A child of 5-6 years old, according to physiologists, psychologists and teachers, is just at the age when his memory, processes of thinking and perception are fully prepared for comprehensive development. He really wants to learn, and physiologically, the children’s body corresponds to the loads associated with developing learning. Senior preschool age is the most effective time to begin to actively learn not only the basics of reading, but also to move forward in this direction.
Targets and goals
Like any program, reading in the senior group of fiction is not a process of spontaneous or neglected. Its main goal is to foster a strong interest in the book. Another, no less significant, is associated with it: the formation of fluent, meaningful reading skills. The goal defines the objectives:
- Expanded acquaintance with the best examples of fiction.
- Legibility and a conscious approach to choosing books.
- Interested, thoughtful reading. In the senior group of fiction for the active acquaintance provided a wide selection. It is important that the child is aware of what attracts him to this or that book, and knows how to analyze it.
- The upbringing of a critical approach to the process and object of reading, the correct assessment of the information that a preschooler draws from print media.
- Reading in the senior group of fiction should not turn into a simple filling of free time, a remedy for boredom or idleness. One of the main tasks of the process is to educate the reader who is creative, feeling and understanding the beauty of the word, who knows how to distinguish a fake from a real work.
- And finally, reading in the senior group of fiction pursues such serious, especially acute problems now, like love for the book, caring, careful handling and active enrichment of the vocabulary of preschool children, teaching them the culture of speech, the ability to express their thoughts accurately, correctly and beautifully .
Baggage for school
What skills should fiction read in preschool children? The older group is the last link before students move to school. Therefore, they should have a fairly deep understanding of literary art genres, analyze the actions of the characters, give them an assessment, retell the content of the entire work or its individual episodes, and structure their speech in accordance with the rules of Russian style.
Selection of works
Reading fairy tales in the older group should not occupy the prevailing position. It is important for the educator to correctly combine age-appropriate works of different genres: poetry, dramatic fragments, etc. If we talk about fairy tales as the main type of works, then we should offer children not only Russians, but also other peoples of the world, as well as literary ones. For instance:
- folk tales "Sivka-Burka", "Hare-boaster";
- the story of Carlson, the works of the Brothers Grimm, S. Perro, some stories about Mowgli, Pushkin's tales;
- stories for the children of Tolstoy, Bianchi, Cassil;
- poems about nature, homeland, seasons, friendship, etc., with memorization.
Guided by the general provisions of the program, each educator can choose a list of works that will be studied by children of the older group with pleasure.