Today in the territory of our country a very large number of summer residents grow fruit trees on their personal plot. In order for them to bring a good harvest every year, they need to provide proper care.
It is believed that the variety of apples White filling can grow only in the Central and North-West region. But in fact, the intensive development of amateur gardening has allowed the spread of this variety in the Urals, Altai and Western Siberia.
Apple-tree White filling has earned great love for consistently high yields and excellent indicators of resistance to frost. This variety is especially liked by breeders in their work. There are more than 20 varieties of apples White filling, including those that belong to the Altai selection.
View Features
What is different from other apple trees White filling? The variety description will largely depend on the climatic zone. These apples are not afraid of low temperatures and are characterized by excellent resistance to frost. On average, trees reach a height of up to five meters. The crown of a growing tree looks like a pyramid. In mature trees, it is rounded. Young people have a smooth bark, while the old ones have a slightly rough bark. The leaves are medium sized in shape resembling an ellipse. The apple tree blossoms with white-pink small round inflorescences. The formation of fruits is carried out on white-skinned gloves. Apples hanging on a tree may slightly turn pink at the time of ripening. Fruits have a rounded shape. The average weight of apples is 150 grams.
As the tree grows, they can become smaller. The fruits have a juicy pulp of white color. It has a sweetish taste, with acidity and a pleasant smell. In the vegetative period, the apple tree enters about five years after the planting process. With a reasonably chosen agricultural technology, there is a great chance to get a fairly high crop. One tree per season can produce about two hundred kilograms of fruit. As the tree ages, yield gradually decreases. Ripe ripped apples can be stored for no longer than three weeks.
Fruits do not tolerate transportation. Brown spots and dents may appear on them. The pulp during long-term storage becomes loose. Apples must be processed immediately after harvest. As for resistance to diseases and pests, here the apple variety White filling receives only positive reviews. However, this variety is not suitable for commercial gardening. Apples quickly lose their presentation and easily deteriorate during transportation. Nevertheless, this is an early instance, which already in the middle of summer will be able to provide its owners with a crop.
The species in question is not able to pollinate on its own. It is recommended to plant next to it apple trees of other varieties, such as Medunitsa, Antonovka, Ottawa and Aromat de Varé.
Advantages and disadvantages
What is good about the White Bulk apple tree? Description, photos and recommendations are most often of interest to beginner gardeners.
The advantages of the variety include:
- high productivity;
- early ripening apples;
- resistance to frost;
- earlier entry into the fruiting stage.
This variety of apples also has disadvantages. These include:
- short shelf life;
- rapid loss of presentation;
- difficulties in transportation;
- problems with fruit processing with long shelf life;
- loss of palatability of apples;
- irregular fruiting;
- vulnerability to scab lesion.
Care
So what do you need to know about this? How to care for the apple White filling? The tree will grow in the garden for a long time and give a rich harvest if you are serious about planting it. First, you need to choose a quality seedling. Secondly, decide on a place for landing. Try to prepare a well in advance for the seedling and dressing for it. The apple tree in the first three years must provide proper care.
How to choose a seedling?
So, what are the features of the growth of the apple tree White filling? Description of the variety will help you choose the right seedling for your site. A two-year-old seedling grafted onto an ordinary stock is best suited. One year old will do. In height, it should reach at least 0.5 m. Saplings with a closed root system are easily acclimated and almost do not get sick.
When buying, try to check whether the tree grew in a pot or was planted there immediately before the sale. Deception is easy to identify. You just need to pull the trunk. If the seedling grew in a pot, then it will not be easy to pull it out. If he was immersed in a container immediately before the sale, then it will be very easy to get it.
Pay attention to the roots.
A healthy root system should be:
- elastic;
- light;
- the roots should not break when bent;
- based on the absence of mechanical damage and growths;
- the plant has a central root and five outgoing from it.
The maximum planting time for seedlings with an open root system is two weeks. It is advisable to buy young plants just before planting in the garden.
Choosing the right place
Let's dwell on this issue in more detail. Clay soil is poorly suited for White filling. If it is not possible to choose another place, then you just need to add sand and fertilizers to the soil. This will significantly improve its structure. White filling does not take root well on acidic soil. It is recommended to additionally deoxidize the soil. Experienced gardeners claim that White Bulk grows best in loams. In such soil, the apple tree can not even be fertilized. It is recommended to add saltpeter to acidic soil. This will help significantly reduce acidity. A distance of approximately 2.5 meters should remain from the landing pit to the fence.
The timing
When is it better to plant White filling? The apple tree will take root well if planted in the middle lane in the fall. In other cases, it is permissible to plant a plant in spring. In the second case, the seedling needs to be planted until the buds bloom on it. In autumn, it is best to plant a tree at a time when the leaves fall.
Preparation for landing
How to approach this process? Whatever period you choose, it is recommended to prepare a landing pit in the fall.
To do this, you must evenly sprinkle fertilizer on the site of your choice with the following composition:
- superphosphate - 30 g;
- humus - 2 buckets;
- nitrogen fertilizers - 15 g.
After that, you need to dig the earth along with fertilizers. The dimensions of the pit should be 60x60 cm. The bottom of the recess must be dug up. 2 buckets of humus, 100 grams of superphosphate, 50 g of potash fertilizers are added to the earth, taken out of the pit. You can add another 50 grams of ammonium nitrate. The soil enriched with fertilizers is poured into the bottom of the pit with a hill. Everything is ready for landing.
