The generally accepted technology for finishing facades, which involve the use of plasters, cannot be called ideal. Even if all the rules of the work are observed, the lining will have significant shortcomings. Before starting such manipulations, it is necessary to prepare the wall well, taking into account the absorbent properties of the material and the condition of the substrate. It takes a lot of money and time. Sometimes it is impossible to carry out work independently, which entails additional costs for the services of specialists.
In winter, a wet process is not possible, so bare walls after construction have to be left until the favorable time of the year. Even if the plaster is reinforced with a mesh, the shell will turn out to be rather thin, so it will quickly lose its appearance. The layer cracks and peels off the wall when it freezes and gets wet. I had to put up with these shortcomings until the fiber cement board was invented. She first appeared in Japan.
Description of fiber cement panels
Fiber-cement panels are a finish that does not contact at the chemical level with the materials of the wall, which means that it does not peel off and does not peel off. Products are quite dense, but very flexible, which eliminates their cracking. The shell is durable and resistant to external factors. The material is not toxic and does not burn.
Sheets provide easy mounting. The main component in the manufacture of fiber cement boards is cement. It is resistant to moisture, heat and frost, and is also durable. In order for the thin layer of the solution not to become cracked, cellulose fiber is added to it. It plays the role of micro-fittings, which increases plasticity and perceives deformations.
The material has a textured variety. Before setting the cement-cellulose composition, you can give it any shape. As a result, it is possible to obtain products with imitation of wild stone, brick or wood. This material is sold in a wide range of colors, which was achieved thanks to dyes that are resistant to alkali. Hardened cement actively absorbs water, for this reason facade panels are protected by a layer of silicone or varnish.
Product Description Cedral
If you want to finish the house with fiber cement materials, you can choose “Cedral click”. These products are a board, which is characterized by durability, tolerance of frost and heat, as well as sudden changes in temperature. Cloths are more reliable than plastic. Installation is quite simple, and you can engage in such work year-round.
At the heart of the wall can be:
- SIP panels;
- foam concrete;
- frame construction;
- expanded clay concrete blocks;
- aerated concrete;
- wood;
- brick.
Fiber cement board has high moisture resistance, which allows facing facades in areas of coastal zones. Products can be represented by one of two surface types. You can choose the texture of natural wood or panels with a smooth surface.
Installation is carried out according to the principle of assembly of the designer. Work does not take much effort and time. Using a fiber cement board for a facade with imitation of natural wood, you give the walls of the house a natural warmth. The disadvantages inherent in wood trim are eliminated. This texture is the most advantageous, and you can combine it with other materials, namely:
A smooth board emphasizes an architectural idea or color zoning. This cladding will be ideal for lovers of clean and simple forms. To install a fiber cement board, you only need:
- self-tapping screws;
- screwdriver;
- kleimers.
No special skills are needed for this. Installation is much easier than installing any other finishing material. The lining is resistant to ultraviolet radiation. The manufacturer guarantees that for 10 years the finish will retain its original color.
Products are environmentally friendly. The material passes the appropriate test according to European standards. The facade is installed using dry technology, so installation can be done at any time.
Not only Kedral Click is supplied to the market, but also Kedral board. The first differs from the second way of fastening. It allows you to hide the seams, which increases the level of aesthetics. Here you can take advantage of freedom in the layout - to install boards horizontally or vertically. Wood products with a smooth texture have the same dimensions: 12x186x3600 mm. Before purchasing goods, it is important to consider the useful area of one board, it is 0.6264 m 2 .
Basic properties
The technical parameters of the described panels are standardized by GOST 8747-88. The density of this material is 1.5 g / cm 3 . Its water absorption does not exceed 20% by weight. Frost resistance provides 100 cycles of freezing and thawing, which is equal to approximately 40 years of operation.
Impact strength is equivalent to 2 kJ / m 2 . Bending strength is 24 MPa. The average weight of one square meter can vary from 16 to 24 kg. Fiber cement board is often compared with asbestos cement wavy slate. The first better resists bending forces. This suggests that the material is able to withstand point impacts and intense wind loads.
In the construction market, panels are offered in a wide size range. Products are classified as fiber cement siding. The plates are quite long, this parameter can be equal to 1820 or 3030 mm. The width is small, it is 455 mm, while the thickness is equal to the number from 12 to 18 mm. All these parameters correspond to plates made in Japan.
