The presence of ventilation in the premises of a residential building makes a person stay there comfortable. A similar system can be forced, natural or mixed. Which type to choose can be decided depending on the characteristics of the building and each room that needs constant updating of air.
Forced ventilation in the apartment is considered the most effective, with its help it is possible to remove exhaust air and fresh air, while oxygen can flow into separate rooms or into the entire apartment. To create such a system, you must purchase the appropriate equipment, which must cope with the updating of air in a room of a certain area.
Why you should choose forced ventilation
Forced ventilation in the apartment has certain advantages over alternative solutions. This should include the ability to adjust the power of the system, the quiet operation of the equipment, as well as the simplicity of the arrangement. You can purchase systems that will be equipped with functionality that can not only update, but also heat the air in the cold season. To implement such an idea, it is not necessary to have special skills, but some attention should be paid not only to the choice, but also to the place of installation of the equipment. Such a system is considered relevant if plastic windows are installed through which fresh air cannot penetrate.
For the reason that apartments are most often limited in free space, it is recommended to choose devices of compact sizes, which can be controlled using the remote control. An additional advantage of such systems is the presence of check valves in almost every node, due to which the exhaust air does not return back to the premises, and when the equipment is turned off, air is not introduced.
Varieties of forced ventilation
If you have chosen forced ventilation in the apartment, then one of the existing systems of this type can be installed. This should include exhaust structures, fresh air equipment and supply and exhaust devices. The first variety works on the principle of removing air from different rooms. Supply equipment provides for the injection of oxygen, which has been cleaned and also heated.
Supply and exhaust devices perform the function of the first pair of varieties at the same time. These types of systems are divided into general exchange and local. The first variety is used for large and specialized rooms and can serve the whole building. To install such a system, it is necessary to create a ventilation project, which in the process of work will play the role of a forced-air installation and exhaust. Local systems can be exhaust or supply, their installation is carried out in a single room. Such ventilation is intended for rooms in which there should be fresh and clean air. In the latter case, special requirements are usually imposed on the latter. Additionally, forced ventilation in the apartment can be divided into monoblock, as well as typesetting systems. The first consists of separate elements, while the second are created from different components installed in the rooms of the building. They can be combined and connected to powerful equipment.
Features of installation of forced ventilation
When installing forced ventilation in an apartment, many people think about what technology to work on. For this, you can do only on your own, as the process is quite simple. It is important to carry out calculations that determine the power of the equipment, because it must cope with its tasks. If the apartment has an integrated system, for this purpose it is necessary to plan the construction of the main line, its installation is carried out at the stage of construction of the house. It is necessary to mount supply air valves, as well as exhaust fans.
The best solution for the apartment is to install equipment for a separate room. More often forced ventilation is created in the bathroom or bath room. A similar system can complement an existing natural range hood. For this, an exhaust fan is installed in the ventilation shaft, if any. It will effectively purify the air. In the kitchen there should be an extract that takes the exhaust gases outside the room and performs the function of purifying oxygen from impurities, impurities and smell. After the air returns to the room again. If the creation of the system is carried out at the construction stage, then the design of ventilation should include the installation of a monoblock system, it ensures the creation of optimal humidity and atmosphere in each room.
System Installation Technology
If you will be installing a forced ventilation system in the apartment, then you need to understand the technology of the work. For starters, it’s worth improving existing ventilation. To do this, additional fans and valves are connected to it. This technique will turn natural ventilation into forced ventilation. It is important to follow simple rules, the first of which involves drilling holes in the wall, the diameter of which should not be more than 7 cm. An open window can handle the dust. From the outside, a grate should be installed in the pipe, which will prevent the ingress of large debris. Slots are sealed with construction foam. A box is installed on the inside of the premises, on top of the pipe that protrudes. Before installation, the box is filled with soundproofing material. This technique will partially improve ventilation, but in order to ensure air outflow, a fan must be installed. Equally important is his right choice. A similar device may be:
- axial;
- window;
- centrifugal;
- channel;
- ceiling mounted.
As practice shows, the most silent and convenient is a centrifugal fan, it can work autonomously, therefore it is recommended for use in tandem with an air exhaust system.
Methodology
If you will install a forced ventilation system in the apartment, you will need to follow certain recommendations, they indicate the need to purchase equipment that is useful in the work. This should include plastic pipes from which the air is vented. At the next stage, intakes for fresh air intake and exhaust output are mounted. These elements should be opposite each other. Next, the forced ventilation equipment is installed in the overall system. The connection between the pipes must be carried out carefully, making the interface tight. This is due to an increase in air pressure when the system is turned on. If the connections are of poor quality, then they simply disperse during operation, the air flows will become uneven. This will cause a malfunction in ventilation.
