It is difficult to imagine modern life without electricity. This applies to the operation of ordinary household appliances in the home, and the functioning of enterprises, factories, clinics. It’s even scary to imagine what will happen if in one city the power is completely cut off.
Many organizations try to save space or move out of town. It is known that cases of power outages are not uncommon outside the city limits. But usually this does not scare the company, since the problem is very easily and simply solved. Three-phase generators come to the rescue.
Different tasks are solved by different devices. Depending on them, three-phase gasoline or diesel generators are chosen . These are not the devices they save on. Devices must be manufactured by a reputable manufacturer to prevent counterfeiting.
Gas generators
Gasoline units are used everywhere. This is the sphere of construction, industry, trade and so on. In general, wherever electrical power is needed.
When buying three-phase generators, you should remember about the need to provide loads at different phases. The difference between electric capacities should also be maintained, which should not be higher than twenty-five percent.
Gasoline units have their own single-phase voltage output at 220 V and 50 Hz. This, of course, makes their capabilities even wider. But you need to understand that the power of electrical appliances should not be higher than a third of the engine output. Otherwise, a phase imbalance will occur, and the equipment will not start.
For modern production to work properly, similar equipment must be installed on it.
Diesel generators
To provide electricity to industrial facilities, three-phase diesel generators are also used. This device is installed for an autonomous source that provides electricity to industrial facilities operating at full capacity.
Design
The diesel generator operates by converting the rotational energy of the crankshaft into alternating current.
- Pistons begin to move from the crankshaft.
- Through movement, energy is transferred to the rotor.
- As a result, an alternating magnetic field appears in the winding, which is converted into an electric current.
To obtain such a result, it is necessary to use the following mechanisms:
- a diesel engine, the quality of which depends on the duration of a three-phase power plant - generator manufacturers usually use units of large companies;
- systems for the operation of the motor, including fuel supply, liquid cooling, air supply and others;
- synchronous and asynchronous alternator;
- various automatic devices for controlling the on and off of the motor, power and so on;
- frame for the task of the supporting structure.
The scheme of a three-phase generator is as follows:
Choosing a three-phase electric diesel station, special attention is given to the engine. Best performance will be achieved with turbocharged engines and air cooling. These engines are not the most expensive, but they must be carefully maintained.
How to choose a three-phase voltage generator
When choosing a suitable unit, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of individual parts and to the level of protection of the device from electric shock.
As for the engine, in this case it is better not to experiment with Chinese engines. It is better to prefer English Cummins, Perkins, German Deutz or our YaMZ or MMZ.
The alternator may have different protection against electric shock. The coefficient is indicated on the marking. If there is a fifth category, then there is no possibility of penetration. The fourth means the maximum coefficient, indicating the impossibility of penetrating at any angle.
Three-phase current generator can be performed in different ways. These types are used depending on weather conditions and operating conditions.
Choosing a three-phase generator, pay attention to the manufacturer. To make the right choice, of course, you need to consult with specialists so that they select a model that meets all the needs in electricity.
Power calculation
Correctly calculating the power yourself will be very problematic. Before choosing a suitable device, consider:
- active load, that is, the coefficient of all needs for stable operation;
- reactive load, that is, at startup, power should be provided by a third more than in standard mode.
Pros and cons of diesel engines
Three-phase diesel generators have the following advantages:
- they are cheap to operate, unlike gasoline options, and unpretentious;
- production capacities can be selected, compensating for the lack of voltage even when the equipment is running;
- Both three-phase and single-phase devices can be connected to the device.
The downside is sometimes called the high installation cost. However, given the savings in maintenance, as a result, working on diesel fuel may be cheaper than on gasoline.
Three phase or single phase
Electric generators can be single-phase (at 220 V) and three-phase (at 380 V). If three-phase consumers are not available, then, of course, it is worth purchasing the first option. Otherwise, buy a three-phase voltage generator. It can produce both 220 V and 380 V, while single-phase are capable of only 220 V.
In the case of the purchase of a three-phase generator, on which single-phase consumers will be connected, the following should be considered:
- between phases the load should be evenly distributed;
- capacities should not differ in phases of more than twenty-five percent so that phase imbalance does not occur;
- a single-phase consumer should have a load of not more than a third of the power of a three-phase unit, that is, if a three-phase station has six kilowatts, then a two kilowatt device can be connected to it;
- short-circuiting from two or more phases should not be allowed.
Three-phase synchronous generator
- to provide energy to three-phase consumers;
- power increase;
- reducing the cross section of input cables.
These versatile appliances, capable of providing different loads, require responsible care.
Diesel units are purchased most of all for such industrial facilities where it is necessary to ensure stable operation under tough operation and to achieve high performance. They have excellent energy efficiency and meet the required quality standards.
Let's consider separate models of three-phase generators.
UGB-10000ET gasoline unit
The device is often purchased during construction work, in production shops and on farms. It is perfect as a backup power source if the electricity is cut off in central networks.
UGB-10000ET has a four-stroke two-cylinder engine equipped with air cooling. Such an engine has low fuel consumption, low noise and vibration, as well as a long service life.
Long service life of the unit is guaranteed by a large section of copper winding (copper itself is a high-quality product smelted from ore).
Twenty-five liters of fuel is enough for a five-hour generator to work. The price of such a device is from 156 to 185 thousand rubles.
Diesel aggregate UGD-10000ET
Another domestic diesel generator is also suitable for various commercial purposes.
The peculiarity of the diesel engine is that it loves a constant load. Therefore, such a unit is more purchased for permanent operation, if the central electricity is absent or works with significant interruptions.
It is also a four-stroke two-cylinder unit with air cooling and direct injection. Also, the device is characterized by automatic decompression, combined lubrication and a manual pump. All this makes the device extremely reliable, which can be used in the most difficult conditions.
The fuel tank is designed for thirty liters and can provide ten hours of operation.
The unit weighs one hundred and seventy kilograms without fuel, so it is mainly used in stationary conditions, although this generator can also be easily moved. Its price is slightly higher: from 193 to 237 thousand rubles.