Sure, a private bathhouse on the plot is fine, but a steam room attached to the house is even better! After all, in winter, after taking a good steam bath, you don’t need to run home through the entire section and carry firewood and towels in the yard. However, an attached bathhouse to the house is not only an opportunity to have fun without leaving your home, but also an increased fire hazard. How to carry out construction taking into account all the norms? Varieties of materials for construction, advantages and disadvantages.
Varieties of baths
Projects of bathhouses attached to the house differ depending on the type of steam room:
- Russian bath with its classic attributes - a stone stove, wet steam, brooms and a font.
- Finnish sauna, in which, thanks to dry steam, you can stay even at a temperature of 100 degrees, but in this case the use of brooms is strictly prohibited, as they can lead to burns.
- Turkish hammam with an air temperature of about 60 degrees. In such a steam room, you can spend quite a lot of time without harm to health.
The choice of a bathhouse for construction depends on the personal preferences of the owner of the site.
How to attach a bath?
Is it possible to attach a bathhouse to the house? There are no prohibitions on the part of the legislation, in addition, there are rules that govern the construction of extensions of this type. There are several options for combining a steam room with a living space:
- Using an existing wall of the house. This method is the most economical, as costs are reduced for the construction of one wall of the bath. However, the savings will have to be invested in high-quality vapor barrier and waterproofing, as well as fire safety methods. The implementation of all fire safety rules is especially relevant if the house to which the steam room is attached is wooden.
- The prefix of the bathhouse to the house. In this case, the attached bathhouse to the house has its own wall, which is erected right next to the wall of the dwelling. The advantage of such a construction is the absence of the need for vapor barrier. In this case, the doorway connecting the two buildings turns out to be quite wide, so it makes sense to install two doors instead of one and make the one that is closer to the house fireproof.
- The connection of the house and the bath short transition. In this situation, the bathhouse does not come in direct contact with the home, however, through the existing corridor it is easy to conduct all the necessary communications.
The choice of method depends on the planned budget for the construction, personal preferences and the type of house to which the steam room is attached.
Advantages and disadvantages
The pros and cons of the bathhouse attached to the house give a person the opportunity to think about their decision about future construction. The advantages include the following points:
- the opportunity to visit your own steam room without leaving your home;
- reduction of costs for a separate water supply, as communications are carried out from home;
- there is no need to go outside and undergo sharp changes in temperature in the cold season.
However, when trying to make a bathhouse attached to the house, a person may encounter such a number of difficulties:
- compliance with all Construction Norms and Regulations that regulate high-quality waterproofing, vapor barrier and fire safety standards;
- engineering communications require careful calculations, as in the case of self-construction;
- the need for regular treatment of premises with antiseptics.
The disadvantages for the most part are rather arbitrary, since during the construction of a separate bathhouse one would have to fulfill all the same established standards.
General recommendations
Professional builders recommend not to neglect such tips:
- Properly made waterproofing will significantly extend the life of the bathhouse and home.
- The best option is the arrangement of the furnace, which is designed not only for the bath, but also for the house. Thus, in summer you can dry the premises by heating, and in winter the bath will heat the house with its heat.
- It is better to attach a bathhouse from a profiled beam to a wooden house.
In general, it is recommended to build an extension in the form of a bath from the material from which the residential building is built.
Sauna from a bar
It is allowed to attach a bathhouse from a bar to the house if the entire dwelling is built of wood. To implement the plans, you will need to choose the right building material. It is recommended to use a bar with a section of 150 x 150 mm. It can be made from linden, larch, cedar. Coniferous trees are not recommended, since when heated they can release a certain amount of resin.
The bar can be of the following types:
- Profiled is convenient to use during installation, the canvas in this case is smooth and without spaces. The disadvantages of the material include the need for additional thermal insulation cladding after some time of operation of the building.
- Glued beams are often used in finished bath projects. It provides quick installation, and the foundation can be lightweight. The disadvantage is the fact that in some cases formaldehyde may be present in the adhesive.
- An ordinary beam has a relatively low cost, but it can shrink and deform when dried.
When purchasing material, it is important to take a little for stock, since some of the bars will necessarily deteriorate during the construction process.
How to attach a bathhouse to a wooden house? To do this, use the following instructions:
- the foundation for construction is lightweight - tape or pile-screw;
- mastic and two layers of roofing material are used as waterproofing the base;
- for laying floors, you must first collect the logs;
- building walls is not difficult, especially if you use profiled or glued beams, in which case the materials are simply stacked on top of each other;
- doors and windows are cut out after the timber has completely shrunk, which can take several months;
- before the end of the shrinkage, a draft roof is made, at the expiration of the prescribed period, it is replaced by a constant metal tile.
A bath from a bar is obtained by the most environmentally friendly steam room, since when heating wood, no harmful substances are released.
Frame bath
Designs of this type have recently come into use, but managed to earn full confidence among experienced builders. The indisputable advantage of a frame bath - attached to a house of brick or wood - is the lack of the need to create complex drawings, because the building is assembled easily and simply as a designer. In this case, the easiest and simplest foundation on piles is required. Frame baths have such advantages:
- ease of construction;
- lack of shrinkage;
- ease of installation;
- thermal insulation, which is not inferior in quality to brick buildings;
- low cost of building materials.
