Among thousands of varieties of roses, floribunda is undoubtedly one of the most beautiful. Delicate, noble and abundantly flowering plants with indescribable beauty of flowers, are able to decorate any household plot. Today we will review the varieties of rose floribunda, planting and caring for which are not particularly troublesome and very pleasant. The magnificent view of a flowering shrub is not the only advantage of this rose. But first things first.
Description of rose floribunda
The history of this flower dates back to 1924, thanks to breeder Svend Poulsen. It was he who managed to get a floribunda rose from tea-hybrid and nutmeg varieties, baptizing them with hybrid polyanthus. But the name of the flower was in 1952. As a result of this difficult crossing, a very colorful plant was obtained with a long flowering period and resistance to cold, as well as various diseases.
The floribunda rose variety has tall, erect shoots reaching a height of more than 110 centimeters. Delicate flowers vaguely resemble a tea rose, only a little smaller. The shape of the flower depends on the variety variety and can be either flat, or goblet or cupped. During flowering, the bush is covered with ten or more simple or double flowers.
Benefits
Planting and caring for a rose floribunda is a fairly simple process. She is not afraid of even severe frosts and quickly recovers if mechanical or thermal damage does occur. If we compare this type of roses with tea hybrid, the floribunda clearly wins, thanks to resistance to many diseases. The use of this plant is carried out both for decorating the site, and for cutting roses. In general, both beginners and experienced gardeners give preference to the rose floribunda because of a number of advantages:
- self-cleaning ability - at the end of the flowering period, the flowers fall themselves;
- the widest range of various varieties;
- resistance to prolonged cold and frost;
- unpretentiousness in leaving;
- the possibility of growing both in open ground and in room conditions, in flower pots.
In addition, throughout the long flowering period, the bush exudes a stunning aroma.
Names of rose varieties floribunda
Among the many varieties of this rose, it is sometimes so difficult to find any particular variety that can decorate your site. To make the choice of gardeners a little easier, we offer a brief overview of the most popular varieties of rose floribunda with a description.
Carte Blanche. Tall bushes with very dense foliage with high decorative quality. The height of such a bush can reach one meter. Snow-white, terry flowers of a small size cover the bush from summer to autumn. The only weakness of this species is its sensitivity to fungal diseases.
Galaxy Bushes of medium height, reaching about 70-80 centimeters. The beauty of the pastel yellow hue of the petals painted pinkish around the edges can only be appreciated after the buds are fully opened. Small double flowers have a delicate aroma of linseed oil.
Bluewender. Incredibly beautiful variety, which is a low, sprawling bush covered with dark green leaves with a smooth surface. Inflorescences of pink terry flowers densely adorn the entire bush, so this variety is most often planted in the foreground. The variety is resistant to certain diseases, which is appreciated by various awards.
Niccolo Paganini. One of the classic varieties, representing a powerful bush, with bright red flowers. Often used to make bouquets, and is loved by gardeners because of its high resistance to frost and disease.
Sangria. One of the new varieties, characterized by very unusual bunk flowers of bright raspberry color. The lower petals of the flower have a six-centimeter diameter, and the upper - three-centimeter, while they are slightly pointed. The brightness of the flowers is maintained throughout the flowering period. You can grow this variety in almost any region and without fear of disease.
Frisia Dense and compact bushes, with a diameter of about 70 centimeters. This variety of roses blooms with bright yellow terry flowers that do not lose their color even with prolonged exposure to the sun. One of the very first Frisia blooms begins.
Blue Bazhu. A rarely used variety of roses, due to numerous shortcomings. High susceptibility to temperature and humidity and lack of immunity to diseases makes the care of these plants quite troublesome. But for true connoisseurs of beauty, the most delicate flowers of a bluish-lilac color, even whimsical care is not an obstacle.
Breeding
Roses are propagated mainly by cuttings or grafting. Most preferred for roses is floribunda the first method. The selection of cuttings must be carried out only after the stems are stiffened. The peculiarity of cutting the cuttings is to comply with the cut angles - the top should be straight, and the lower part of the cut is cut at an angle of 45 degrees.
The diameter of the pit for planting floribunda rose seedlings should be at least fifteen centimeters, and the distance between them should be about thirty centimeters. To obtain a vertical plant, it is very important to make the recess in the pit vertical on one side. After that, carry out the planting of the handle, half immersing it in the ground and covering the top with a film. For better rooting of the handle, regular watering, loosening of the soil, top dressing and periodic ventilation (film removal) are required. Before the onset of winter, plantings are sheltered, and transplanted to a permanent place no earlier than three years later.
Preparing pits and soil for a rose
The soil for planting floribunda roses should have good drainage and a composition rich in organic matter. Also, for the development of lush vegetation and the ovary of a large number of healthy and developing kidneys, a sufficient amount of minerals is important.
