Zemklunika, or Fragaria, refers to berry. Culture, as is already clear from its name, has incorporated the qualities of strawberries and strawberries. Its fruits are aromatic and large. This plant is completely man-made. Nowhere in nature until the twentieth century did not meet dredger.
Description
This amazing culture has appeared in our country thanks to the hard work of specialists from Biryulyovo. Using special methods of exposure, they at the end of the seventies of the twentieth century as a result of pollinating pollen of garden strawberry female strawberry flowers received viable offspring. The hybrid is quite resistant to seed reproduction. The plant is characterized by excellent winter hardiness, it is unpretentious and delights gardeners with its delicious, fragrant, aromatic berries.
The dioecious dredge has tall powerful bushes and beautiful corrugated flowers. Most varieties have an upright stalk. The berries practically do not touch the ground, they are well-blown and do not get dirty, therefore they are very rarely affected by gray rot, and crop losses even in rainy weather are minimized. Zemkulniki abundant flowering. During this period, the plant looks very interesting, as if wearing a chic white hat. Fruits, ripening, take an oblong shape. They are painted in red or burgundy and have a purple hue. With proper care, their number is simply amazing. From one bush you can collect up to three hundred grams of dense berries. The fruits are well transported and have an extraordinary taste with a nutmeg aroma.
Landing Features
Only subject to all agrotechnical standards of the dredger, reviews about which are mostly only good, will delight gardeners with a sufficient number of delicious berries. Before planting, prepare the soil. Firstly, in the pits you need to make fertilizing from mineral and organic fertilizers. Next, the soil should be dug carefully. Dredging can be planted either in spring or at the end of summer, closer to autumn. However, experts consider the first option the most optimal. As already mentioned, this culture is quite lush, therefore, it is impossible to plant planting material to each other very close. Forty centimeters is the most optimal distance between the bushes of a plant such as dredger. Seedlings in the ground can be placed both in a checkerboard pattern and in two beds.
Care
The main condition for obtaining a good harvest is the choice of site. The place for planting the crop should be open, well-lit. If there is even partial shade on it, then very few fruits can be tied, and even they will not taste so sweet and aromatic. In this case, the berries ripen two weeks later. Zemklunika requires careful enough care. An important role in it is feeding. Three periods are supposed in which to fertilize is a prerequisite: before and during flowering, as well as after fruit set.
In autumn, the plant needs to be sheltered for the winter, but only if there is little snow in the region. With a large amount of precipitation, you should not worry. As shelter, the most commonly used is spruce branches.
Another urgent step in the process of caring for the dredger is to remove the antennae. If this is not done, the fruit may be affected by gray rot. Most often, this disease affects a crop growing on soil with high humidity. Dredging should be watered constantly, especially during the drought season.
Penelope variety
This medium-early, very winter-hardy and extremely resistant to disease and pests variety of culture has delicious dark cherry with purple hue. They are distinguished by a special aroma and delicate pulp. Zemlunnika varieties of "penelope" at the first harvest from the bush gives a yield of up to two hundred and fifty grams. This hybrid was obtained by crossing strawberries and strawberries "Milanese", which is closer in quality. Judging by the reviews, the penelope dredger reproduces very quickly. In the second year of life, there are already up to twenty peduncles on it. This variety requires a lot of moisture, so many gardeners grow it in fairly low areas. In addition, with the carpet method of growing bushes completely cover the bed, so the soil is always wet. However, during dry times, additional watering is necessary. This is necessary so that the berries become larger, and the crop is richer.
Zemklunika "merchant"
Russian gardeners have learned about this variety relatively recently. Nevertheless, the “merchant” dredger has already become quite popular. It is a product of Russian breeders from the Kokinsky VSTISP. The authors of this hybrid variety claim that the "merchant" has collected the best characteristics of their "parents", and in some respects even surpassed them. This dredger has practically no shortcomings. It is partially similar to strawberries and wild strawberries. Judging by the reviews, this statement is fully true. For crossbreeding, breeders used European nutmeg strawberries and large-fruited garden strawberries. Zemklunika varieties "merchant" is fully consistent with the qualities declared by breeders. She has powerful and tall bushes. Wide triple leaves of a juicy green color grow to twenty-five centimeters.
