Prosecutorial supervision of the implementation of laws is a specific activity. It is carried out by state federal prosecutorial bodies on behalf of the Russian Federation. Prosecutorial oversight consists of verifying the accuracy of compliance with laws in force on Russian territory and the implementation of the country's Constitution.
This activity is an independent type of state activity. It, with the exception of the prosecution authorities, is not any other public, state, amateur or other bodies, institutions, organizations, individuals, associations, officials, etc. to exercise is not entitled.
The meaning and importance of the provision that prosecutorial supervision is carried out on behalf of the Russian Federation lies in the fact that the prosecutor conducting the audit ensures the protection of the interests of non-individual bodies in the federal subjects, local self-government or in other executive, representative or judicial authorities. The activity in this case is represented on behalf of all the above industries and structures in the aggregate, united by a common state system.
Tasks, nature and principles of prosecutorial supervision
The presence of independence in this type of activity of national importance, as opposed to other types of activity, both the prosecutor's office itself and other bodies, is presented in its content. It consists not only in verifying the accuracy in compliance with the laws and the Constitution of Russia, but also in accordance with the law of other regulatory legal acts, as well as taking measures to eliminate the identified crimes.
Prosecutorial supervision, being a specific activity, does not apply to the acts of any one branch in the government (judicial, executive, representative), having, at the same time, signs of each of them.
The prosecution authorities have a special place in the structure of the Russian state. They are functionally related to the branches of government provided for by the Constitution of Russia. Without being fully related to any of them, prosecutorial oversight allows them to be balanced, ensuring optimal functioning.
When considering the essence of the above type of activity, it is necessary to note the diversity of its concept. So, prosecutorial supervision can be understood not only as a certain kind of work, but also as a discipline, as well as an independent field in legal science.
The objectives of the prosecution's verification activities are determined by its role in the state, place and status. Ultimately, the goals are formulated in the country's Constitution, the Law on the Prosecutor's Office, and other laws designed to regulate the activities of the above body.
So, the goals of the prosecutor's office include:
- Ensuring public and state supremacy.
- Supervision.
- Criminal prosecution.
- Ensuring the coordination of law enforcement agencies in the fight against offenses.
The tasks of prosecutorial oversight are set more clearly, specifically and to a limited extent in comparison with its objectives. Along with this, they are more numerous. The tasks of supervision have significant differences in terms of means of solution, content, and the circle of bodies (entities) of the prosecutor's office that decide and put them. Conventionally, special, general and particular tasks are divided.
Since its foundation, prosecutorial activities have been improved. Its development is in line with the increasing status of the prosecutor's office as a centralized body of federal significance for ensuring human rights control, with the provision of additional powers (rights) to prosecutors for the effective fulfillment of their tasks. An important factor in improving the above type of activity is a more detailed specification of the actions of prosecutors.