As for European and domestic panels, they have other sizes. Their minimum width is 306 mm and a length of 1500 mm. When purchasing a Russian-made fiber cement board, you may prefer products with a thickness of 6 to 16 mm.
In addition to the parameters, the plates differ in the shape of the connecting edge. If you purchase products that are mounted on kleimer plates, you will notice that the long sides have protrusions. They provide a tight fit on the frame. Canvases can be painted at the factory or sold without painting. In the latter case, after the installation is completed, tinting is performed at the facility.
Installation
The simplest option for installing a fiber cement board is mounting on a frame. It consists of planed wooden blocks, the cross section of which is 5x5 cm. They are attached to the wall with dowels. Installation is carried out so that the joints of the plates fall on the racks. The distance between the elements of the wooden crate is 60 cm.
The fiber cement board, the description of which was presented above, is mounted using stainless steel self-tapping screws. They are screwed into the frame through the holes in the plates. The depth of installation of the screws should be such that their hats can be hidden using colored paste in the form of a sealant. It is bought with the cladding.
Products made of fiber cement composition are solid, so their cutting is carried out using an angle grinder with a carbide disk. After installing the fiber cement board, the joints are treated with a sealant so that moisture does not get into the space between the wall and the lining.
Installation on a wooden frame is carried out not only with self-tapping screws, but also with clammers. In this case, a plate with milled edges is acquired, which allows you to form a hidden seam. To ensure the tightness of the joints to the vertical uprights of the frame, a suture strip is fixed. You can close the joint with a wooden block, sealing the surface with a special tape.
Installation of panels using a ventilated facade technology
A description of a fiber cement board is not all that a master who plans to install the cladding should know. It is important to get acquainted with another technology - a ventilated facade. This technique is more complex. The number of crates is increased to two. The framework may be wood or metal. The first crate is fixed to the wall horizontally. Between the bars a slab thermal insulation made of mineral wool is installed.
Installation on self-tapping screws
Then the vapor barrier film is covered, on which the second frame is mounted. Its elements will be oriented vertically. Racks are attached to horizontal bars. This technology allows you to create an air gap between the stove and the heater. Through it, water vapor is discharged outward, which penetrates through the walls from the premises.
Fiber cement board is attached using self-tapping screws. Each of them should be installed with a deviation from the edge of 3 cm in order to avoid a split edge. Before installing the cladding in the corners and around the openings, it is necessary to install docking profiles that will cover the starting strips and the ends of the plates.
Features of mounting panels on a metal frame
Professional installation may include the installation of panels on a metal frame. Before fixing it to the wall, steel brackets are fixed. Using plate-shaped dowels in the next step, it is necessary to strengthen the rigid thermal insulation and fix the horizontal supporting profile. This will also require brackets.
Plate mounting
The next step is to install a vertical crate. Only after this is the installation of fiber cement boards for exterior decoration of the house. The methodology involves the use of an open method using kleimer plates. They have hooks for fixing the edges. All seams between products after completion of work are coated with sealant.
The cost of fiber cement
The creators of the described cladding are Japanese, so their companies occupy leading positions in the market. They sell high-quality material, the cost of which is not low. Two brands were most popular: Kay Em Yu and Nichiha. The average cost of one square meter of such cladding is 1600 rubles.
Board of other manufacturers
Cedral fiber cement board is a product of one of the most famous brands. The plant is located in Belgium and supplies fiber cement siding, which costs 900 rubles. per square meter. But the stove can be purchased for 2500 rubles. per m 2 . Among Russian manufacturers, the following companies should be distinguished:
- Rospan
- "Kraspan";
- "Latonite."
The products are of high quality, but cheaper than the Japanese counterpart. Fiber cement cladding can be purchased for 800 rubles. per square meter.
Finally
Facade panels made of fiber cement are simple not only to install, but also to manufacture. The production technology is unique and involves the creation of a homogeneous mixture of cement, sand, cellulose and water. The manufacturing technique is to expel the remaining liquid from the raw material to obtain a doughy substance.
Billets are pressed under a multi-ton press to give the final products extra strength. Further, the canvases are sent to an autoclave or left under natural conditions until maturation.