Small-leaved elm is very unpretentious and forms extremely dense thickets. Because of this, it, along with Canadian maple, is used to create artificial plantings. It must be remembered that both of these plants can, when growing, interfere with other tree species. Elm, whose species are very popular in Russia, need strict sanitary pruning. His condition must be monitored and not allowed to occupy vast areas, as this can go into uncontrolled growth.
Small-leaved elm is actively used for the formation of bonsai due to the fact that it tolerates frequent pruning, as well as due to the dense and shiny foliage, which looks very decorative on a small tree.
Small-leaved elm in nature
In its natural habitat, this tree grows quite tall - up to fifteen meters. Cultivated specimens are almost twice as high, with a more spreading and sometimes weeping crown. The range of its growth is very wide. It runs from Korea and East China to Kazakhstan and Transbaikalia. Previously, two varieties of elm were distinguished in different parts of the range. In reality, this is one and the same species (which was established using chromosomal analysis). In some provinces of China, unripe samples of small-leaved elm are added to salads. They are also used in traditional medicine.
The elm is small-leaved. Uses for Bonsai
The plant prefers sunny places. The abundance of light contributes to the splendor of the crown. But partial shade does not greatly reduce its density. In summer, the elm can be taken outside in the container in which it grew. But at the same time, you need to ensure that the dry air does not harm the tree. Elm tolerates cold winters. The growth of shoots begins when the temperature reaches ten degrees Celsius. Optimal lighting helps to create short internodes - this makes the plant more decorative. Bonsai should be protected from draft and wind. In the vegetative period, elm needs regular watering, after pruning it needs more moderate, and in winter it is extremely limited. Fertilizing with special organic fertilizers should be done once every two weeks. Initially, the elm soil is better to take porous, fairly acidic and nutritious. Overripe compost with sand and gravel is ideal. Transplant the plant once every four years.
It is better to do it in the spring. During the transplant, you will have to carefully remove one third of the root system. For this, the roots need to be untangled and carefully inspected. The most worn and oldest part should undergo pruning.
Pests and Elm Diseases
Grinder beetles can cause irreparable harm to your tree if you do not destroy the larvae in time. To do this, you need to buy a special insecticide. From home-grown products bonsai can get sick. Red soil mites can be relieved by simple spraying with water. Fungal diseases, although not atypical for elm, can greatly damage the tree. Twisted leaves and rust will spoil the beauty of the plant. To eliminate fungi, you need to use a special fungicide and simultaneously remove the affected parts of the elm.