesirable to use wood-burning stoves for houses for a long time at maximum power, otherwise you can significantly reduce the operating life.
Buleryan
This equipment is distinguished by the absence of a separate register providing heat transfer - the housing allows you to heat the coolant. In addition, the design provides for a special compartment where the burning of wood gas occurs, which increases the efficiency of the equipment.
Cast Iron Unit
Wood cast-iron stoves for the home have a main distinguishing feature - their body made of cast iron not only perfectly stores heat, but also is characterized by reliability and durability. The water jacket is in most cases made of sheet steel.
Modern stove heating
Modern wood-burning stoves for homes are similar in principle to conventional solid fuel stoves. The only difference is the location of the inlet of the heat exchanger, which is slightly higher compared to traditional heat generators.
This factor must be taken into account without fail, since the piping in the room depends on it. It is also worth paying attention that before installing a water heating system from the furnace, you should take care of installing the expansion tank (it is allowed to replace the accumulating tank), ensure that the pipelines are laid under a certain slope. If necessary (for example, with small sizes of a heated room), a circulation pump can be installed in the heating system , which will increase the efficiency of pumping the coolant.
Benefits
There are many opponents and supporters of the use of this heating option. The latter call the following advantages that wood-burning stoves for the home have:
- Savings on gas and electricity costs.
- There is no dependence on a centralized heating system.
- Environmental friendliness.
- Available fuel and necessary materials.
disadvantages
Home wood burning stoves have the following disadvantages:
- The need for manual control.
- Low system efficiency.
In fact, in order to heat a large area, it will take a lot of firewood, and it is technologically impossible to establish automatic fuel supply to the furnace. However, do not forget that many private houses are not so large in size, and their remoteness from civilization sometimes does not allow you to bring electric or gas networks to them. In this regard, a similar solution to the issue with the heating system has a right to exist, and sometimes there are no other options at all.
The simplest heating scheme
A wood-burning stove for heating a house works quite simply. In the process of burning coal, firewood or other fuel in a boiler, the heat carrier is heated. Through pipelines, the liquid is sent to heating devices (convectors or radiators), to which it gives its heat. It is due to this that the room is heated.
Circulation in a closed coolant system can be achieved in several ways. The cheapest of them will be natural circulation, carried out by means of a temperature difference. At the inlet of the boiler, the temperature of the coolant should be about 50-70 ° C, at the outlet - at least 90 ° C.
Design
So, before you start designing, you need to make a choice:
- Coolant.
- Heating appliances, as well as calculate their number.
- The diameter of the pipelines.
If a wood-burning stove for heating a house is selected as the heat source, then the heat carrier will most likely be water, and cast iron radiators will be the heating devices.
It is also worth noting that the pipelines with which wood heating will be arranged must be selected taking into account the number of radiators and the distance from the boiler to them. A diameter of 40-50 mm is enough for an outgoing hot line, 20-30 mm for a cold one. Throughout the site, you need to observe a slope, which will be 0.01 degrees in the direction of movement of the coolant.
Furnace installation
When choosing wood-burning stoves for homes for heating, you need to purchase certified products. After all, only branded products can guarantee the safety of your home.
- The first step in installing a heating system is to evaluate the location. The main thing is to determine the location of the furnace. For example, large stone wood-burning stoves for a house are built along the wall, metal and cast-iron stoves should not come in contact with fabric, wood or paper. Metals become very hot, so do not place the furnace equipment around corners or on the road.
- Be sure to notify local authorities that you plan to install wood-burning stoves for home fireplaces, especially with a water circuit. The construction of brick stoves must begin with permission.
- Under the furnace, the base should be made of heat-resistant and refractory material: concrete, ceramics, brick, etc. Since coals and sparks can fly out of this device, the dimensions of the coating must be calculated correctly.
- As soon as the measurements are completed and all the enclosing measures are completed, you can proceed to the installation of the furnace.
- If necessary, connect a chimney to the furnace.
Temperature Control Methods
If you need to control the temperature of the coolant, the heating of which is carried out by a furnace with a water heating system, then this is quite simple. Three main methods are possible here:
- Application of a damper blew. This is an excellent option that allows you to both reduce and increase the intensity of heating the liquid, as well as adjust the temperature indicators in the room.
- Increase in the amount of fuel burned. Of course, this method is only possible if it is necessary to raise the temperature of the coolant in the heating system to a specific value.
- The circulation pump device. This equipment provides pumping throughout the system of water or antifreeze, thereby ensuring high-quality heating of pipelines and radiators.
Operation tips
- It is important to monitor the cleanliness of the furnace equipment and to prevent the accumulation of ash in it.
- It is necessary to heat the wood stove with dry logs - they sound dull when tapped.
- Devices with heat exchangers are able to quickly heat the coolant, in this regard, a temperature control system should be provided.
- Do not neglect the services of chimney sweeps.