The arrangement of a country house requires a special approach, including the development of heating systems and other equipment. Electric boilers - this is one of the best options in the case when a country house is considered as a place of constant residence of the family. There is no way to do without effective heating. This issue must be taken seriously, because the future comfort and safety of living depends on it. Properly planned wiring of pipes with a rational placement of radiators will ensure uniform heating of all rooms. Let's try to figure out which heating option to stop at?
general information
Electric boilers are not associated with combustion products and open flames. In the units under consideration, a different physical principle of operation is used. The design of the devices includes safety mechanisms. The main thing is that the wiring meets all the requirements and technical parameters.
The operation of such boilers eliminates the possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning, the cost of installation of the equipment is minimal, additional ventilation is not required. The pluses include the lack of the need to equip a separate room. A modern electric heating boiler fits perfectly into any interior.
Features
The units under consideration have a small noise level, which is determined by the functioning of automation and other associated units. For the installation of equipment, special permissions are not required if the power of the electric heating boiler for the home does not exceed 10 kW. As a result, the installation can be done with your own hands or with the help of an experienced electrician.
According to state requirements, the launch of such projects by individuals in the Russian Federation does not require a permit from the technical supervision service, if they are used for domestic purposes, and their total power does not exceed 15 kW. Therefore, to connect the unit, a full-time power line, connected to a residential building, is quite enough.
If more powerful equipment and a three-phase line connection are required, a visit to the relevant authorities will be required to obtain permission. It is worth noting that most electric boilers can be connected to a single-phase or three-phase system. Most often, the rated power of units is from 7 to 14 kW. The devices are as simple as possible to manage and maintain, have informative control panels that allow you to determine all the parameters necessary for operation.
Advantage
It is worth noting that electric heating boilers fit perfectly into the design of a “smart home”. This makes it possible to combine them with various units and program them for a specific mode of operation (in connection with going on vacation, changes in temperature indicators and other nuances). You can control the equipment remotely using a smartphone or tablet.
The main advantages of the equipment in question:
- Simplicity of design and durability.
- Security.
- Convenience in installation.
- Do not require additional permits.
Minuses
The use of electric heating boilers for the home has its drawbacks. Among them:
- The high cost of electricity.
- The need to connect regulatory devices.
- Rejection of the open form of the heating system, since it is impractical.
- The need to select radiators taking into account the area of the room and other parameters (thermal insulation of the room and the location of the rooms).
Exploitation
As practice shows, electric boilers are best combined with bimetallic or aluminum radiators. Many units are finicky in terms of chemical composition and the quality of the thermal carrier used.
In addition, such a system becomes completely dependent on the supply of electricity. If in the village there are power outages, it is hardly worth thinking about acquiring such equipment. In this case, even the most modern uninterruptible power supply devices will not help. There is the possibility of arranging combined systems, including the additional possibility of heating with solid or gas fuel.
Power
This parameter is one of the fundamental points when choosing an electric heating boiler. The power rating depends on several conditions, including the desired temperature and room area. On average, one kilowatt per 10 square meters of space is enough for high-quality heating and compensation for heat loss. It is also necessary to take into account the height of the ceilings, the thickness of the wall ceilings, the presence of windows and access to the balcony, the proximity to the attic or basement.
Not the least role is played by the placement of the room according to the parameters of the cardinal points. The northern part definitely requires more heat. The way radiators are connected is also important, given the optimal combination of heating efficiency and electrical energy consumption. The methods for calculating the required power are quite complex and ambiguous. Let's consider one of the methods using a specific example.
Costing
As an example, for the required power of an electric boiler for heating a house, we take an area in which the maximum values of the negative temperature in the cold period are from 25 to 35 degrees below zero. The house has an average insulation (brickwork without additional thermal insulation). An attic without heating is provided on top of the building.
Below are the main parameters that need to be entered in the calculation table in order to optimally calculate the necessary indicators. Immediately in the calculation, you should add 10 percent to the power reserve, and also take into account the connection method and location of the radiators.
Other nuances:
- The value of the area of the room.
- The number of external walls.
- The location of the ceilings in relation to the cardinal points.
- The level of wall insulation.
- The average temperature in the region (heating season).
- Ceiling height.
- The presence of additional and utility rooms.
- Type and condition of windows and balcony doors.
- Battery connection diagram.
Equipment
The heating electric boiler can be selected according to the parameters of price, method of fastening and the presence of additional functions. In order for the system to work safely and reliably, the design is equipped with a circulation pump and an expansion tank with a membrane. If the equipment is located in a separate room, these elements can be purchased separately and mounted next to the main heater.
If the unit is installed in the kitchen or in another "working" room, it is reasonable to buy models that combine a tank and a pump in the basic configuration. In the best case, the modification should also have a safety valve and an automatic vent.
Additional features of the devices that you should pay attention to:
- Adjusting the heating power (it can be smooth or stepwise).
- Equipping an electric boiler for heating a private house with an automation system and control parts.
- The ability to set the desired temperature.
- The presence of thermostats.
