The construction of any home, whatever its purpose, begins with the foundation. More precisely, with its markup. There is a minimal set of tools to help with this. In addition, you need to have at least a rough house plan in order to know the desired dimensions. How to lay out the foundation for the house? There are several nuances to keep in mind.
Firstly, the foundation is marked out not only along the perimeter of the future building, but also in depth. And it depends on what materials the house will be made of. The heavier it is, the more thoroughly the foundation should be and the deeper it is.
Secondly, before you lay out the foundation for the home, you need to acquire some equipment. This is a tape measure (construction, 20 meters), a bayonet spade, a cord and a level. The latter is needed so that the future foundation is smooth. In the future, this will only be a plus during construction and decoration.
Thirdly, before marking the foundation for the house, you need to pick up the pegs that will drive along the edges of the markings. And not only for them. Having noted the main perimeter, you need to measure each room in the house separately. There will also be a foundation, and then a base. This gives the building solidity, which is the key to longevity.
Laying out the foundation of the house is necessary so that the construction is not only solid, but also smooth. In the future, this eliminates the need to align the walls in the rooms. In addition, it is much easier and faster to put a base on a foundation that is inferred in level. After all the pegs are driven in, you can start digging the ground. How deep to dig? Usually it is 25-40 centimeters. This will be enough for brickwork, as well as for houses made of timber or foam blocks.
After the perimeter is dug, you can start digging under the interior partitions. Many neglect this, and in vain. The foundation at the base of the partitions makes it possible to make more solid walls, with good noise and heat insulation. Each room will be separate. And at the same time, separate rooms will be interconnected.
Before you mark the foundation for the house, do not forget to prepare a bunch for the foundation. The fittings are quite suitable. This will make the foundation strong, durable and stable. A bundle is needed both around the perimeter and inside it, under the partitions. Such a foundation can stand up to a hundred years. Nor should there be any visible “injuries”.
So, how to lay out the foundation for the house? A few points:
- Plan of the house.
- Perimeter marking.
- Driving stakes.
- Digging the foundation in depth.
- Partition marking.
- Determining the level of the foundation at all stages.
An important role is played by the soil on which excavation takes place under construction. Soft soils have the property of "drowning" structures. That is why it is important not only to correctly lay out the foundation, but also to fill it. In addition, he needs to survive for about a year until complete shrinkage. This will guarantee that the building does not warp in the first few years. It’s better not to break the sequence of actions, otherwise a completely unexpected result may turn out.