The ventilated facade is often used today in the role of exterior decoration of buildings. This technology is common for some reason. First of all, such a system is able to provide an excellent level of thermal insulation, in addition, precipitation, which can destroy the materials at the base of the creation, does not affect the external walls. This has a positive effect on the humidity regime and microclimate of the rooms inside the building.
Description of ventilated facades
The ventilated facade is a structure made of cladding materials that are mounted on the walls using a frame. The latter can be performed using aluminum or metal profiles, in some cases, the installation technology involves the implementation of a wood frame. Between the walls of the building and the finishing cladding of the facade, as a rule, insulation material is located. In the vast majority of cases, mineral wool is used. If we are talking about the basement of the building, then instead of mineral wool, materials based on extruded polystyrene foam are used.
The ventilated facade in the basement area is mounted using expanded polystyrene for the reason that it does not leak moisture and is able to guarantee waterproofing of the building surface.
Positive characteristics
The main plus of the ventilated facade is that between the finish and the wall there is a space that is sufficient for air circulation. This greatly reduces the risk of condensation, which increases the durability of the building. Initially, it is necessary to calculate the ventilated facades. This will allow you to purchase materials in the right amount and save.
Preparatory work before installing the ventilated facade
The ventilated facade should be mounted after some preparatory work has been carried out by the master. Previously, the facade is cleaned of old finishes. This can be plaster, paint, putty, etc. On the surface of the wall there may be peeling, which must be removed by stripping so that the installation of the bracket is not accompanied by the separation of fragments from the wall. If the wall has some irregularities, then they must be eliminated by applying a putty mixture. This will ensure the most tight fit of the insulation material to the surface of the walls. If there is mold on the base, it must be treated with an antifungal compound before performing work.
The next step is to markup. It should be vertical, which will allow you to properly mount the frame brackets. It is preferable to use not a level, but a plumb line, since it most accurately allows you to determine the vertical. After the preparatory work is completed, you can start installing the brackets and fasten the insulation. Installation of a ventilated facade does not imply the use of a complex tool, which reduces the cost of the process.
Fixing brackets and heaters
The ventilated facade cannot be installed without the use of brackets for mounting frames. Using the marking, you need to drill holes designed for fasteners. In this case, you need to use a hammer drill. A paronite gasket is mounted for each bracket. Once the bracket is in place, it must be strengthened with the
anchor dowel, firmly pressing the screw using a screwdriver. At the next stage, you can proceed with the installation of insulation. A windproof membrane should be placed on top of the seal, which will protect the surface of the insulator from water. Cloths of this material should be laid with an overlap, the minimum width of which is 100 mm. Through the membrane and the sealing material, holes must be made to install the plate-shaped dowels.
Features of mounting the frame
Ventilated facade must be installed on the frame system. After you complete the strengthening of the insulation and windproof membrane, you can proceed to the installation of the frame. System profiles are mounted on brackets. After the profiles are aligned using levels, you can fix the components of the frame using rivets, as an alternative solution, you can use self-tapping screws. To compensate for thermal expansions, vertical grooves should be made looser. After the frame is assembled, it is necessary to install fire cutoffs, which are steel plates. The latter will block the air gap. They will not interfere with air exchange.
Facade cladding technology
If you decide to use a ventilated facade for cladding the house, then at the next stage you can proceed to the final work, which involves finishing with cladding panels. When it comes to steel and wood panels, fastening to the frame system is done using self-tapping screws. When using siding made of polyvinyl chloride, you also need to use screws. To fix the siding, the products have holes that have an oval shape. They are necessary in order to compensate for the thermal deformations to which plastic is exposed.
The ventilated facade can be made using porcelain stoneware panels, fiber cement or using clinker-based thermal panels. In these cases, you need to use clip-clips. The joints formed by the panels must be closed with strips or treated with sealant, in the latter case we are talking about masonry and brickwork, or rather, panels that mimic this finish. The technology of the ventilated porcelain stoneware facade is almost no different from that used when using finishes based on other materials.