Plant an apple tree
This process should be taken very seriously. How to plant a white filling? The apple tree is unpretentious and easily takes root. Simply place the seedling on a hill and gently spread the roots. The main thing is that the root neck is above ground level. It is necessary to fill the pit with earth, compact it and form a small roller at the edges. Be sure to water the seedling, even if it rains on the day chosen for planting. At least three buckets of water must be allocated to each tree. After watering, the area around the trunk is lightly sprinkled with mulch. For this purpose, humus, peat or manure are perfect. The thickness of the layer should be at least five centimeters. Then it’s worth tying the seedling to a support driven into the center of the recess.
What care does an apple tree require? White filling? Description, photos and recommendations of experienced gardeners allow us to say that caring for a tree needs quite standard. In the first years of life, it is important to trim the crown correctly. Young branches, the thickness of which does not exceed 1.5 cm, can be cut with secateurs. Thicker processes are removed using a hacksaw. This formative pruning helps the growth of new shoots. In addition, it allows you to ensure the correct shape of the crown and does not allow thickening. To get a rounded, you need to cut branches growing at an acute angle to the trunk. They must be removed without leaving any stumps. The slice should be covered with garden var. The processes that grow correctly should be shortened by the third kidney.
Fertilizers are required throughout the life of the apple tree. This is especially true of depleted lands. Potash and phosphorus fertilizers contribute to the growth of the root system and can accelerate fruiting. Nutrients can begin to be added a year after planting. In spring, the plant needs to be fed with urea. It is prepared at the rate of one bucket of water and two tablespoons of fertilizer per tree. In autumn, the plant is fed with superphosphate in the same proportions. The tree needs to be watered from early spring until the end of October. With the formation of ovaries and fruits, the number of irrigation should be increased. To prevent root decay, the soil in the area near the trunk must be loosened after each watering. In the heat, in addition to moisturizing, the plant requires mulching with humus or dry grass.
Diseases and Pests
What diseases are typical for the apple-tree White filling? The reviews of experienced gardeners confirm that most often the plant is affected by scab, powdery mildew, aphids, apple moths, apple blossoms, and leafworms.
Today on sale in flower shops there are many drugs to combat pests and diseases. Great efficacy is demonstrated by such drugs as Binom, Zodon, Atom, Tod and Calypso. Young trees are processed quite easily. But with adults there may be problems.
What are the problems faced by gardeners who grow apple trees White filling? Description and reviews confirm that most often the plant affects the scab. This is a fungal disease caused by a marsupial fungus. The main signs of this ailment are yellow-green spots, which subsequently turn black. With high air humidity caused by frequent fogs and rains, the disease can actively spread throughout the plant. As a result, leaf decay is observed, and the fruits lose their aesthetic and taste.
Prevention
So what is needed for this? So that the apple tree does not suffer from diseases, it is necessary to perform the following procedures:
- cutting affected branches;
- harvesting and destroying leaves in the fall;
- disinfection with a solution of copper sulfate;
- whitewash the trunk;
- processing plants using special preparations - "Rayek", "Zircon", "Fitosporin-M".
If these measures were ineffective, then the scab can be cured only with fungicides. The first spraying is carried out in March. For this purpose, you need to take 100 g of copper sulfate in a bucket of water. The prepared solution must be treated on all sides of the plant.
Re-treatment is carried out after the buds begin to bloom. It is best to use drugs such as Fitolavin, Horus, Strobi, Skor and Gamair during this period. After all the fruits have been removed, a third treatment with copper sulfate or fungicides can be carried out.
Reviews
Many beginner gardeners are interested in the apple-tree White filling. Description, photos, reviews - all these aspects are in favor of this variety. Despite the short shelf life of the fruit, gardeners love this view. This can be judged by the reviews. Many people prefer this variety due to the fact that it gives its first fruits in mid-July. Even fallen apples are characterized by excellent taste characteristics. Premature shedding of fruits and ovaries may be due to a lack of fertilizer. As for the shortcomings, many emphasize the irregularity of fruiting. An apple tree may not produce crops annually. Some do not like the sweet and sour taste of the fruit. Since apples are not stored, they are recommended to be processed immediately, for example, to make juice. Best White filling grows in the Central Black Earth region. However, the variety is widespread in colder regions. He tolerates frosts well and is not afraid of harsh winters.
Conclusion
What is good about the White filling apple tree variety (description and photo are presented in this article)? The variety under consideration is unpretentious, can grow both in warm regions and in medium latitude. With proper care, the apple tree will delight you with a rich harvest. One drawback is that for a long time the fruits of the tree cannot be stored in white; they must be processed immediately. As for the mandatory procedures, the tree requires regular watering and fertilizer.
What pests and ailments are affected by the White filling apple tree? Photos of diseased plants will help you sort out the type of pest. White bulk is often affected by aphids, scab or powdery mildew. To combat diseases, it is necessary to cut off damaged areas and treat the plant with special solutions. For the prevention of ailments, experienced flower growers recommend regularly cleaning up fallen leaves, whitening the trunk and disinfecting the apple tree with a solution of copper sulfate.
If you follow all the recommendations presented in this article, then no problems should arise.