In our reality, the birth of a child contributes to a change in the financial situation of the family in the direction of deterioration. But even this does not stop many of our compatriots who strive to make their families large. This helps to improve the demographic situation in the country. In the framework of this article, we will consider what is meant by this definition, what benefits and payments are provided for them.
The concept
Before embarking on the study of the various benefits offered to these categories of citizens, it is necessary to find out which large family is considered.
Their status is determined by the Federal Law “On State Support of Large Families”. According to him, a large family is such a unit of society in which there are from three children or more who are brought up until it reaches adulthood, and upon admission to full-time departments of colleges and universities - until they graduate, while undergoing military service - until achievements of 23 years.
The composition of this family is determined not only by native children, but also by those who are under guardianship or guardianship.
It does not include children in respect of whom the mother or father is deprived of parental rights, as well as those who are given to boarding schools and orphanages with full state security.
Eligibility
We found out which family is large. But how can they live in conditions when everything rises in price, and it is necessary to provide children with at least the most necessary?
In our state, benefits are provided for large families. To obtain benefits, you must obtain a certificate of a similar cell in society. After this, you need to contact the social security authorities at the place of residence. At the same time, the average per capita income of a large family should not exceed 100% of the subsistence level - in this case, a certificate of benefits is issued. With its help, you can claim to receive various benefits.
Benefits to large families can be provided for payment of housing and communal services upon written application of any parent, provision of a certificate and relevant certificate. The respective management companies provide these types of benefits .
The same documents must be provided for other types of benefits that are provided for by law.
Benefits are provided for only one year. At the end of December, you need to submit documents for their re-registration and obtaining a new certificate for them.
Benefits and benefits for large families in 2018
In their quality are provided:
- Childcare allowance.
- Free medication and vitamins for children under 6 years.
- Benefits in obtaining medical care in public institutions, including a priority visit to doctors.
- Reducing the tax rate on land payments, exemption from rent for the use of land resources under the management of peasant farms, registration fees for entrepreneurial activities.
- Refund from payment of kindergarten in some part (20-70%).
- Compensation payments with an increase in family costs due to higher prices for housing, food products that are necessary and irreplaceable, as well as for the purchase of items that are necessary for children.
- Free or reduced fare (depending on the region) in municipal public transport - applies to one parent or guardian and one child. Children studying in schools move free of charge within the city and suburbs by transport that does not include minibuses and regular taxis.
- Preferential registration of children in sections and circles on a budgetary basis.
- Partial home phone compensation.
- Advantages in registering children for schools and kindergartens.
- Free meals for children in the cafeteria owned by the school in which they study.
- A free trip to a summer camp or sanatorium, or compensation for self-purchase vouchers.
- Free tracksuit and school uniform. For low-income families, for first-graders a one-time payment is provided in the amount of 7,500 rubles, and for students of other classes - 5,000 rubles. for each child. Office supplies are also reimbursed every month.
- Once a month, you can get a ticket to attend cultural and entertainment events.
- Early registration of a pension at the age of 50 years with the existing work experience of a parent of at least 15 years.
- The possibility of obtaining additional unpaid leave of 14 days per year.
- It is possible to get an additional day off if parents are registered under an employment contract with a working week of at least 40 hours.
- While a woman is on maternity leave, one can receive pension points, which will be additional for calculating the corresponding payment in the future.
- Help from an employment center in finding a home or temporary job.
- The possibility of obtaining free sets of textbooks (this possibility is provided in principle for all citizens).
- Compensation payments when paying for services of supplying organizations (electricity, heat, gas and water) - up to 30%.
The authorities of the constituent entities of the federation may provide additional benefits to large families. These include obtaining a housing subsidy for the purpose of constructing a residential building, obtaining a free apartment, and arranging a soft loan.
In different regions, poor sections of society carry out different surcharges. The bulk of the benefits for large families in 2018 can be extended until children reach adulthood, but in some entities their action is extended for another 5 years.
Difficulties in drawing up benefits
As can be seen from the above section, the list of benefits is quite impressive. However, not every large family can take advantage of them. This is due to the fact that in order to get them, you need to perform different bureaucratic tricks to collect a lot of different certificates, which leads to the fact that some of the parents give up on receiving the appropriate status.
This is also facilitated by the fact that there is no single body that could be contacted for benefits. Each of them - the FIU, the Federal Tax Service, the housing inspectorate, social protection, Rosreestr, the regional government - must be addressed separately.
When applying for benefits, you must have a certificate issued in the department of social protection. For each benefit there is a list of documents that need to be specified in the place to which the appeal takes place.
An application for a benefit is considered no more than 30 days, after which a verdict is issued, which can be both positive and negative.
Land allotment
It represents one of the types of assistance to the subjects in question. A land plot for large families may be necessary in order to carry out the construction of a residential building on it, to carry out gardening work.
They can qualify for 6-15 acres. Land for large families is provided on the basis of social hiring, which is owned by the municipality.
To obtain this benefit, the following conditions must be met:
- Members of a large family must be citizens of the Russian Federation, at least 5 years have passed since receiving citizenship.
- The whole family must have registration in one residential facility.
- She must need housing, as evidenced by an appropriate list.
- She should have no housing or land in her property. There can only be an apartment with a total area less than the total standard for each resident.
