Russia is considered one of the most water-supply countries in the world. On the territory of the state there is a huge supply of fresh water. At the same time, some densely populated areas of the European part of the country lack water resources. About 12.4% of the entire territory of the state is occupied by surface waters. At the same time, about 84% of them are concentrated in the eastern part of the Urals.
The deep rivers of Russia
One of the greatest water flows in the country is considered Lena. This is not the deepest river in Russia, but it is one of the most watery in the world. Its length is 4270 kilometers. The annual water discharge at the mouth is about 15.5 thousand m3 / s, the basin has an area of 2478 thousand km2, and the average long-term flow volume is about 490 km3. Another major river in Russia is the Ob. She is one of the five largest in the world. Its length is 4345 km, the drainage basin has an area of 2975 thousand square meters. km It is formed at the confluence of Katun and Biya in the Altai region. In addition to the source, the water area is a typical lowland river. It is characterized by small slopes and a wide swampy valley, in some places reaching a width of more than one dozen kilometers.
The largest high-water river in Europe is considered the Volga. Its delta has an area of 19 thousand square meters. km The Volga begins from the
Valdai Upland and then connects to the
Caspian Sea. Amur is the main river in the Far East. Part of the catchment area of the water area is located in Chinese territory. Amur was formed at the confluence of Argun and Shilka. By water, the river is considered one of the significant rivers in
the Russian Federation. Here, the average annual
water flow is 12800 m3. The average multi-year effluent volume is 403 square meters. km Cupid is navigable all over. The most developed here are rafting and water transport. What is the deepest river in Russia? More on this later in the article.
The deepest river in Russia
The highest water flow in the country is the Yenisei. This is not only the deepest river in Russia, but also one of the largest on the planet. The length from the source of the Big Yenisei is about 4100 km, the Small Yenisei is more than 4200 km, from the place of their confluence - more than 3480 km. Every year, the Yenisei brings about 624 m3 of water to the Kara Sea . This is more than all the rivers located on the European part of Russia can bear . The deepest river valley at the Aspen rapids is 66 meters. The Yenisei is a natural border between the Eastern and Western parts of Siberia. This river begins in Kyzyl, at the confluence of the Small and Big Yenisei.
Hydrology
The Yenisei is classified as a mixed river, with a predominance of snow, nutrition. For this water area, rather intensive formation of intra-water ice is characteristic. Powerful ice accumulations can form in the riverbed in some areas. High water usually begins in May, rarely in April. During the spring ice drift, congestion appears. Most of the river is characterized by summer floods and prolonged spring-summer floods. Snow supply accounts for slightly less than 50% of the total, rain - up to 40%, underground - up to 16%. The Yenisei begins to freeze in early October in the lower reaches.
Economic use
The Yenisei is not only the deepest river in Russia, but also the main waterway in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The main ports and marinas are cities such as Igarka, Maklakovo, Turukhansk, Yeniseisk, Krasnoyarsk, Abakan and others. Regular shipping is carried out to the mouth of Sayanogorsk, and sea vessels also rise to Igarka. Large hydroelectric power plants are located downstream: Krasnoyarskaya, Sayano-Shushinskaya, Mainskaya. The river also carries out rafting. By the end of the 19th century, a canal was built that connected the Yenisei and the Ob (Ob-Yenisei canal).