Water should be removed from the roof so that it does not fall on the facade and foundation. For this, metal roof gutters are mainly used . Their installation is not a problem if the roof is finished correctly and there is a reliable and solid foundation. In addition to the intended purpose, modern drainage structures perform a decorative function. Their color is selected so that it is in harmony with the facade or roof covering.
The composition of the drainage system
The system includes:
gutters;
pipes;
stubs;
funnels, knees;
turns;
nets for protection from debris and leaves;
fasteners (pins with clamps, brackets, gutter and pipe connectors).
Drains for the roof metal galvanized, with polymer coatings of different colors, are used most widely because of durability and strength. The most reliable are copper products, but they are much more expensive.
Drain system design selection
1. Flat roof
Gutters differ depending on the type of roof. If it is flat, then you can use the drain funnels that are inserted into the openings of the floors. Through them, water flows down the pipes. An internal precipitation method is preferred for areas with a cold climate. They go into the storm sewer system.
A drip can be mounted on the edge of the roof, which provides drainage into the gutters. When erecting a flat roof, slight slopes should be provided to the drain points. If there is a parapet through it, water exits through the scappers - roofing horizontal funnels. Pipes located outside are connected to them.
2. Inclined roof
For sloping roofs, external metal roof gutters are used . Their installation is made with the installation of gutters. This option is most common.
Drains for the roof metal. Price
The dimensions of the pipes and gutters depend on the area of the roof with which water flows. The table below will illustrate this.
Slope area, m 2 | less than 50 | 50-100 | more than 100 |
The width of the gutter, mm | 100 | 125 | 150 |
Pipe diameter mm | 75 | 87 | 100 |
Sizes are selected according to the area of the largest slope. Brackets for metal gutters are arranged in increments of 500-600 mm.
The gutter tilts at an angle of 2.5-3 mm / m. One pipe allows precipitation collected by the gutter with a length of not more than 10 m.
The number of funnels and pipes will be the same, and the turns are calculated depending on the complexity of the facade. There are 2-3 pieces of clamps. on one pipe. If it is composite, then each section should be attached separately. Clamps are always additionally installed at joints.
In a specialized construction store, you can pick up metal roof gutters for your home. Their price will be slightly higher than plastic. For metal, it is 200-400 rubles / m. Copper products look beautiful, but have a high cost and are designed for luxury homes.
The cost of plastic varies widely, depending on the quality.
The advantages of metal gutters
These products are distinguished by such qualities:
high strength during operation, especially under the influence of snow and ice in the winter season;
small changes in linear dimensions during temperature fluctuations;
galvanized metal roof drains have high corrosion resistance also due to the presence of additional polymer coatings;
at low and high temperatures, their strength does not decrease, while plastic structures in the cold become fragile;
do not fade when exposed to weather;
It does not burn and does not deform from heating.
Disadvantages Compared to Plastic Structures
Metal gutters have some disadvantages:
higher cost;
scratches are easily formed;
rain noise;
due to the fact that the weight is greater, reinforced fasteners are required;
more difficult to install metal roof gutters. Installation is particularly difficult for rectangular profiles where rivet joints are required.
Installation of a drain
Installation of metal gutters is performed at a height and requires the use of scaffolding, scaffolding, stepladders.
Gutters can be hung on hooks along the eaves. This design is called pendant. Installation can be done independently. On the fold roofs, wall gutters are used. Roofers usually install them when they cover the roof.
The system is installed before waterproofing and roofing are applied to the roof. Brackets are installed in compliance with the slope. First, the extreme ones are set, and then the rest (on a tightened twine). Through the crate, brackets should be attached to all rafters, which will bear the main load from the gutters. The remaining hooks will also serve as a support. When placing rafters with a large step, you should find a way to strengthen the fastening of the gutters. In winter and spring, the load from snow or ice increases significantly. If you remove it mechanically, you can damage the coating. The best way is to use a heating cable, which makes it possible to melt the accumulated ice.
To install funnels in the gutters, holes are cut out and the edges are bent down so that debris does not cling to them. This work is done on earth. Cutting a sheet with an abrasive disc is not recommended due to overheating of the edges and subsequent corrosion. But most do it. Therefore, the trimmed edges should be coated with a primer and paint. Nevertheless, thin metal should be cut with scissors, since sparks when using a grinder destroy the polymer coating. After that, a funnel is put on the gutter, which is fixed on it, and then the entire assembly is hung on the brackets and fixed. A mesh is installed in the drain hole to protect the pipes from clogging. It should be checked and cleaned of contaminants annually.
The corner is attached to the gutters with special connectors. At the same time, it is suspended on two separate brackets.
The main installation requirement is the tightness of the system. When collecting gutters in the direction of the slope, each next is inserted into the previous one with an overlap of 20-30 mm. Optional rubber seals or sealant can be used. To protect against debris and leaves, the gutter is covered with a net called a "spider."
Before installing the pipes, clamps are first attached to the walls of the house. At the bottom there should be a drain elbow, the distance of which from the blind area is 30 cm.
If water flows from the valley, then a drainage funnel is installed under it, which is attached to the cornice and inserted into the pipe.
Rectangular metal drains are interconnected using rivets. Similarly, corners and stubs are attached to them. Sealing joints are mandatory.
The principle of operation of the system is extremely simple and consists in the fact that water escaping from the roof enters the gutter, then flows into the pipes through funnels, and then goes to the drainage system or containers. The territory near the house and on the site should not be eroded.
Conclusion
The most popular roof drains for our regions are metal. Installation is a high price, they are in higher demand compared to plastic because of their high strength and durability.