Recently, various hollow and sheet materials are widely used in construction. It can be drywall, plywood, chipboard and OSB, hollow brick. These materials are widely used for the construction of buildings, the construction of partitions in the premises. Finishing work is not without them. Recently, a search has been conducted for new and more technologically advanced materials that could replace the usual solid brick, wooden timber, concrete, and even foam blocks. In this regard, in the construction industry, it becomes very relevant to use fasteners for such structures and sheet material. For example, a dowel for hollow bricks. This is one of the possible options.
Hollow brick
What kind of material is this? In modern construction, two types of bricks are used - this is hollow and solid. The main function of the first materials is the construction of buildings, which should be as strong and durable as possible.
This brick is good in all respects. The material is lightweight, sturdy, easy to install. However, he has a significant drawback. It does not retain heat well in rooms. Although hollow brick practically does not differ in strength from a full-bodied one, but it is more often used in finishing work. The internal void in such a building material can range from 30% to 50% depending on the type and manufacturer. As raw materials for such blocks, low-melting clay grades are used. It is from it that red brick is made. There is another option. It is a silicate hollow white species. Let's look at the features and properties of the mounting blocks.
Features of the hollow block
This building material has some features. Due to the voids in the rooms, heat is perfectly preserved. Using this brick in the construction of a residential building, it is possible to ensure a high level of thermal energy conservation in the cold. In addition, hollow types of materials have good sound insulation. These types of bricks can withstand various climatic conditions.
Blocks can withstand 40 degrees of frost without any problems. Hollow brick has a good appearance. On the modern market, there are a lot of options for facing material. Available in various colors and textures. During the construction of hollow bricks, there is no need to create deep foundations. This greatly simplifies the work process. This type of brick is much lighter than all other materials. Therefore, the construction of it can withstand even the simplest foundation. It is very profitable to buy this brick - its price is much lower than full-bodied analogues. There is a build from such a block, you can save up to 30% of the money. Also, hollow blocks are inexpensive to transport, since their weight is much lower than full-bodied counterparts.
Types of fasteners for hollow materials
But you should not think that such materials are too fragile. Through them, you can even lay various types of communications.
For this building material, a number of different fasteners were invented and created more. For example, this is a dowel for hollow bricks. And this is only one of the species. There are many varieties of fasteners. Below we consider the features of each of them.
Dowels: characteristic
Fasteners in the form of dowels are probably the most common and cost-effective option. Its shape is non-standard and has the form of two uniform thickenings. One of the most popular types of this fixture is the expansion bolt shield for a hollow brick like "butterfly". The main element of this product is a special part in the form of a sleeve. A special locking screw or screw is screwed into it.
Types of dowels
There are several types of elements. All are designed for fasteners. With hollow bricks, you can use a universal dowel-nail. It is made of aluminum or steel. There are analogs made of plastic (for example, a plastic dowel for hollow brick ML Mungo). Its price is from 6 to 11 rubles per unit.
Dowel nail
So, the classic version of the dowel-nail is the most universal solution. With it, you can perform the installation of various frames, fasten furniture to the wall, fix household appliances and solve a wide range of critical tasks.
However, experts do not recommend using these fasteners with hollow types of building materials. In this case, other elements should be applied. Fasteners for masonry differ from the nail in the increased size and the presence of a double expansion mechanism. Such a fastener may be made of metal or plastic. As for the reliability of the fasteners, it is provided due to the spacer elements, which during the driving process will not fall into the void, but into the solid part. It is due to this that the necessary fixation is provided. The spacers are unclenched by screwing a threaded screw or stud into it. An example of such fasteners is the Mungo dowel for hollow bricks. The device is well established in the market as a reliable fastener.
Front
These fasteners are used for installation of hydro- and soundproof materials. But it is also a universal part, which is widely used with any kind of materials in almost any conditions.
Today, a facade dowel is made for two types of hollow bricks - anchor and plate. The plate version is suitable for the installation of insulating materials. Anchors are used to install brackets for a ventilated facade.
Installation of elements in brickwork
How to hammer a dowel into a hollow brick? First you need to make a hole of the appropriate size - along the length and diameter of the fastener. Then the dowel with screw is inserted into the clogging tool. Next - set in the hole. After that, the screw is clogged into the hole, and the spacers are automatically parted.
Anchor
The hollow brick anchor also has two bulges on the body. Such fasteners are designed with full consideration of all the characteristics and features of hollow building materials. Such fasteners are based on a threaded rod. The length is such that even thick structures can be built on its basis. This element is fixed due to the spring. The latter provides support. Working with anchors is very fast and convenient.
Chemical
The chemical expansion bolt shield for a hollow brick is a product of modern technologies. It uses special substances that must be introduced into the mounting hole. The compound will gain strength as this compound solidifies.
Chemical compounds work on the basis of cohesion and adhesion forces. This fastener is used to connect and fix various building materials, as well as structures and products from different materials. As for the strength of the joint, which can be obtained, it has high reliability. It significantly exceeds the characteristics of any friction anchors, expansion dowels and other types of fasteners. A chemical dowel for hollow bricks creates compounds where the pull-out force is 2.5 times greater than any traditional one.
Varieties of chemical anchors
Such a dowel consists of special adhesive compounds, as well as a metal insert. This is a sleeve inside which a thread is cut. Also included in the structure is a stud and reinforcing bar. This element is made of stainless or galvanized steel of various grades. The process of joining fasteners of this type is carried out due to the special chemical composition - according to its characteristics it is glue. It must be filled into a pre-drilled hole. And then, due to the polymerization process, a strong bond between the hollow brick and this connector will be ensured.
Types of chemical dowels and installation methods
Adhesive formulations are usually two-component. They are prepared immediately before installation work. Often, this composition can be bought either in ampoules for a certain diameter and length of the hole, or in special cartridges and other packages. Such packaging consists of two compartments. In one is the glue itself, in the other is hardener. During installation, an ampoule is inserted into the prepared holes, and then the mounting metal rod - it will crush the package with glue. Then polymerization will begin, which will provide the connection with the necessary strength. Installation with cartridges is carried out by extruding glue and hardener composition in the required proportions, mixing substances. Then the resulting mixture is pumped into the hole. Specialists in construction works very positively about these products. There is nothing easier than fixing the dowel in a hollow brick, a porous ceramic block or in aerated concrete. In addition, specialists install a perforated sleeve in such designs. It helps to prevent strong leakage of glue into the voids of the building material. The joint created in this way has high strength and reliability. Analogs do not exist today.
The advantages of using chemical dowels
When using this type of connection, no tensile stresses arise.
The hole after installation will be completely tight. Ease of installation is an important advantage. Another major plus is the versatility and high strength of such a solution. Glue is very resistant to any type of damaging effects. The durability of the connection is about 50 years.
Disadvantages of chemical anchor
The first and main minus is the price. It is 50% higher than the wholesale, which sells nail dowels for hollow bricks. The second minus is the shelf life of the open packaging of glue. This period is relatively short. And finally, a rather lengthy polymerization process.
Conclusion
Hollow brick is a building material that helps retain heat in the room. To build from it is inexpensive and effective, especially since there are so many different fasteners for it.