Upgraded modern models are equipped with modules with microprocessors, which allow you to respond in a timely manner to changes in external factors, choosing the most optimal mode of operation. Then these readings are entered into the device memory.
Wall-mounted variations are usually equipped with cases with built-in control modules, they are a full electronic switched design. It is worth noting that the relatively low cost of the device in question is not always the main criterion for selection. It will be necessary to additionally purchase a shield and a general adjustment unit, which costs no less than the heater itself.
The device of an electric boiler for heating a house at 220 V
The principle of operation of such units is similar to the action of other heating devices powered by an electrical network. The basic part consists in heating a conductor with high resistivity while passing current through it.
Most often, the main element is made of nichrome spiral wire. The base is placed in a metal insulating or ceramic tube. For the correct placement of the heating element, the inner cavity of the flask is filled with a special mineral composition, which guarantees the fixation of the conductor and maximum heat transfer. Periclase powder, which is a reliable dielectric, is used as a filler. On all sides the tube is equipped with a coupling from which the working contact is output, as well as a terminal for connecting to the power supply.
An electric boiler for a house can have one or more heating elements. They are located on a special dielectric block or strip. The design itself is a main metal reservoir in the form of a cylinder. It aggregates with a thermally insulated casing and a pump, providing stable circulation of the working fluid. Several heating elements can be activated simultaneously or separately. All models are equipped with an exhaust and intake air exhaust system. The sequential activation of the heating elements allows you to avoid excessive load on the network.
Electric boilers for a private house with tubular heaters are the most popular. Customer reviews confirm this fact. The configuration of such versions is quite diverse: from standard "barrels" to unique configurations with the most modern electronic control unit.
Reviews about the electric boiler
Among the advantages of the unit under consideration, users note the following advantages:
- Reliability.
- Security.
- Easy installation and maintenance.
The disadvantages of an electric boiler include a slow set of heat, since the bulk of the initial energy is used to heat the heat carrier. In addition, tubular options are demanding on the quality of the working fluid. Otherwise, scale quickly appears on the walls of the working elements, which leads to a decrease in the ability of heat transfer and reduces the working life of parts. One of the elements of the fight against this disadvantage is the anode rod, mounted together with the main heating element and serving to remove excess calcareous and salt deposits. Specialists recommend the additional use of special coolants and purified water.
Manufacturers rating
The following is an overview of electric energy-saving boilers that are in great demand in the domestic market:
- EVAN EPO. The cost of the product starts from 13 thousand rubles. Among the main characteristics, it can be noted the connection to a voltage of 220 volts, the power indicator is 7.5 kW. Among other features: rated current - 40 A, the presence of a sensor from overheating, an external control unit, internal and external anti-corrosion coating. The mass of the device is 15 kilograms, dimensions - 22/27/56 cm.
- VNIETO. This copy refers to compact modifications with a built-in control system and a design for working in a 380 V network. The price of the unit starts from 7 thousand rubles. Main characteristics: spirals are made of stainless steel, two power levels (3 and 6 kW), weight - 7 kilograms, dimensions - 16/16/76 cm.
- Electric boiler "Proterm Skat". The device is a modern wall-mounted model with electronic control. The supply voltage is 220 or 380 volts, there is a built-in circulation pump and an expansion tank of 10 liters. The design of the device is equipped with indicators for protection against voltage surges, an automatic diagnostic system, pump jamming. Dimensions - 31.5 / 41/74 cm. The weight of the device is 37.4 kg.
- RUSNIT 207 M The wall-mounted electric boiler is equipped with a control unit, which is located in the lower part of the housing. Power supply - 220 or 380 V, power at the maximum indicator - 7 kW, a compartment for mounting a circulation pump is provided. The built-in thermostat makes it possible to adjust the temperature from 5 to 30 degrees Celsius. Overheat protection blocks operation at 90 ° C. Dimensions - 50/32/21 cm. Weight - 12 kg. Price - from 17 thousand rubles.
Induction versions
These variations of electric boilers cause many users some concerns. In fact, these units are quite effective, have a high working resource and do not require frequent preventive or repair intervention.
The principle of operation of these devices is the resistive effect on the heating element. In principle, this device works on the principle of a transformer. An alternating current flows through the primary winding, which is redistributed to the ferromagnetic core of a single winding. It is located behind the secondary circuit, which serves as a regulator for additional heating of the coolant. The primary coil is not involved in the main heating process, but it has maximum protection against “breakdowns”, which makes it practically eternal.
Nuances
If the water supply system has a very fast heating of the water, then it is not necessary to use a pump in combination with an electric heater. An important point: if the system is operated for one or two radiators, the recommendation is relevant. Otherwise, it is still recommended to mount the pumps. This will avoid energy loss and provide a high rate of efficiency.
Among the main controversial claims, it is considered the moment that electric boilers are close in efficiency to a 100 percent efficiency indicator. Despite the low inertia and ease of precise adjustments, the equipment in question has disadvantages in terms of starting several cycles of starts and stops of the process. This factor clearly refers to the negative parameters of the device. This situation is somewhat better for models with an induction principle of operation and the presence of automatic controllers.