For reference
Forced exhaust ventilation (it is necessary for an apartment) is also called artificial, mechanical or supply and exhaust. It is realized only in two cases: when it is difficult to establish a natural system or when all other types of ventilation are ineffective. The coercive system is based on the induction of air flow through equipment. Given that the draft in the channels depends on the temperature difference outside and inside the building, in hot weather or in areas where it is warm most of the time, it is recommended to install forced ventilation. At the same time, it is possible to install an air conditioning system, and one of the nodes may be a filtration system. This ensures the supply of purified air inside.
Installation of supply devices
If you will be installing forced ventilation in the apartment, then you can use window valves. They are a drive that is located in the upper crossbar of the window frame. These devices can be installed in any kind of windows, and their throughput varies from 5 to 35 m 3 / h, which is true for automatic mode. The price of such devices varies from $ 20 to $ 25. On sale you can also find wall duct valves, which are installed in pre-drilled holes. Their throughput is from 20 to 50 m 3 / h, while paying for the device will cost from 23 to 28 $. The effect of such installations is based on hygroregulation. This phenomenon is associated with the properties of polyamide fabric, which are expressed in expansion with increasing humidity and reduction - with a decrease, this ensures the closing and opening of the valve leaf. Fabric elements act as drives of the entire device.
Mounting a window valve
Forced ventilation in the kitchen in the apartment can be installed. You can do this yourself, for which the sash is removed from the bottom hinge rod. Next, the valve conductor is connected with screws to the upper part of the horizontal profile of the sash. With the help of a drill, it is worth making a hole of the desired width and length. The conductor is fixed in the upper corner of the window frame profile, in the place where the hole in the casement will be located. The same hole must be made in the frame and the window valve should be fixed to the sash. The external visor is attached to the frame from the outside, after which the regulator should be switched to the desired mode. Welding is set to its original position. If you will equip the ventilation in the apartment with your own hands according to the installation technology of the window valve, then you will receive additional benefits in the form of removing condensate from the double-glazed windows. This problem is quite common for offices or apartments, but it can be solved simply. Manipulating the valve will take about an hour.
Wall Valve Installation Work
Such a valve should be located at a height of 2 m from the floor surface, near heating appliances. This is due to the fact that the incoming air flow must be warmed up. Expensive models of such valves may have heating elements. The device has a sound and dust filter, an insect screen, and higher productivity is an advantage over a window. Before making forced ventilation in the apartment based on a wall valve, a hole should be made in the wall, the diameter of which can be from 75 to 110 mm. It is unlikely to be able to independently carry out such work, since this will require the use of a core drilling machine. Therefore, you should contact a specialist for help. Making a hole with a diameter of 110 mm in a concrete wall will cost about $ 1 per centimeter of channel length. After you can make a hole, you should install the duct, the length of which should be equal to the thickness of the wall. From the side of the room, a supply and wall device is installed, the frame is fixed with screws to the wall, fasteners are supplied. From the street in the air duct, a wall visor should be installed, and at the last stage, the master adjusts the operating mode.
Exhaust fan installation
Forced ventilation in an apartment with plastic windows may include an exhaust fan. Since it works silently and consumes about 12.5-22 W / h, and its thickness is not more than 150 mm, it can be fixed in a wall cabinet or under a suspended ceiling. In order for the air from the room to go outside, from the equipment outlet, it is necessary to draw an air duct through the hole in the wall. The wall visor will cover the outside of the duct. If you have equipped an economic option, then it can be brought to the influx into the kitchen or bathroom.
Installation of exhaust devices
Considering the types of forced ventilation in the apartment, which were described above, you can prefer special devices that are installed in the toilet, bathroom or kitchen. For their installation under the fan, an air duct must be drawn into the room, an exhaust device is installed in it. You need to configure the latter to the desired operating mode. If the rooms of the toilet and the bathroom are located next to each other, then one duct can be used to extract into two rooms. In this case, it is permissible to use a special tee for the duct system. If it comes to the kitchen, then you should additionally use a grease filter. Preferring modern hoods, you get equipment that has several modes of operation. Sometimes in such devices there is a presence sensor that makes the hood work when a person enters the room. If you install ventilation in the apartment, then you can prefer equipment with one of several activation modes. For example, a device may start to work when humidity changes, when harmful impurities appear like tobacco smoke or volatile organic compounds.
Supply and exhaust system maintenance
Forced ventilation in the apartment provides for the care of it, for which once or twice a year, depending on the intensity and frequency of use, it is necessary to clean the internal surfaces and filters. In the process, you remove plaque on the grilles and visors using a vacuum cleaner or other suitable methods. Wipe the surfaces of the body and the shutter of the device using a damp rag. For the reason that the fan is operating from the mains, it is necessary to check the condition of the electric cable and connections. If the operation is irregular, then once a quarter you should start the equipment for 5 or 10 minutes. When forced ventilation is installed in the apartment with your own hands, it must comply with the requirements of SNiP, and the use of additional devices such as controllers, regulators, timers and sensors will optimize energy costs and extend their life.
Conclusion
Supply and exhaust ventilation in an apartment, house or office can improve the quality of human life. After all, fresh air is so necessary for the normal functioning of the brain.