The main rule for successful engraftment of roses is to observe the depth of grafting into the soil - not more than three centimeters. Before planting a rose, prepare the soil for the pit. To do this, make a mixture of sand, peat and humus, in a 1: 1: 1 ratio, add 0.5 parts of fine clay to them and fertilize them with superphosphates and bone meal. The finished mixture is thoroughly mixed and poured into the pit. After planting, the ground is well spilled with water and covered with a layer of wood sawdust. They will prevent rapid evaporation, thereby retaining moisture in the soil longer.
It is important to observe the distance between future bushes, in order to avoid reducing the number of flowers and increasing the likelihood of developing various diseases, especially fungal. Also, the landing site should be well lit by the sun and provided with a constant influx of fresh air.
Watering
Due to the lush and dense greenery, the rose bush floribunda quickly evaporates moisture. Therefore, it is advisable to mulch the soil around the bush - this will slow down the loss of water and significantly stop the development of weed plants. regular and moderate watering is the key to a healthy and beautiful bush that will delight you with abundant flowering. An important point of watering is its accuracy - you should avoid getting water on the buds and already blossoming flowers.
For irrigation use settled water, which is recommended to be poured under a bush from a watering can, but without a sprayer. This method will protect not only inflorescences, but also leaves from water. Since on moist leaves fungal infections develop faster.
Top dressing
Fertilize the plant several times over the entire season. The first top dressing is carried out in the spring, during planting. All the rest - from the beginning of flowering until its end, every 2-3 weeks. But, at the same time, floribunda is sensitive to an excess of mineral fertilizers, especially in the case of heavy soil, from which fertilizing is washed out much longer.
When fertilizing plants with manure, the roots should be protected from direct contact. This is especially detrimental to young seedlings. Therefore, the introduction of manure is best done long before planting.
Pruning
Rose floribunda, like all other varieties of this noble flower, needs pruning. In her case, a weak haircut is quite enough, which will not only update the plant, but also give it a neat shape, improving decorative qualities. In addition, timely pruning prolongs flowering and increases the number of buds.
The main pruning is done in the spring, when the first leaves begin to bloom on the bush. Strong shoots are cut to a length of 10 to 20 centimeters, while leaving at least three generative buds on each of them. In the weaker, it is enough to leave 1-2 kidneys. Shoots that are older than two years are cut off completely. To prolong flowering, pruning is repeated in the summer.
Loosening and mulching
When growing roses, you should give preference to light and loose soil, which will warm up well and let in fresh air. And the removal of weeds will significantly reduce the frequency and abundance of watering, as well as top dressing. But to overdo it with loosening is not worth it. Digging too deep can damage the roots. Therefore, the optimal depth of cultivation is considered 10 centimeters.
Mulching a rose with foliage, hay or peat will also protect it from excessive drying and weed development. Decomposing a layer of mulch is best immediately after the first spring pruning.
Winter preparations
Despite the high frost resistance, floribunda rose bushes should be covered for the winter. Before closing, the plant must be prepared:
- Trim all leaves and inflorescences.
- Cut the stems to a length of not more than 50 centimeters.
- Treat the plant with a solution of iron sulfate.
- Sprinkle the bush half with soil.
- Cover the plant with fir spruce branches, oak leaves.
- Cover the bush with non-woven fabric.
With especially snowy winters, the bushes will be covered with snow from above, which will create additional protection against frost. With the onset of heat, the shelter should be completely removed, since the bush can rot and rot from excess heat.
Disease Prevention and Treatment
Fungal diseases are mainly affected by older varieties of floribunda roses. Newer varieties are almost completely resistant to rust and powdery mildew. In order to protect their plants from diseases, inspection and prevention should be carried out regularly. One of the simplest and most harmless methods of processing is to spray the bush with a decoction of garlic, onions or tobacco.
Preventive treatment with chemicals is also acceptable. It is carried out after careful watering, and at that moment when the dew from the leaves has already come down. If the disease was not avoided, then the affected plant is completely removed and destroyed. Fallen leaves and weeds growing near the affected bush are also subject to destruction by burning.
Combination with other plants
Thanks to the combination of all the advantages, a floribunda rose is the best way to decorate your garden. Such flowers look great not only in independent bushes, but also in combination with other plants. You can make compositions in flower beds and use floribunda as a bright accent of the flower garden.
And the combination of roses with lavender, marigold and marigolds will not only give a beautiful look, but also protect the floribunda from aphids and ticks. And garlic grown near the bushes will prevent the development of fungal diseases. In a cut, this rose variety also looks favorably in a bouquet with other garden flowers.