Are you planning to get a big harvest of pears? Then you should pay special attention to the trees. A variety of fungal diseases and insects are trying to get along on a pear. Spots on the leaves are evidence of this. You must be able to carry out prevention and treatment. First, it’s worth knowing what each disease looks like and what symptoms appear.
Infections
Consider the most common diseases that can affect your orchard, including a pear. To be able to fight the disease, let's recognize it in person:
- Opens our list of known scab infections. This is a fungal disease from which fruits, shoots and leaves die. Most often, the microorganism is located under the bark of a diseased tree or in fallen foliage. If you notice black spots on the leaves of the pear, then, most likely, this is the manifested scab. Sick fruits crack and fall off.
- Next on the list is fruit rot. This is another representative of a fungal disease. It appears after the tree is already infected with scab. Most often, the fruits suffer from the infection. If brown-black spots appear on them, this is one of the signs of fruit rot.
- Following the list is another equally popular disease. It is called powdery mildew. It, like its predecessors, is a fungal infection. Most often, the disease hides in infected kidneys. Everything suffers from it: fruits, flowers, buds, branches. If yellow spots were found on the leaves of the pear, then these are the first manifestations of powdery mildew. Permanent dry weather contributes to its early spread.
- No less well-known summer residents' disease takes the next place on our list. And the name of the disease is rust. It is also considered one of the varieties of the fungus. Orange spots on the leaves of the pear indicate the presence of the disease. If the tree is not cured in time, then next year it will not bear fruit.
The enemies of pears are not only fungal diseases, but also insects, which are also recommended to get rid of. Consider them in more detail and find out what harm they bring to the trees.
Pests
On pear spots (on leaves) appear not only from infectious diseases. There are several main enemies of this culture that you should know in person. So here they are:
- Pear mite. You will recognize it by its elongated body and two pairs of legs. Its diameter is about 0.2 mm. Despite its small size, the parasite does much more harm. It destroys not only the fruits, but also the leaves. He likes to winter under a thin layer of young bark. In warm spring weather, it moves to the bottom of the leaf. Located there throughout the season. Black spots on the leaves of the pear indicate not only a fungal disease, but also the presence of parasites. During the whole season, ticks can cover the whole tree.
- The next insect in the queue is the copperfish. You can recognize this parasite by its orange-red hue. In winter, the copperfish lives in the crevices of the bark. From it yellow spots appear on the leaves of the pear, which then fall off. Together with them, young buds and fruits deteriorate.
- If you find orange spots on the leaves of a pear, then perhaps the tree is affected by hawthorn. She has a remarkable appearance. In length, it reaches 40 mm. On the back are three multi-colored stripes.
Now we have found a reason, as a result of which spots are formed on the pear (on the leaves). Such signs appear suddenly, so you should learn about the methods of their treatment.
Against scab
Getting rid of the infection is easy. In early spring, be sure to spray the pear, as well as its buds, foliage and bark. For this, a solution is prepared from Bordeaux liquid and copper chloroxide. If it rains after spraying, the procedure must be repeated. In this case, a pause of two weeks must be maintained. Sick leaves should be disposed of, and the soil should be additionally treated with Nitrofen.
Remove fruit rot
If such a disease has taken root on your pear, then it can be removed using a special spray. To do this, use diluted Bordeaux liquid. Before this, all bad fruits and leaves must be removed.
Powdery Mildew
To eliminate such a fungal disease is difficult. But if you want to get a rich harvest of pears, then use our recommendations:
- normalize watering, it is advisable to carry it out daily;
- spray with colloidal sulfur every week;
- It is also recommended to use soapy water for washing the barrel;
- constantly clean the tree from affected branches and leaves.
If you carry out all these procedures regularly, then powdery mildew will go away.
Spray treatment is also carried out with rust. To do this, use a solution of Bordeaux liquid and copper chloroxide. The procedure should be carried out strictly in the early spring, when the buds begin to bloom.
Insect treatment
We learned how to remove spots on pear leaves from fungal diseases. Now you need to treat trees for insects. Each caterpillar has its own weak points, so the preparations will be different. We consider each case individually.
From tick
To get rid of this parasite, you need to carry out the following procedures:
- spraying with a solution of colloidal sulfur and mitak;
- diluted "Nitrofen" in the amount of 300 grams is suitable for young trees;
- after flowering processing "Karbofos" in the amount of 90 g is allowed.
Against a tinker
You can get rid of this insect in the most unusual ways. Let's consider each of them separately:
- catch ladybugs and release them in your orchard;
- carry out additional spraying with Nitrofen and Karbofos.
If you want to get rid of the butterfly hawthorn, then here you need to try. To do this, do the following:
- inspection of the tree and removal of caterpillars and larvae from it;
- spraying with tobacco and wormwood;
- treatment with various biological preparations is allowed, for example, a suspension of "Endobacterin".
Now you know not only why spots appeared on pear leaves, but also how to deal with them. Treatment is a good thing, but it’s still better that your fruit trees do not hurt.
Prevention
So that diseases do not appear and do not return, it is worth paying special attention to prevention. To do this, carry out regular activities, which are as follows:
- Keep the soil around the tree clean. Always remove fallen fruits and leaves.
- Trim the tree. Remove all old and diseased shoots in time.
- Additional treatment with fungicides is allowed. They will help get rid of insects once and for all.
- The tree needs constant fertilizing with mineral fertilizers and salts.
- Dig up the soil every year at the beginning and end of the season.
Do prophylaxis, and you will never know why spots on leaves appear on pear. The tree will thank you with a tasty and ripe harvest.