Unfortunately, frame structures are not without flaws, but they are an order of magnitude smaller than the positive sides:
- increased fire hazard;
- relative fragility of the structure;
- the need to perform exterior and interior decoration.
It is also important to pay great attention to vapor barrier, since the materials of which the frame is made can quickly deteriorate from high humidity and temperature changes inside and outside the building. An attached frame bathhouse to a brick house may look like a single unit with a residential building, if its external decoration will be done using brick tiles.
Construction stages
How to attach a bathhouse to the house? A simple village Russian bath can be made independently, if you know some of the basics of construction. You should adhere to these stages of the construction of the building:
- Laying the foundation is where any construction begins. It is recommended to install it taking into account the severity of the structure and soil characteristics. So, for example, it is recommended to use a pile foundation on moving land, and a concrete, strip, reinforced foundation to erect a capital brick bath.
- Installation of the floor. Since ancient times, bath floors have been made of wood. This material, although less durable than concrete, is more environmentally friendly and resistant to high temperatures. In addition, you can walk freely on the wooden floor without fear of getting burned. But builders recommend laying lags for laying the floor from asbestos-cement pipes, since they are much more durable and are not subject to decay with time.
- The walls of the bath complex can be log, brick, as well as made of sandwich panels. It all depends on the financial capabilities of the developer, as well as on personal wishes. It should be noted that brick buildings will cost much more than similar ones from sandwich panels.
- Metal roofing is traditionally used for roofing. This is a modern eco-friendly material that meets all safety standards.
- The last step is the interior and exterior decoration. Outside, the bath is sheathed with siding, a croaker, which imitates a log house, wild stone, tile with imitation of brick. The interior should be wooden - linden and larch wood are used for these purposes.
All stages must go sequentially, since only in this way you can get a quality building in the end.
Drainage equipment
When designing and building a bathhouse attached to the house, it is important to take care of the water supply and drainage system. The advantage of such a bath is that all the necessary communications can be carried out from a residential building. Most often, water pipes are laid from the central water supply, but there may be several options for the implementation of water disposal:
- A drain pit is considered one of the easiest and cheapest options. In this case, you just need to dig a hole of an appropriate size, overlay its inner walls with brick or concrete rings. For cleaning as it is filling, a sewage machine is used.
- A sewage well with a filtration system is the most expensive and time-consuming option. The system consists of a filter made of shells, gravel or gravel, the upper part is filled with river sludge, which should treat waste water.
- Septic tank is a variant of the drain pit, where instead of a well, a plastic container for wastewater is used. Purification can occur using a cesspool machine, or a water filtration system can be installed, after which the liquid is drained into the ground.
If there is a central sewage system in the construction site, you can connect the sewage pipes to it.
In addition, drains should be equipped in the floors of the bath. This can be a leaking floor in a steam room, in which water passes through the cracks between the boards and is collected in a tank under the floor, or concrete structures that are equipped with an inclination.
Roof Features
A frame, log or brick bath attached to the house should have a roof that will meet all the necessary requirements. Its peculiarity is that it must not let moisture in, which will accumulate in the steam room, as it can destroy not only the bath house, but also the apartment building. To prevent the formation of condensate, it is necessary to thoroughly insulate the roof, this can be done in several ways:
- fixing the insulation directly under the rafters;
- installation of material on the rafters.
Under the roofing material, it is also important to lay a layer of material for waterproofing the room. To prevent wood decay, all elements must be treated with resin or paint.
Interior fittings
It is not enough to know how to attach a bathhouse to a brick house; it is also important to take care of the interior decoration. The main aspects of the internal equipment are as follows:
- Doors and windows are intentionally installed smaller than the standard size - this way you can keep the temperature inside.
- To ensure fire safety, all doors and windows should only open outwards.
- Door handles are exclusively made of wood, as metal can be burned.
- For reasons of heat preservation, the windows are not located vertically, but horizontally.
- All wiring in the bath should be covered with a fire protection cover, and if it is located inside the walls, it should be placed in metal pipes.
- Shelves and wall decoration must be made from tree species such as linden, aspen or poplar. Such material dries quickly and does not emit tar when heated.
- It is important not to use paints and varnishes inside the bath, as they can release toxic substances when heated.
A bathhouse attached to the house, from a block or other material, should be as comfortable as possible for those people who are going to use it.
Bath accessories
It is difficult to imagine a steam room without traditional accessories - brooms, buckets, buckets for water. It is also important to follow safety precautions. Buckets and buckets should only be wooden so as not to burn themselves when using them. But brooms can be anything - juniper, oak, birch, linden, maple, alder, grass (mint, nettle, wormwood).
Conclusion
How to attach the bathhouse to the house, described in detail above, it is quite simple in the presence of some special knowledge. However, if there is the slightest doubt as a result, it is recommended to involve specialists who will help to do everything in accordance with the current norms and rules.