Turning on the light, using electrical appliances, we do not think about how the power supply in our house begins. And it begins in any building, even in a small summer cottage, with an electric shield.
Kinds
The switchboard is the location of metering and distribution devices, protection of the power grid, and communications. The installation of this complex device is a responsible matter requiring special knowledge in electrical engineering. But, having basic information, you can install an electrical panel for giving yourself.
You need to start by choosing one of the two existing options for shields - internal (hidden installation) or overhead (outdoor installation). The first one looks more aesthetically pleasing, but requires additional preparatory work. However, if you plan to install a street electrical panel for a summer residence on the outer wall or put a shield inside the house so that it will not catch your eye, then it is quite possible to do with an overhead box.
Base installation
To install the internal electrical panel, you need to prepare a special niche in the wall corresponding to its dimensions. It is clear that the wall thickness should be such that it was possible to "drown" in it the entire device to the desired depth. An overhead electrical panel for a summer residence does not need such preparation, it is enough to fix it on the wall using any suitable fasteners.
Scope Options
An ideal option would be to purchase an electric switchboard for the dacha assembly, rather than assembling it in parts, because sometimes it is quite difficult to find all the parts that would fit in the shield and be securely fixed there.
When selecting the size of the switchboard, it is necessary to proceed from the number of protection devices and circuit breakers, and also take into account the reserve in case of connection, if necessary in the future, of additional objects of electricity consumption. Everyone knows: building a summer house is an endless process.
A standard switchboard for a summer residence usually consists of a meter, a two-pole circuit breaker, circuit breakers according to consumer groups and RCDs (residual current circuit breakers).
In addition, for the installation of UZO and AZ, a DIN rail, grounding buses (if there is a circuit), a box for sealing the input AZ, a connecting bus, connecting wires with a section corresponding to the load, and cambric for double insulation of wires will be required.
Instrument Installation
Typically, the power supply at home consists of several groups: lighting, power, power and others. Each group must be connected through a separate protection device. It is recommended that any high-power appliance (washing machine, air conditioner, water heater, oven, etc.) be provided with a separate circuit breaker for safety reasons.
In the conditions of the cottage, it would be very prudent to put an RCD for the line of street sockets, which serve to turn on garden equipment and power tools, as well as on the bath line, where there is an increased risk of electric shock. RCD is an expensive device, so the desire of consumers to save on their installation is understandable. In a small summer cottage, you can limit the number of protective devices or put one common RCD at the entrance.
Sometimes, due to the lack of space in the shield, it is necessary to use differential circuit breakers - AZ and RCD “in one bottle”. Such combined devices are very expensive, partly and therefore not worth saving on the size of the shield.
Automation filling the electrical panel for a summer residence should be purchased only from reliable manufacturers, because the safety of people depends on the quality of these devices.