In the field of construction, metal structures began to be used as early as the mid-19th century, however, they were most widely used relatively recently. This is easily explained - the strength, safety and reliability of the structure allow installation and dismantling without loss of quality.
The construction and installation of metal structures has become popular due to its light weight, ease of installation and low material cost. Metal structures are used in many areas: for the creation of exhibition and trade complexes, residential buildings, warehouses, workshops, commercial, household and sports facilities.
To date, this technology is considered and is one of the most profitable for the construction of any turnkey structures, since it makes it possible to finish work in the shortest possible time. This applies not only to the simplest, but also quite complex objects: supporting structures, high-rise buildings, workshops, production storages and other things.
Metal structures for the construction of buildings and structures are widely used due to their operational characteristics, namely: long service life and strength. The advantage of this material is that its installation does not require special equipment or a large number of people, which reduces the total cost of work.
What determines the cost of installation of metal structures?
As mentioned above, the construction of this material has certain features that make this technology popular in the modern market. Metal structures have the following advantages:
- Light weight compared to similar building materials, which greatly simplifies the process of installation and dismantling.
- The construction of the building takes the minimum time and is carried out 2-3 times faster than using standard technologies and materials.
- Resistance to temperature changes, moisture and fire.
- The cost of construction work is reduced several times, due to the fact that the installation of metal structures of buildings, structures, workshops does not require the filling of a massive foundation.
- High thermal insulation characteristics can reduce the cost of operating the erected buildings.
Installation of metal structures
Construction using this material is convenient due to mobility - if necessary, parts can be quickly and easily moved from one place to another. At the same time, they can be repeatedly disassembled and assembled without causing any damage to the entire object. In addition, metal structures and prefabricated buildings can be changed by increasing their area and number of floors, without resorting to the cost of resources and time.
Compared with capital construction, the construction of buildings made of metal structures is a more profitable alternative. Using this technology, it is possible to achieve high quality with minimal investment, while the facility being constructed will have good operational characteristics. The speed of installation and the ability to operate buildings without time-consuming finishing work makes these complex metalwork solutions for the construction of industrial buildings and structures incredibly convenient and useful, especially in situations where it is necessary to fully recoup the money invested in the business.
The scope of buildings based on steel structures
Metal structures for the construction of buildings and structures have become most widespread in the field of commercial, industrial and civil construction of objects, gaining more and more popularity over time. Buildings constructed from light materials are currently used everywhere. With the development of technologies for creating thin-walled profiles and bent profiles, the area of construction of houses for individual residence also develops.
Advantages and disadvantages of metal structures
Buildings erected from metal structures have both pluses and minuses. Among the main advantages include the following characteristics:
- Reliability. It is provided by a homogeneous metal structure and full compliance of the material with its design qualities.
- Ease. Light weight greatly simplifies the process of building buildings.
- Profitability. Compared with standard building materials, metal structures for the construction of buildings (structures) are distinguished by faster installation, high manufacturability and ease of installation through the use of standard elements.
Despite this, this type of structure has its drawbacks. However, it is worth noting the fact that almost all of them are eliminated through the use of special protective measures. Among the minuses include:
- Corrosion Under the influence of atmospheric precipitation, moisture and aggressive environments, steel begins to corrode, which can lead to its complete destruction. This can be eliminated by coating the material with special compounds.
- Low fire resistance. The properties of steel are lost when heated above 600 ° C. The metal structures for the construction of buildings and structures are necessarily protected by special fire-resistant plates or compositions.
Classification of metal structures
- Frameworks for buildings - various columns, beams, communications, trusses and more.
- Metal structures for building construction - frames and reinforcing meshes, sheet materials, high-rise buildings, frame houses.
- Sheet constructions - membranes and diaphragms, for example, ceilings for high-rise buildings. This also includes trench tanks, horizontal and isothermal reservoir structures.
- High-rise objects - supporting structures, various towers and masts of power lines.
- Structures used in the field of metallurgy.
- Attendants - fences, stairs and platforms.
Metalwork often protects against the negative effects of natural influences, coating with special compounds or galvanizing.
Building Technology
All buildings constructed using metal structures are divided into two main categories: frameless and frame. In the first type of building, the role of the frame is played by the walls. The second type is erected from enclosing and bearing elements, and all the loads are from the weight of the structure, dynamic effects, etc. fall on the supporting frame.
It represents structural elements that are interconnected into a single system. The main parts include columns, girders, wall ties and half-timbers, roof trusses and roof trusses. All frame schemes are divided into three main types: frame-coupled, frame and coupled.
Design of buildings from metal structures
When developing documentation for a particular building, it is mandatory to rely on current norms and rules in the construction field. Design of structures is carried out taking into account the manufacture, transportation, laying, designation and operation of building material.
Metal Fabrication
Such building material is made taking into account all possible requirements and technical conditions that apply to these products according to technical documentation. The delivery of steel for the construction of buildings and structures must be carried out without fail. Prices for such materials are set depending on their characteristics, purpose and operating conditions. The cost can vary from 35 to 1500 rubles per square meter.
The construction of buildings from metal structures is one of the most profitable alternative options for traditional capital construction. Using this technology, you can get high-quality results with minimal investment, while the finished object will have good performance characteristics. The speed and ease of installation makes the technology optimal and most convenient for those cases when it is necessary to recoup the funds invested in business development.