All types of metal profiles, which are lengthy products with different cross-sectional shapes, are produced by rolling the sheet.
Product Benefits
- Strength.
- Ease.
- Profitability.
- High installation speed.
- Long service life.
These properties of the profiles make it possible to use them in the construction of buildings and in their decoration of various levels of complexity. In this case, a force calculation of the supporting structures is necessary.
Types of deformation of metal profiles from load - elastic and plastic. The latter is irreversible and should not be allowed, as this leads to the destruction of the structure.
Metal profile: types
Depending on the purpose, the profiles come in different forms and manufacturing methods. They must be protected from corrosion by zinc and other coatings.
1. Profile pipe
A profile is a hollow product with a cross-sectional shape in the form of a square, rectangle, oval, polygon. It is intended for outdoor construction and finishing works. Various metal structures, doorways, floor beams, rafters are erected from it.
The profile is an analogue of a wooden or reinforced concrete beam. It is produced by cold or hot deformation of sheet metal. The complexity of manufacturing depends on the size and thickness of the walls. Welding is mainly used, but there are also seamless products obtained by deformation of a round pipe.
As the material of the profiles, steel of various grades and aluminum alloys are used. The width of the products is 10-180 mm, and the wall thickness is 1-12 mm.
The types of metal profiles are diverse, but the products with square and rectangular sections have the highest bending strength. Compared to hot rolled long products, metal is consumed 20% less. In this case, the surface area in contact with the atmosphere is less by 40%. This requires less corrosion protection.
Installation of profiles is carried out by electric welding, but clamps and other fasteners can be used. Metal structures are light weight and high strength.
In everyday life, profiles of small sizes and simple shapes are used, and in industry - the most diverse types of metal profiles (photo below).
A steel profile pipe is used in the construction of pavilions, stalls, sports grounds, supports for various purposes, billboards.
The minimum dimensions are suitable for the manufacture of furniture, sports equipment, interior decoration. As the supporting structures of private houses, profiles with a section of 100x100x6 mm and higher are used.
Aluminum products are used when necessary to create structures with low weight, ductility and high resistance to corrosion. Their transverse dimensions do not exceed 80 mm, and the corners can be rounded or straight. To increase strength and ductility, aluminum alloys with the addition of manganese, copper and magnesium are created.
2. Profiles for the installation of drywall
Profiles are used to create building and finishing structures indoors. They are distinguished by section shapes and sizes. They make the frameworks of partitions, suspended ceilings, and also used for wall cladding. Mostly they use a metal profile for drywall, the types of which are as follows:
- rack-mount (PS);
- guide (PN);
- ceiling (PP);
- angular (PU);
- bent (PG).
PS is a strip bent from tin in the form of a channel. It is easily deformed during the production of profiles and can be made manually using simple machines. For rigidity, there are longitudinal corrugations.
PS is intended for the manufacture of uprights, partitions or wall cladding. It is mounted together with a suitable size of the guide profile. Their forms provide for a tight connection between themselves. The holes in the walls of the PS are designed for wiring.
The PN serves as horizontal guides with a U-shape into which vertical posts are inserted. It also serves as guides for PP of appropriate sizes.
PP is used for wall cladding and in the manufacture of a suspended ceiling frame. It is attached to the base with suspensions. It is convenient to purchase profiles for a false ceiling complete with connectors. Then its installation is easy and quick.
A corner profile protects the outer corners of the drywall panel from damage. The acute angle of the cross section allows the profile to fit snugly against the cladding. It is made with perforation so that the putty penetrates through the holes and firmly fastens the metal with the skin.
The GHG is convex or concave and can be with different radii of curvature. It serves to create arches and multi-level ceilings.
3. Accessories
All types of metal profiles for drywall are attached using the following accessories.
- A two-level profile connector when they intersect with each other. It is supplied unfolded and needs to be bent into the shape of the letter “P” before installation. Fixation is performed by self-tapping screws that are screwed into the perforation.
- A single-level crab connector is used to fasten profiles when they cross crosswise. It latches onto the profiles and is still fixed with self-tapping screws at high loads.
- Direct suspension is used to mount the racks to the walls, as well as when installing the ceiling.
- The profile extension is used when it is necessary to increase it.
Plasterboard sheets are attached to the profiles with metal screws. Together with a press washer, they are suitable for all types of joints. Their tips are pierced or drilled. The frame is fixed to the walls with self-tapping screws with plastic dowels, and the suspension to the ceiling - with an anchor wedge or ceiling dowel.
Types of metal profile for the roof
The rafter system of the house is made of steel in order to reduce loads, increase service life and fire safety.
Types of metal profiles for load-bearing structures include bent and hot-rolled, but the latter have more weight and consumption (channel, beam, corner). The crate is also made of steel. At the same time, all metal is protected from corrosion by a zinc or other anticorrosion coating.
The advantages of metal structures
- Profiled steel is a durable and lightweight material.
- Fire safety.
- Lack of deformations inherent in wooden structures.
- Compatibility with a roofing material: a professional flooring and a metal tile.
- No waste during installation.
Features of manufacturing a roof from a profile
The roof structure must first be calculated for strength. To withstand climatic influences, the coating is securely attached to the crate, which is a metal profile. Types can be different, but the most common are hat galvanized steel lattices.
Their price is higher than that of similar wooden structures. But they can be cheaper than a bar with the same technical characteristics. Sometimes mixed structures made of wood and metal are used. It should be noted that condensation on the metal can cause waterlogging and decay of the tree in contact with it. In addition, metal is a bridge of cold, and the roof must be properly insulated.
Rafters with trusses are attached to the walls with anchor bolts and are fixed for a while in an upright position. Then, a hat profile is laid across, and a coating is attached to it.
Thermoprofile
Types of metal profiles include a thermal profile, outwardly similar to the usual for drywall. The only difference is that it contains perforations designed to reduce heat loss through cold bridges. The holes are staggered. Cutting the sheet allows you to extend the heat flux through the metal, which significantly reduces heat loss, and also improves the vibration and sound insulation characteristics of the material compared to a tree of the same size. The external beams of the house are built from the thermo-profile, and the facade is also sheathed for insulation and thermal contours under the roof.
Conclusion
In the manufacture of metal frames, it is necessary to know the types of metal profiles and their purpose.
Also for their fastening, various additional elements are used to facilitate installation. It should be correctly oriented in all varieties and sizes of profiles.