Varieties of ventilated facades
Ventilated facades, the views of which will be presented below, have excellent external characteristics. Before starting work, you have to choose a variety of this finish, which is suitable for you according to the installation technology and appearance. Before starting work, it is necessary to objectively assess your capabilities.
Porcelain Tiles
One of the varieties of curtain walls is porcelain. Porcelain stoneware is used as the external finish, while underneath it is also a heater, mounted on the profile with kleimers. Mineral wool is also a heater here. Such a facade is not afraid of seasonal changes and is characterized by a long lifespan, it copes with the aggressive effects of the external environment, it is easy to operate, it is also popular for the reason that it has low cost. When choosing porcelain stoneware, it is necessary to take into account the parameters of the tile, which should be a multiple of the size of the facade of the building. Experts recommend choosing a tile that has more impressive dimensions, for example, 800x800 mm, 600x1200 mm or 600x600 mm.
Siding
Another type of ventilated facade involves the use of siding as a finish. The ventilated facade, the photo of which is presented in the article, will allow you to make a choice. If you prefer siding, you can choose between panels made of wood, steel or galvanized. As a rule, when carrying out facade works, galvanized or vinyl panels are used. Such products are characterized by durability, ease of installation, reliability and low cost. In appearance, siding is very attractive. The coating does not rot, it does not need to be painted, in addition, they have excellent technical characteristics. It’s easy to care for the coating, it’s enough to wash it with water.
Metal cassettes
The next variety of curtain walls is metal cassettes, which are steel panels with curved edges. Considering the ventilated facades, the types of which are presented here, we can distinguish that metal cassettes are made of galvanized polymer coating. You can choose metal cassettes from unpainted galvanized steel, which should be treated with a decorative coating. If you live in a region with difficult climatic conditions, metal cassettes are just right for the facade of your home, as they are resistant to external damage. In addition, they have an attractive shine and aesthetic appearance. You can not be afraid that metal cassettes will burn out, as they perfectly reflect the sun's rays and maintain their appearance throughout the entire life of the cartridge.
Fiber-cement ventilated facades
If the hinged ventilated facade will be mounted using fiber cement boards, this will reduce the metal consumption of the structure. When installing such a system, a movable type bracket is to be used. This indicates that you can not align the walls before starting work, as the bracket will compensate for the unevenness of the walls. Fiber cement boards are characterized by high frost resistance, density and a long service life. For private homes, the issue of fire safety is especially relevant, the fiber-cement facade is not flammable, therefore it is so popular among private developers. You can’t be afraid that such a ventilated facade, the photo of which is presented in the article, will be exposed to microorganisms, due to the fact that fiber cement boards are not able to create conditions for the development of bacteria. Due to the fact that fiber cement boards are mounted by dry technology, they can be installed throughout the year. With this decoration you can change the geometry of the facade.
A natural stone
A hinged ventilated facade, the photo of which must be considered before purchasing materials, may have natural stone. The use of such material guarantees enhanced protective functions of the walls, in addition, you will be able to significantly extend the life of the structure. Among the additional poles of such structures is a high level of sound absorption, which is significant for people living in megacities, this is also important for owners of houses that live near highways. The ventilated porcelain stoneware facade, the installation technology of which is similar to that used when installing the system of natural stone, does not burn. When installing it, you will have to use brackets in the amount of three pieces. Porcelain facades freeze less often, in addition, they are easy to install.
Metal siding
Steel siding is the easiest to install, it has a fairly attractive appearance and is common in private construction. It is used in the external decoration of buildings of any functional purpose. This indicates the versatility of steel siding. Such a coating does not lose its physical characteristics over time, it can be used in a wide temperature range - from -50 to +80 0 . Facing of ventilated facades involves the use of additional elements that are highly durable.