The right to use this benefit may be denied in the following cases:
- if a large family intentionally moved to housing with worse conditions, and this fact will be proved;
- if the family income is more than the living wage per person.
Real Estate Acquisition
To paraphrase the classics, we can say that the Russians are not bad people, only the housing issue spoiled them. The latter is especially relevant for large families. This is due to the fact that if single adults can find opportunities for temporary residence with friends, relatives, then this is quite problematic with a large number of children. In this regard, a special state program was developed. It provides for the provision of mortgages for a large family on favorable terms:
- reduced interest rates;
- lower down payment;
- longer maturity.
In 2017, the program ended, but there has not yet been a renewal for 2018. However, some of the banks continue to provide loans to large families on similar conditions. In addition, there are regional programs, as well as a mortgage can be issued through AHML.
Documents for a housing subsidy
These include:
- ID cards for all family members, including passports for adults and birth certificates for children;
- Marriage certificate;
- certificate of need of a given family in improving housing conditions;
- certificate of a large family;
- certificate 2-PIT (on income);
- employment record (may be replaced by a certificate of employment);
- information about what kind of housing is owned or where the family lives, who is registered there.
This is not a final list; other documents may also require. Therefore, the full list is best specified at the place of contact.
Subsidies are provided for the purchase or construction of residential premises, social housing can be provided. It should be borne in mind that they cover costs only partially, the rest should be paid by the family on their own.
Social housing for a large family
This help is provided to the poor who can confirm this. In addition, you must be on the list to improve housing conditions.
The family receives a certificate confirming the possibility of obtaining social housing. When the latter is in the municipal fund, a contract of employment is drawn up, in the future it can be privatized.
To queue for social housing in local municipalities, you must submit the following package of documents:
- identity cards including passports for adults and birth certificates for children;
- certificate of large families;
- documents on available housing;
- Help, which reflects the composition of the family.
After examining the submitted documents, a certificate is issued on hand, cash on hand is not issued.
Thus, housing for large families can be provided as social, or you can get a subsidy for its purchase, or for the purchase of a land plot on which you can build your own housing.
Payouts
Earlier it was noted that there are one-time grants (separate for first-graders and other schoolchildren) and one-time allowances for the poor. Payments to large families are not limited to this. So, with reference to the cost of living, the poor make monthly payments until the children reach the age of 16 or graduate from school (until the age of majority).
Also, monthly payments are made for each child born. A parent can receive a total of not more than 23089 rubles. for the period under review.
In addition, for large families, various types of rewards are provided. So, to the Order of Parental Glory they provide a bonus of 100 thousand rubles. It is issued after six children have reached the age of eight. Upon receipt of such an order by a single parent, he is additionally provided with a subsidy in the amount of 25 thousand rubles. Upon receipt of the orders "Father Hero" or "Mother Heroine" they are entitled to a reward in the form of 15,000 national banknotes.
Payments include social benefits: to increase the standard of living (from 600 rubles, and if more than 5 minors in the family, then 750 rubles), to buy food products - 675 rubles, to pay for the phone - 230 rubles, for families with the number of minors exceeding 5 people: for the purchase of goods for children - 900 rubles., for compensation of housing costs - 530 rubles. If there are more than 10 children in the family, assistance in the amount of 250 rubles is additionally provided.
Making Payments
Before the children reach the age of 3 years old, the employer makes payments to the employed parents, for which he needs to provide a birth certificate and a statement. With unemployed parents, they need to seek help from the FSS.
They provide the following package of documents:
- identity card, including passports for adults and birth certificates for children;
- a document confirming that the second parent does not receive state support;
- details of the account in the bank;
- statement.
This is the main list of documents. Their complete list needs to be clarified for a specific type of assistance in the FSS department.
After consideration of the submitted documents, if a positive decision is made after 10 days, transfers will be credited to the account.
Tax benefits
PIT for large parents is 7% in the presence of 3-4 children, 5% in the number of 5 people and 0% in the larger number. There are tax exemptions on transport payments for motorcycles, cars, vehicles that have been privatized and are intended for transporting people.
A land deferral of payment may be granted on land tax, or discounts may also be made on it.
Other benefits
Assistance to large families from the state is also presented in the form of lump-sum incentives - for Mother's Day (7 thousand rubles) and the compensation necessary for registration of pension benefits (8.5 thousand rubles).
A mother in such families may retire early. At the birth and upbringing of more than 10 children, she is entitled to an increase of 10 thousand rubles to the latter.
An example of benefits in Moscow
In the capital there is a special set of benefits. Distinctive features include:
- free kindergartens;
- free parking throughout the year for parents of large families;
- exemption from transport tax;
- preferential tickets to the BDT;
- free trips to public baths;
- free medicines for children until they reach adulthood.
Cash payments in Moscow in 2018, compared to last year, for large families increase by 1.5-2 times.
Finally
This article addressed questions about which family has many children, what payments, benefits and benefits it can receive. It must be emphasized that such state assistance is necessary because it helps to better provide children with the products and things they need, facilitates education and promotes their cultural development. With state aid, you can get tax and social benefits, monthly and one-time payments, land for private housing or gardening, subsidies for the purchase of housing or social housing. Due to bureaucratic delays, many large families do not receive these types of assistance, although they have the right to them.