Zemklunika cultivars "merchant" can throw up to fifteen or more peduncles, which flaunts about ten white flowers with bright yellow centers. When the plant blooms, the leaves are almost invisible. The flower stalks of the dredges of this variety are strong and thick: they are able to withstand a fairly rich crop. The berries of the "merchant" are large, reaching a length of up to six centimeters and weighing up to twenty-five grams. They are oblong, painted in a ruby-burgundy color with a purple tint. Their shape is very unusual. Judging by the reviews, this is what attracts many gardeners. Sometimes the “merchant” has oblong berries with three and two horns. The first of them and the largest can be collected already in mid-June, when peduncles are just beginning to be thrown out in neighboring beds where ordinary strawberries grow. Weather conditions have almost no effect on the crop. Each plant can produce up to four hundred grams of delicious and very fragrant berries.
Variety "gift"
This species is a hybrid of strawberries and strawberries. It tolerates both heat and frost. Zemklunik varieties "gift" pleases gardeners with large berries, reaching a weight of more than fifty grams. They have a sweet nutmeg taste and practically do not deteriorate, since they rarely bow to the ground. Zemklunika "gift" is an improved version of the famous variety "merchant". In this case, the ripening of berries on it occurs more evenly and two days earlier. The nose of the “gift” fruits is more pointed.
Raisa
This variety has dark red with a purple tint roundish fruits, having a mass of eight to ten grams. Their taste is dominated by a rich strawberry flavor. Zemklunik "Raisa" looks very powerful plant. Its peduncles are much higher than the leaves. The pulp of the fruits is cherry red, it is juicy and has an average density. Berries on the bush are arranged in heaps of high peduncles, so they are easy enough to collect. Raisa has bisexual flowers, conical oval and very fragrant berries, the first of which reach a weight of up to twenty grams.
The Knight
This the dredge variety is considered the most winter-hardy. Even in the most severe colds, its leaves remain green. Zemklunika varieties "hero" has a good yield. Subject to the correct growing conditions, up to seven hundred grams of fruit can be collected from each bush. They ripen in late June. Peduncles of the “knight”, towering above the foliage, reach ten or more pieces on each bush.
Variety "Hope Zagorye"
This dredge has powerful bushes and high strong and fairly thick peduncles. She is the very first hybrid in this breeding series. The flowers of the variety are bisexual, not requiring an additional variety for pollination. The first berries reach a mass of up to twenty grams. Zemklunik cultivar “Hope Zagorye” is fruitful: more than two dozen berries can ripen on each bush.
Kokinskaya
To date, a lot of dredges are bred. Judging by the reviews, this hybrid culture has become quite widespread among domestic gardeners. But the largest distribution was received by the Kokinskaya Selective dredger. Her berries are really everything as a selection - unusually large. They have an elongated, sometimes even slightly flat, isthmus and curved sepals. By its qualities, the variety is closer to strawberries.
The fruits of the “Kokinsky perfect” are very dense. On them are superficial golden seeds. The berries are unevenly colored: they have dark red and greenish hues, apparently strawberry qualities. But this is noticeable only at the beginning of their maturation. Then the berries become evenly colored dark red. The pulp is pinkish-red, has excellent taste and aroma.
Additional Information
Zemklunik can be grown not only as an edible and incredibly useful crop, quickly entering the fruiting period, but also as an ornamental plant. Many gardeners are used to the need to prepare separate beds for it, mostly rectangular. But not everyone knows that dredges can be planted with rosettes around a flower bed. This way you can not only save space, but also help crops growing in the neighborhood to winter successfully, especially when the frosts are too strong. In addition, dredging will decorate the flowerbed, because it looks beautiful not only during flowering, but also after. After all, its leaves remain green for a long time. And some varieties, even leaving to winter, do not dump them.
Zemkluniki can be edged paths leading to the house. Designers believe that it can be planted in all free open places: in workplaces or flower beds, and near bushes and trees. And already in the second year after planting seedlings in the ground, you can not only admire the beauty of the site, but also get a decent harvest of very tasty and fragrant berries. Moreover, luxurious dredger bushes with their powerful roots and large leaves suppress weed growth. They are great for sodding the plot. The soil covered with bushes dredges, generally does not need weeding. It is enough for the gardener in early spring to open the ground with a pitchfork, slightly raising the plants.